Navegando por Palavras-chave "Bone Tissue Engineering"

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    Efeito do scaffold de biosilicato®/espongina no reparo de defeitos em tíbias de ratos
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2019-08-15) Fermino, Bianca Priscilla Dorileo [UNIFESP]; Renno, Ana Claudia Muniz [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Bone repair is a highly complex process that includes the interaction of a series of biological events to restore tissue integrity. Nevertheless, some situations may result in delayed consolidation and even nonunion (SENA et al., 2005; MARSELL; EINHORN, 2010). This scenario has required the development of new therapeutic practices, such as the manufacture of composites that unite the properties of two or more materials, mainly due to the possibility they offer to mimic bone tissue (SIQUEIRA; ZANOTTO, 2011). Thus, the combination of Biosilicate® (BS) (which would represent the inorganic part of bone tissue) with an organic component, such as spongin (ESP) from marine sponges, could represent a therapy with increased osteogenic potential. Given the above, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the Biosilicate® Spongine (BS/ESP) scaffold on the repair process of induced bone defects in rat tibias. In this study, 30 rats allocated to the following experimental groups were used: CG (control); BS; and BS/ESP. The animals were submitted to the surgical procedure to perform the tibial bone defect and received the respective materials. After 15 days, the animals were euthanized and the samples collected for histopathological, morphometric – where three variables were investigated: ratio of neoformed bone tissue volume (BV) to defect volume (TV), (BV/TV), %), values for the number of osteoblasts per tissue area (N.Ob/T.Ar, mm2) and representation for the osteoblast surface as a percentage of bone surface (Ob.S/BS, %) – and immunohistochemistry analysis, which was performed qualitatively and semiquantitatively for RankL (activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand) and Runx2 (runt-related transcription factor-2) factors. Histopathological analysis indicated the presence of granulation tissue and few inflammatory cells at the bone defect site for all groups. Furthermore, there was a prevalence of bone trabeculae in the periphery of the defect for the biomaterials groups and signs suggestive of BS and BS/ESP degradation in the center of the bone defect. Regarding the morphometric analysis, no statistically significant difference was observed in any of the analyzed variables. Regarding qualitative immunohistochemical analysis, RankL immunostaining for CG was predominant in granulation tissue, osteocytes and bone marrow. For BS and BS/ESP, this immunostaining was more evident in granulation tissue and newly formed bone. Immunostaining for Runx2, on the other hand, was observed in all experimental groups in granulation tissue and newly formed bone. And for quantitative immunohistochemical analysis no statistically significant differences were observed between the studied groups for RankL and Runx2. It was concluded that the BS and BS/ESP scaffolds allowed the growth of bone trabeculae mainly at the edges of the defect. In addition, both materials showed a positive immunostaining for RankL and Runx2, mainly in granulation tissue and newly formed bone.