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- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Avaliação antropométrica, dietética e dos biomarcadores do metabolismo lipídico de pais de crianças e adolescentes com doenças reumáticas crônicas(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2019-11-28) Pereira, Lucila [UNIFESP]; Terreri, Maria Teresa De Sande E Lemos Ramos Ascensao [UNIFESP]; Sarni, Roseli Oselka Saccardo [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2661280959330284; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2661280959330284; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2587439606675653; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Introduction: Chronic rheumatic diseases in children and adolescents increase short- and long-term cardiovascular risk. Thus, knowing the eating habits, biomarkers of lipid and glycidic metabolism and the lifestyle of patients and their parents will enable the development of strategies aimed at reducing this risk. Objectives: To describe the classification of body mass index, dietary intake, physical activity and lipid metabolism biomarkers of parents of children and adolescents with chronic rheumatic diseases and compare them with those of their children. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 91 parents and their respective children diagnosed with JIA (n = 30 / 33.0%), JSLE (n = 41 / 45.0%) and JDM (n = 20 / 22.0%). Anthropometry, dietary intake, physical activity, total cholesterol and fractions, triglycerides, and apolipoproteins A-I and B were evaluated. Data werw statistically treated using the SPSS statistical program, considering a significance level of 5% (p<0.05). To compare the categorical variables, the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test was uded. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was tested for correlation between parent and child variables and the Cramer’s V test was used to verify association. Results: Most parents were female, as were their children (89.8 and 83.5% respectively). The average age of the parents was 40.5 ± 7.4 years. The disease follow up time was 4.5 ± 3.4 years and active disease was observed in 56% of children / adolescents. 80% of overweight children / adolescents also had parents with the same nutritional diagnosis. There was a moderate association to total lipid intake (Cramer's V test = 0.254; p = 0.037) and weak to saturated fat (Cramer's V test = 0.219; p = 0.050) and cholesterol (Cramer's V test = 0.234; p = 0.025) between parents and their children. When the daily protein intake in grams of kilo weight was evaluated, there was a positive linear correlation (corr=0.2239; p=0.033) between parents and children. The prevalence of dyslipidemia (TC, LDL-c, HDL-c, non-HDL-c and TG) of the parents’ children / adolescents was 83.5% and 82.4% respectively. Both parents and children / adolescents mostly had low HDL-c (52.8 and 64.8% respectively). Conclusion: The present study draws attention to the high prevalence of overweight, dyslipidemia, physical inactivity and central adiposity in the parents of children and adolescents with chronic rheumatic diseases. There was an association between inadequate fat consumption by parents and their children; this did not occur for BMI classification, lipid profile and for physical activity. The findings point to the importance of intervention strategies with parental involvement.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosConcentrações sanguíneas de zinco em lactentes prematuros e nascidos à termo(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2021) Silva, Talita Rodrigues Azevedo E [UNIFESP]; Souza, Fabiola Isabel Suano De [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São PauloIntroduction: In Brazil, about 11% of births are premature. Advances in neonatal care have increased survival, especially for moderate (<34 weeks) and very low birth weight preterm infants. Growth deficiency and micronutrient deficiency after hospital discharge are frequent situations in this specific group. Objective: To compare serum and erythrocyte zinc concentrations in infants born prematurely and at term during the period of complementary feeding, and to relate, in both groups, zinc concentrations with birth weight, gestational age, dietary history, dietary intake and current nutritional condition. Method: Cross-sectional study with 43 infants born prematurely (preterm group; 24 and 34 weeks), aged 9 to 24 months, compared with 47 healthy infants born at term (term group). Data collected: socioeconomic status and maternal health during pregnancy, anthropometry (weight, length and cranial circumference), background and food survey through the 24-hour recall. Laboratory tests: blood count, serum and erythrocyte concentrations of zinc and C-reactive protein. Results: In the preterm group, there