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    Cinema e meio ambiente: estudo sobre concepções de ciência, tecnologia e representações sociais por meio de cine-debate
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2020-04-30) Silva Junior, Arnaldo Antonio da [UNIFESP]; Farias, Luciana Aparecida [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo
    The ability to signify, understand, feel and represent the environment in its integral aspects and, therefore, more complex, is essential when we propose to raise human awareness of environmental issues. Thus, the interdisciplinary approach to enter socio-environmental issues is a necessary path and, in this way, Environmental Education (EE) is shown as a process that can generate reflection and provide changes in values and principles. In this sense, for an educational practice that finds the socio-environmental dimension in daily life, alternative teaching strategies can be important tools for EE and, among them, is the use of cinema. In this context, the present study raises the following research questions: what representations of the environment can emerge from different views of Science and Technology (S&T) present in commercial circuit films? And are these works good instruments of EE? The investigation included the analysis of the films: The Martian (2015), Avatar (2009) and Wall-E (2008), because the three works present an approach anchored in S&T and environmental issues as a common axis, however contemplating different aspects of this theme, which reflects different ways of relating to scientific and technological knowledge on the part of society and, consequently, may represent different views of the world and of relating and representing the environment. The study sought, from the analysis of the films, to generate conceptual support material for the elaboration of the formative process in the model of a Cine-debate, based on the focus group technique. The discussions in the Cine-debate took place in three meetings and were held with a group of students from the 3rd year of regular high school in a public school in Ribeirão Pires-SP, in 2019. The discussions were recorded in audio and video and the group answered a questionnaire before and after the Cine-debate. The relationships between the conceptions of S&T and the social representations of the environment were analyzed based on the concepts present in the literature, both for the films and for Cine-debate. Film analysis pointed to the trend of S&T conceptions, culminating in anthropocentric representations when scientific knowledge is linked to visions of mechanized, infallible, fragmented Science. Whereas naturalist representations arise from a mixture of scientific views such as: sociopolitical neutrality and skeptical posture. Globalizing representation, on the other hand, relates to a science of collective construction, of connection with the environment, in a posture of systematic doubt, of support in the acquired knowledge. In the case of the Cine-debate, there was a tendency in the participants for the emergence of S&T conceptions related to methodological pluralism, scientific skepticism, social ties and more globalizing ideas, despite the constant presence of naturalistic thinking. The Cine-debate process and the films showed potential as EE strategies and, therefore, capable of contributing in the socio-environmental field.