Navegando por Palavras-chave "Concept Formation"

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    O que fonoaudiólogos e estudantes de fonoaudiologia entendem por fluência e disfluência
    (CEFAC Saúde e Educação, 2007-03-01) Oliveira, Ana Maria do Carmo Carvalho de; Ribeiro, Ignês Maia; Merlo, Sandra; Chiappetta, Ana Lúcia de Magalhães Leal [UNIFESP]; Biofono Clínicia de Fonoaudiologia; Instituto Brasileiro de Fluência; Universidade Católica de São Paulo; Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    PURPOSE: to check the understanding of current students (those who are in 3rd and 4th year) and Speech-Language Pathology professionals about the concepts of fluency and dysfluency, the components and aspects that affect fluency and the sorts of speech dysfluency. METHODS: 107 questionnaires were applied in a sample of 57 professionals and 50 students of Speech-Language Pathology. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were applied to open questions and quantitative analysis was applied to multiple-choice questions. RESULTS: more than 20 analytic factors were identified for each open answer, but no factor was mentioned by the great majority of subjects. Most cited fluency component was speech rate. Psychological factors such as anxiety and introversion-extraversion are among the more quoted factors that affect fluency level. The three sorts of dysfluency which were more categorized as stuttered were blocks, initial prolongations and defense behaviors. There were not significant statistical differences between students' and professionals' answers. Increase in professional practice has changed some answers. CONCLUSION: the subjects: 1) have revealed an ideal concept of fluency (speech free from disruptions), 2) have considered dysfluency as some kind of disorder and not as a speech inherent event, 3) have considered speech rate, not dysfluency, as fluency's most important component, 4) have considered psychological factors, mainly anxiety, as the factors that have the major impact on fluency level (language, cognitive and genetic factors would have a secondary importance) and 5) have classified dysfluency according to scientific literature.
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    Validation of the concept Risk for Decreased Cardiac Output
    (Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto / Universidade de São Paulo, 2013-02-01) Santos, Eduarda Ribeiro dos [UNIFESP]; Souza, Mariana Fernandes de [UNIFESP]; Gutiérrez, Maria Gaby Rivero de [UNIFESP]; Maria, Vera Lucia Regina; Barros, Alba Lucia Bottura Leite de [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    OBJECTIVES: to validate the concept risk for decreased cardiac output. METHOD: Six of the eight steps suggested in the technique developed by Walker & Avant were adopted to analyze the concept of the phenomenon under study and the proposal made by Hoskins was used for content validation, taking into account agreement achieved among five experts. RESULTS: the concept decreased cardiac output was found in the nursing and medical fields and refers to the heart's pumping capacity while the concept risk is found in a large number of disciplines. In regard to the defining attributes, impaired pumping capacity was the main attribute of decreased cardiac output and probability was the main attribute of risk. The uses and defining attributes of the concepts decreased cardiac output and risk were analyzed as well as their antecedent and consequent events in order to establish the definition of risk for decreased cardiac output, which was validated by 100% of the experts. CONCLUSION: The obtained data indicate that the risk for decreased cardiac output phenomenon can be a nursing diagnosis and refining it can contribute to the advancement of nursing classifications in this context.