was a lower percentage of breastfeeding infants (18,6% vs 53,2%; p = 0,001) and age of introduction of complementary feeding later [7,0 months (6,3; 8,0) vs 6,0 months (5.0; 6.0); p <0,001]. Serum zinc concentrations < 65 μg/dL and anemia were observed in 4 (5,1%) and 4 (5,3%) of the evaluated infants. There was no difference between the preterm and term groups in the mean serum zinc concentrations (94,0±23,4 μg/dL vs 90,3±18,0 μg/dL; p = 0,450) and erythrocyte (119,4±23,8 μg/gHb vs 112,7±23,1 μg/gHb; p = 0,307). The variables that were independently associated with serum zinc concentrations were breastfeeding at the time of assessment (17,9 μg/dL; 95% CI 13,1 – 54,3; p <0,001), age of introduction of the first meal main (8,3 μg/dL; 95% CI 5,3 – 11,4; p <0,001) and height/age z score (3,0 μg/dL; 95% CI 0,11 – 5,8; p = 0,042). Conclusions: The findings of this study showed no difference between the groups of infants born prematurely and at term in terms of nutritional status related to zinc in the period of complementary feeding. Zinc concentrations were influenced by breastfeeding at the time of collection and age at which complementary food was introduced.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosConsumo alimentar, prática de atividade física e o estado nutricional de adolescentes e adultos jovens: grupo populacional do Estudo Brasileiro de Nutrição e Saúde – EBANS(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2020-10-06) Arco, Ana Paula Wolf Tasca Del [UNIFESP]; Fisberg, Mauro [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São PauloObjectives: To evaluate health parameters (nutritional status, body dimensions, physical activity and dietary intake) of adolescents and young adults from the Brazilian Study of Nutrition and Health (EBANS); to compare such parameters between populations aged 15 to 19.9 years and from 20 to 24.9 years; to describe the prevalence of inadequate mineral intake and associated factors with mineral intake; to describe the physical activity (PA) practice and its association with sociodemographic factors. Methods: This study has analyzed 476 EBANS’ individuals from 15-24.9 years of age. Body weight, height and waist circumference (WC) were measured; were calculated body mass index (BMI) and waist height ratio (WHtR). Dietary intake was obtained from two 24-hour Dietary Recall; PA and sitting time were measured by the International Questionnaire of Physical Activity long version. To calculate the prevalence of mineral inadequacy, the values of the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) and the Upper Levels (UL) for sodium were considered, and the percentage of individuals who did not meet the international recommendations for PA was considered. Multiple logistic regression stepwise was used for the associated factors. Results: Almost 30% of adolescents and 45% of young adults were excess weight; with difference between age groups for nutritional status, continuous BMI value, measurement of WC and WHtR (p<0.001). Energy intake, macronutrients, minerals, number of meals and breakfast skippers were not different between the age groups. Calcium and magnesium had the highest prevalence of inadequacy (> 83%) in both sexes and age groups. Sodium intake was above UL for most of the population studied (> 68%). Being male as well as active and belonging to the age group from 19-24.9 years old were associated with adequate intake of most minerals. 48% of adolescents and 53% of young adults didn’t meet the PA recommendation. Adolescents practiced more PA time than young adults (total PA: p=0.006; METs: p<0.001; leisure PA: p=0.001); the individuals who studied also practiced more PA than those who worked (total PA: p<0.05; leisure PA: p<0.001). For adolescents it was found that gender (female OR:0.43; IC95%:0.23-0.78), socioeconomic level (low OR:5.65; IC95%:1.91- 16.67) and type of occupation (student OR: 2.07; 95%CI:1.04-4.12) were associated with adequate PA practice and for adults, region (Northeast OR:0.24; 95%CI:0.06-0.97 and Midwest OR:0.16; 95%CI:0.03-0.89) and sex (female OR:0.47; 95%CI:0.25-0.87). Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of excess weight among young Brazilians and differences were observed between adolescents and young adults regarding to nutritional status, body dimensions and PA practice; however, the percentage of those who did not meet the PA recommendations was no different. The expressive portion of the population is at nutritional risk for calcium, magnesium and sodium. The high prevalence of young people who did not meet PA recommendations suggests an imminent need to foster sustainable public policies to promote the PA practice, in all domains, in the 15-24.9 age group, especially for the female population. It is considered that strategies are necessary for the adoption of healthier habits by the young population.