Navegando por Palavras-chave "Adolescent Behavior"
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- ItemSomente MetadadadosAtividade Física, Problemas De Comportamento E Desempenho Escolar Em Adolescentes De Diferentes Escolaridades(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2017-09-05) Pizano, Roberval Emerson [UNIFESP]; Vitalle, Maria Sylvia De Souza [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)The study about physical activity (PA) in adolescents has attracted interest from researchers, who consider it as an important indicator of quality of life, predicting how the adult population profile will be in the near future. In addition to the benefits it brings to physical health, studies have shown that physical activity promotes improvements in the emotional, social and cognitive domains of students. However, recent research has not presented with such consistency the association between physical activity, school achievement and behavior problems, or even the confirmation of significant results. The objective of this study was to verify the association between the physical activity level (PAL), behavioral problems and academic achievement of adolescents in the municipalities of São Paulo (SP), Botucatu (SP) and Cáceres (MT). In addition, we sought to verify the prediction of socio-demographic variables, physical education and sports participation and physical activity level on behavior problems and academic achievement in adolescents. The research was developed with 1088 adolescents aged 14 to 18 years of high school in state schools. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis (Odds Ratio- OR) were performed to verify possible associations between predictor variables and academic achievement and total problems (TPR), internalizing (IPR) and externalizing (EPR) problems. For the descriptive results, 52% of adolescents presented a high PAL, 33% presented B2 socioeconomic stratum, 48% used the walk to school, 32% had the education level of the head of the family as full secondary level / incomplete higher education, 34% presented satisfactory perception of cardiorespiratory fitness, 59% did not practice sports outside school hours, 76% participated in physical education classes, 30% presented behavioral problems, and 70% had greater academic achievement than grades 4. Female gender was a good predictor of school performance. For behavioral problems, female presented greater chance to IPR (OR=1,4), participation in physical education (OR=0,6) and satisfactory (OR=0,6), good (OR=0,4) and very good (OR=0,3) perceptions of cardiorespiratory fitness were predictor factors for IPR. Physical activity level was not a predictor of behavioral problems and academic performance in our sample as a whole.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Diferenças regionais de conhecimento, opinião e uso de contraceptivo de emergência entre universitários brasileiros de cursos da área de saúde(Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 2010-09-01) Silva, Flávia Calanca da [UNIFESP]; Vitalle, Maria Sylvia de Souza [UNIFESP]; Maranhão, Hélcio de Sousa; Canuto, Maria Helena Alves; Pires, Maria Marlene de Souza; Fisberg, Mauro [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; Universidade Federal de Goiás; Universidade Federal de Santa CatarinaThe aim of this study was to evaluate regional differences in knowledge, attitudes, and practice in emergency contraception use among Brazilian university students. A sample of university students answered a semi-structured questionnaire on knowledge, attitudes, and practice related to emergency contraception and sexual behavior. Fisher's exact test and ANOVA were used for statistical analysis. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Ninety-six percent (n = 588) of the students had heard of emergency contraception, and 19% (n = 111) knew all the situations in which emergency contraception is indicated, with statistical differences between regions of the country. Forty-two percent of sexually active women in the sample had already used emergency contraception; 35% (n = 207) of students equated emergency contraception with abortion; and 81% (n = 473) thought emergency contraception involves health risks. No significant difference was observed between regions of the country regarding use and attitudes towards emergency contraception. Inter-regional differences in knowledge had no impact on students' attitudes and practice in emergency contraception. National awareness-raising campaigns are needed to improve knowledge on emergency contraception.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Fatores associados à implantação de programas de prevenção ao uso de drogas nas escolas(Amer Soc Microbiology, 2016) Pereira, Ana Paula Dias [UNIFESP]; Paes, Angela Tavares [UNIFESP]; Sanchez, Zila M. [UNIFESP]OBJECTIVE: To analyze if characteristics of managers, schools, and curriculum are associated with the implementation of programs for drug abuse prevention in elementary and high schools. METHODS: Cross-sectional study, with random sample of 263 school managers. Data were collected between 2012 and 2013 by a program that sends forms via internet. A closed self-filling questionnaire was applied online. Statistical analysis included Chi-square tests and logistic regression models. The outcome variable was the presence of program for drug abuse prevention inserted in the daily life and educational program of the school. The explanatory variables were divided into: demographic data of the manager characteristics of the school and of the curriculum health education and drug use in the school. RESULTS: We found that 42.5% (95% CI 36.1-49.1) of the evaluated schools had programs for drug abuse prevention. With the multiple logistic regression model, we observed that the more time the manager has worked with education, the chance of the school having a program increased at about 4.0%. Experimenting with innovative teaching techniques also increased at about six times the chance of the school developing a program for drug abuse prevention. The difficulties in the implementation of the programs were more present in state and municipal schools, when compared with private schools, due to, for instance: lack of teaching materials, lack of money, and competing demands for teaching other subjects. CONCLUSIONS: The implementation of programs for drug abuse prevention in the city of Sao Paulo is associated with the experience of the manager in education and with the teaching strategies of the school.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Propaganda de álcool e associação ao consumo de cerveja por adolescentes(Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo, 2011-06-01) Faria, Roberta [UNIFESP]; Vendrame, Alan [UNIFESP]; Silva, Rebeca de Souza e [UNIFESP]; Pinsky, Ilana [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between alcohol advertising and beer drinking among adolescents. METHODS: A total of 1,115 students enrolled in the 7th and 8th grades of three public schools in São Bernardo do Campo, Southeastern Brazil, were interviewed in 2006. The independent variables were as follows: attention paid to alcohol advertisements, belief in the veracity of advertisements, affective response to advertisements and previous tobacco use, among others. The dependent variable was beer drinking in the last 30 days. Univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were made. Age, importance given to religion and the presence of a bathroom in the home were used as control. RESULTS: Beer drinking in the last 30 days was associated with tobacco use (OR = 4.551), having a favorite alcoholic beverage brand (OR = 5.150), poor parental supervision (OR = 2.139), considering parties one goes to as similar to those seen in commercials (OR = 1.712), paying more attention to advertisements (OR = 1.563) and believing that advertisements tell the truth (OR = 2.122). This association remained, even in the presence of other variables associated with beer drinking. CONCLUSIONS: Alcohol advertisements are positively associated with recent beer drinking, because they remind adolescents of their own reality or make them believe in their veracity. Alcohol advertisement restrictions can be one way to prevent alcohol use and abuse by adolescents.