Navegando por Palavras-chave "Density"

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    A comunidade de primatas não-humanos em remanescentes florestais do território indígena Potiguara, na Paraíba, Brasil
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2015-05-29) Pessoa, Taina Sherlakyann Alves [UNIFESP]; Gomes, Mauricio Talebi [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Estimates about groups size, density and composition of primates are commons in the papers, because they are a solid base for futures studies in landscape ecology and ethology, for example. They are also essential to know the conservation status of species in an area. On this perspective, the use forms of nature by traditional communities may change the dynamic population and thus threaten the long term conservation those species. Therefore, to combine the knowledge about the population aspects of a specie and potential threats for habitat them is the first step to infer their conservation status. The aim of this study was to identify occurrence areas, size, abundance, density and age and sex composition of primates non humans in forest remnants inside Indigenous Lands (IL) Potiguara, in Paraíba state, as well as to investigate the cinegetic activities and timber exploration practiced by indigenous communities. From August 2013 to December 2014 were conducted interviews and tours to confirm the occurrence of species and to identify the anthropic activities practiced in the study area, as well as also the linear transect and camera trap methods for population survey of primates in forest remnants with occurrence confirmed. Sapajus flavius species presented low encounter rate, although be well distributed in Indigenous Lands Potiguara and their age structure indicate high reproductive rate. On the other hand, Alouatta belzebul probably occur in restricted habitat patches, for was located in two points only. The incipient information for A. belzebul here obtained maybe reflect a past scenario of high feeding of this animal by indigenous. Callithrix jacchus, in turn, shows density highest than in other areas of Atlantic Forest in Northeastern, but their groups have average size low. The timber exploration has great representation in IL Potiguara, constituting the habitat loss as the current threat main to primates. All economic tensions derived from rural and urban occupation should possibly have influenced the way in which these traditional populations use the resources of their surroundings. Therefore, is expected by this study to strengthen short and long term strategies, such as environmental surveillance and the development of profitable economic alternatives in the sociocultural context where subjects are involved, joining forces with the government, since to identify the different values that local communities embed to components of the natural environment is elementary for conducting effective conservation strategies. Key-words: Primates, Occurrence, Density, Threats, Conservation, Potiguara, Indigenous.
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    Ionic and biochemical characterization of bovine intervertebral disk
    (Taylor & francis inc, 2016) Martins, Delio Eulalio [UNIFESP]; Medeiros, Valquiria Pereira; Demerov, Gabriela Feitosa [UNIFESP]; Accardo, Camila Melo [UNIFESP]; Paredes-Gamero, Edgar Julian [UNIFESP]; Wajchenberg, Marcelo [UNIFESP]; Reginato, Rejane Daniele [UNIFESP]; Nader, Helena Bonciani [UNIFESP]; Puertas, Eduardo Barros [UNIFESP]; Faloppa, Flavio [UNIFESP]
    Introduction: Intervertebral disks have been associated with low back pain, and many therapies have been proposed for its treatment. The cellular and molecular knowledge of intervertebral disks composition and precise methods to quantify disk components are important for any type of proposed therapy. Thus, the aim of this study was to correlate glycosaminoglycans presence with the quantitation of cells, ions and collagen fiber distributions in different intervertebral disk sections. Methods: In total, 14 intervertebral disks were used from cattle. All of the disks were dehydrated, separated in seven sections and digested in sodium-free papain buffer. Glycosaminoglycan measurements were performed in the samples according to agarose electrophoresis method
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    Multi-level biological responses in Ucides cordatus (Linnaeus, 1763) (Brachyura, Ucididae) as indicators of conservation status in mangrove areas from the Western Atlantic
    (Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science, 2016) Duarte, Luis Felipe de Almeida; Souza, Caroline Araujo de; Nobre, Caio Rodrigues; Pereira, Camilo Dias Seabra [UNIFESP]; Pinheiro, Marcelo Antonio Amaro
    There is a global lack of knowledge on tropical ecotoxicology, particularly in terms of mangrove areas. These areas often serve as nurseries or homes for several animal species, including Ucides cordatus (the uçá crab). This species is widely distributed, is part of the diet of human coastal communities, and is considered to be a sentinel species due to its sensitivity to toxic xenobiotics in natural environments. Sublethal damages to benthic populations reveal pre-pathological conditions, but discussions of the implications are scarce in the literature. In Brazil, the state of São Paulo offers an interesting scenario for ecotoxicology and population studies: it is easy to distinguish between mangroves that are well preserved and those which are significantly impacted by human activity. The objectives of this study were to provide the normal baseline values for the frequency of Micronucleated cells (MN‰) and for neutral red retention time (NRRT) in U. cordatus at pristine locations, as well to indicate the conservation status of different mangrove areas using a multi-level biological response approach in which these biomarkers and population indicators (condition factor and crab density) are applied in relation to environmental quality indicators (determined via information in the literature and solid waste volume). A mangrove area with no effects of impact (areas of reference or pristine areas) presented a mean value of MN‰<3 and NRRT>120 min, values which were assumed as baseline values representing genetic and physiological normality. A significant correlation was found between NRRT and MN, with both showing similar and effective results for distinguishing between different mangrove areas according to conservation status. Furthermore, crab density was lower in more impacted mangrove areas, a finding which also reflects the effects of sublethal damage; this finding was not determined by condition factor measurements. Multi-level biological responses were able to reflect the conservation status of the mangrove areas studied using information on guideline values of MN‰, NRRT, and density of the uçá crab in order to categorize three levels of human impacts in mangrove areas: PNI (probable null impact); PLI (probable low impact); and PHI (probable high impact). Results confirm the success of U. cordatus species’ multi-level biological responses in diagnosing threats to mangrove areas. Therefore, this species represents an effective tool in studies on mangrove conservation statuses in the Western Atlantic.
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    Versatile interactions of boron fullerene b-80 with gas molecules
    (Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Saude Publica, 2016) Colherinhas, Guilherme; Fileti, Eudes Eterno [UNIFESP]; Chaban, Vitaly V. [UNIFESP]
    Stable all-boron fullerene B-80 supplements a family of elemental cage molecules. These molecules may initiate a drastic rise to intriguing new chemistry. The principal stability of B-80 was recently demonstrated using photoelectron spectroscopy. We report the systematic investigation of different aspects of B-80 interactions with small gas molecules-such as carbon dioxide, molecular hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen fluoride, ammonia and sulfur dioxide-employing density functional theory. We found peculiar interactions between B-80 and ammonia resulting in the formation of a weak boron-nitrogen covalent bond in one of their local-minimum configurations. Hydrogen fluoride maintains a weak hydrogen bond with B-80. The boron fullerene was found to be strongly polarizable, with its electron density distribution changing significantly even in the presence of low-polar gases. The binding energies of the gas molecules to B-80 are generally in direct proportion to their dipole moments. Valence bands are predominantly localized on B-80. According to the present findings, one of the prospective applications of B-80 in future may be gas capture and separation.