Navegando por Palavras-chave "Cachexia"
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- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Alterações promovidas pela caquexia associada ao câncer sobre a inervação do tecido adiposo de pacientes caquéticos(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2016-09-30) Cavalaro, Diego Alexandre [UNIFESP]; Nascimento, Claudia Maria da Penha Oller do [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9974551337615485; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4545663567537745; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Introduction: Cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome, characterized by loss of skeletal muscle tissue and / or adipose tissue, which cannot be completely reversed even with nutritional support, and is often associated with advanced stages of cancer. The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) may have a role in the development of this syndrome by controlling lipid metabolism through catecholamines. Objective: To analyze possible differences in sympathetic innervation, adrenergic receptors in the inflammatory process in the mesenteric adipose tissue of patients with cancer cachexia , non-cachectic and controls. Methods: The study involved 87 patients, recruited from the University Hospital of the University of São Paulo, classified into 3 groups: Control, cancer without cachexia (WSC) and cancer cachexia (CC). Blood samples were collected for biochemical measurements. Mesenteric adipose tissue samples employed used for determination of cytokines, gene expression, protein concentration, expression of adrenergic receptors and to analyze the frequency of adrenergic fiber immunoreactivity for anti-tyrosine hydroxylase. Results: CC showed greater weight loss, anemia, hypoalbuminemia, higher concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP) and lower score ( p<0.0001 ) for quality of life. CC also showed higher plasma concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?). Significant differences in gene expression and protein quantification of adrenergic receptors in mesenteric adipose tissue were not observed. The qualitative analysis of the density of adrenergic fiber in the mesenteric adipose tissue was not different between groups. Conclusions: CC patients showed a inflammatory profile presenting higher plasma concentrations of pro inflammatory cytokines and PCR. No changes were found for gene expression and protein quantification of adrenergic receptors in mesenteric adipose tissue of patients with cancer cachexia, nor weight- stable counterparts. Conclusion: The results suggest that the development of cachexia is independent of changes in the gene expression and protein quantification of alpha and beta adrenergic receptors, as well as changes in the presence of adrenergic fibers, in the mesenteric adipose tissue.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosExercise Training Reduces PGE(2) Levels and Induces Recovery from Steatosis in Tumor-bearing Rats(Elsevier B.V., 2010-12-01) Lira, Fabio dos Santos [UNIFESP]; Yamashita, Alex Shimura; Carnevali, Luiz Carlos; Gonçalves, Daniela Caetano; Lima, Waldecir Paula; Rosa Neto, José Cesar [UNIFESP]; Caperuto, Erico Chagas; Rosa, Luis Fernando Bicudo Pereira Costa; Seelaender, Marilia Cerqueira Leite; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)The effects of endurance training on PGE(2) levels and upon the maximal activity of hepatic carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT) system were studied in rats bearing the Walker 256 carciosarcoma. Animals were randomly assigned to a sedentary control (SC), sedentary tumor-bearing (ST), exercised control (EC), and as an exercised tumor-bearing (ET) group. Trained rats ran on a treadmill (60% VO2 max) for 60 min/day, 5 days/week, for 8 weeks. We examined the mRNA expression (RT-PCR) and maximal activity (radio-assay) of the carnitine palmitoyltransferase system enzymes (CPT I and CPT II), as well as the gene expression of fatty-acid-binding protein (L-FABP) in the liver. PGE(2) content was measured in the serum, in tumor cells, and in the liver (ELISA). CPT I and CPT II maximal activity were decreased (p < 0.01) in ST when compared with SC. in contrast, serum PGE(2) was increased (p < 0.05) in cachectic animals as compared with SC. in the liver, PGE(2) content was also increased (p < 0.05) when compared with SC. Endurance training restored maximal CPT I and CPT II activity in the tumor-bearing animals (p < 0.0001). Exercise training induced PGE(2) levels to return to control values in the liver of tumor-bearing training rats (p < 0.05) and decreased the eicosanoid content in the tumor (p < 0.01). in conclusion, endurance training was capable of reestablishing liver carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT) system activity associated with decreased PGE(2) levels in cachectic tumor-bearing animals, preventing steatosis.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosInflammation in cancer cachexia: To resolve or not to resolve (is that the question?)(Churchill Livingstone, 2012-08-01) Seelaender, Marilia; Batista Junior, Miguel; Lira, Fabio [UNIFESP]; Silverio, Renata; Rossi-Fanelli, Filippo; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Univ Mogi das Cruzes; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Univ Roma La SapienzaBackground & aims: Cachexia is associated with poor prognosis and shortened survival in cancer patients. Growing evidence points out to the importance of chronic systemic inflammation in the aetiology of this syndrome. in the recent past, chronic inflammation was considered to result from overexpression and release of pro-inflammatory factors. However, this conception is now the focus of debate, since the importance of a crescent number of pro-resolving agents in the dissolution of inflammation is now recognised - leading to the hypothesis that chronic inflammation occurs rather due to failure in the resolution process. We intend to put forward the possibility that this may also be occurring in cancer cachexia.Methods: Recent reviews on inflammation and cachexia, and on the factors involved in the resolution of inflammation are discussed.Results: the available information suggests that indeed, inflammation resolution failure may be present in cachexia and therefore we speculate on possible mechanisms.Conclusions: We emphasise the importance of studying resolution-related mechanisms in cancer cachexia and propose the opening of a new venue for cachexia treatment. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. All rights reserved.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosInhibition of tumor growth by quercetin with increase of survival and prevention of cachexia in Walker 256 tumor-bearing rats(Elsevier B.V., 2011-03-25) Camargo, Camila A.; Silva, Maria Eleonora F. da; Silva, Rodrigo A. da; Justo, Giselle Z. [UNIFESP]; Gomes-Marcondes, Maria Cristina C.; Aoyama, Hiroshi; Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP); Univ Paulista; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Quercetin, a flavonoid abundantly present in fruit, vegetables, wine and tea, has revealed several properties such as antioxidant, antiproliferative and anticancer. Cachexia is a poorly understood syndrome present in already compromised cancer patients, decreasing the quality of life and increasing mortality. Many studies have been performed in an attempt to discover an effective treatment for cachexia, but none of the tested therapies has fulfilled expectations. the objective of the present study was to analyze the effect of quercetin in the therapeutic treatment of cachexia and reversion of tumor growth in rats bearing Walker 256 carcinosarcoma (W256). Rats bearing W256 were treated daily with I.P. quercetin injections, at different doses (10, 15, 25 and 35 mg/kg). the results show that 10 mg/kg quercetin inhibited tumor growth by about 50% (ED(50)) when compared with controls (CTR). Moreover, two animals of this group presented complete tumor regression. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) activity and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression decreased in rats bearing W256 treated with 10 mg/kg quercetin when compared with CTR. Thus, the inhibition of tumor growth, survival increase, decrease of MMP-2 and VEGF levels and reduction of cachexia in animals treated with quercetin strongly support the anticancer function of this flavonoid. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Investigação do potencial terapêutico da cannabis sativa no tratamento de transtornos do comportamento alimentar: uma revisão sistemática(Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2022-02-14) Jardim, Beatriz de Freitas [UNIFESP]; Ribeiro, Alessandra Mussi [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7373640456805525; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Os transtornos alimentares causam consequências negativas na qualidade de vida de pacientes e seus familiares, afetando predominantemente mulheres adolescentes e jovens adultas. Os transtornos como bulimia, anorexia, pica, transtorno de ruminação e transtorno alimentar restritivo/evitativo estão associados à comorbidades como transtorno bipolar, depressão, ansiedade, transtorno obsessivo compulsivo (TOC) e transtornos do neurodesenvolvimento. A anorexia também está associada ao câncer, conhecida como síndrome de anorexia-caquexia do câncer (CACS) é um distúrbio grave que promove uma perda de peso contínua e involuntária que não pode ser totalmente revertida através apenas pela terapia nutricional convencional. Os transtornos alimentares contam com tratamentos farmacológicos e não farmacológicos, neste último com destaque para a Terapia Cognitiva Comportamental (TCC). Estudos prévios têm mostrado que o sistema endocanabinóide está fortemente envolvido no controle do apetite e ingestão alimentar. E, pacientes com transtornos alimentares apresentam alterações na neurotransmissão endocanabinóide. Neste contexto, é plausível supor que a manipulação farmacológica do tônus do sistema endocanabinóide pode ser benéfica para o tratamento de alguns transtornos alimentares. Inclusive o uso da planta cannabis tem potencial farmacológico e terapêutico para o tratamento de transtornos alimentares e suas comorbidades. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar através de um processo de revisão sistemática o potencial terapêutico da Cannabis sativa e seus constituintes para o tratamento dos transtornos do comportamento alimentar. Assim, uma revisão sistemática foi conduzida utilizando as bases de dados Pubmed, Medline e Scielo, e foram encontrados 07 estudos elegíveis. Os artigos revisados mostraram que a cannabis medicinal e constituintes podem ter um importante potencial terapêutico no tratamento da anorexia e CACS, promovendo ganho de peso e aumento do apetite e ainda ajudando na melhora da qualidade de vida, sintomas físicos e emocionais de indivíduos. Entretanto, é importante destacar que há poucos estudos acerca do assunto e mesmo os estudos já publicados apresentam importantes limitações. Assim, mais estudos são necessários para esclarecer se a manipulação farmacológica via neurotransmissão endocanabinóide pode beneficiar pacientes que sofrem com os transtornos alimentares.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosMetabolic alterations in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice: effects of prior physical exercise(Springer, 2016) Bernardes, Danielle; Oliveira-Lima, Onesia Cristina; Silva, Thiago Vitarelli da; Juliano, Maria Aparecida [UNIFESP]; Santos, Daniel Moreira dos; Carvalho-Tavares, JulianaExperimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) induces significant reduction of the body mass concomitant to sickness behavior and anorexia. We investigated whether regular physical exercise prevents metabolic alterations associated with body mass loss occurring during EAE inflammatory peak. Female C57BL/6 mice were assigned to the unexercised and exercised (trained) groups. In four weeks, EAE was induced in half of the animals in each group, and the exercise protocol was maintained until 10 days post-induction (dpi 10) completing 6 weeks of regular exercise (forced swimming). At dpi 14, the relative mass of metabolic tissues, serum levels of triglycerides, cholesterol, and glucose, glycogen contents in the muscle and liver, and muscle levels of cytokines were measured. A significantly decreased clinical score associated with attenuation of the body mass loss in exercised EAE animals, as compared to the non-exercised ones, was observed. The associated metabolic parameters were not modified by this approach, although negative correlations between some parameters and clinical score at dpi 14 were observed. Although the prior program of aerobic exercise is capable of decreasing clinical score and body mass loss, it is not sufficient to modify metabolic outcomes associated with inflammation at the EAE peak.