Navegando por Palavras-chave "Food Intake"
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- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Aspectos emocionais presentes nas dificuldades alimentares iniciais: compreensão e intervenção nas relações pais-bebê em contexto pediátrico(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2018-06-14) Almeida, Mariangela Mendes de [UNIFESP]; Sole, Dirceu [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8188258243306974; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0896452104756694; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Aim: This paper investigates the emotional aspects involved within early feeding difficulties in the first three years of life, in order to present conceptual elements and practical mediations, which can strengthen an effective interface between pediatricians and psychologists working with parents and children in their first challenges. Methodological resources: In a retrospective study, from a clinicalqualitative perspective, this paper seeks to deepen, with a psychoanalytical psychodynamic framework, the understanding of emotional aspects involved in early feeding difficulties within two contexts: a) analysis of parental descriptions about their babies from zero to eighteen months and their eating difficulties, from three questions answered in the intake sessions to parentsbabies within the Mental Health Division of the Discipline of General and Community Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics of EPMUNIFESP and b) analysis of group material of parents/babies and children from zero to three years and eleven months, in the same service, in five thematic vignettes filmed and transcribed, on the issue of feeding difficulties. Transferred to tables for pre analysis, the material was then organized into thematic groups and categories, following the methodological resource of content analysis. Findings: The emerging categories have been set up as: A) parental anxieties B) protection resources to deal with anxieties (parental expressions and expressions in the baby) and C) Modes of feeding relationships (expressions in parental reports, baby expressions from parental descriptions and expressions in observed interactions). It is suggested that paediatric attention should address the understanding of these categories, offering space to "process" what might be interfering in healthy feeding relationships. Final considerations: The study shows the need for empathic containment to receive communications from various levels, both in pediatrics and in psychology. In this partnership, our fields of clinical work, teaching and research are favored to grow, fed by the dialogue and reciprocal exchanges provided by this interface.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosIngestão alimentar entre crianças e adolescentes com excesso de peso: o que mostra o perfil de ácidos graxos da dieta em relação ao grau de processamento de alimentos(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2017-04-26) Almeida, Viviane Bellucci Pires de [UNIFESP]; Domene, Semíramis Martins Álvares [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Diet for overweight children and adolescents is aimed at reducing adipose tissue without compromising the supply of nutrients and bioactive compounds necessary for growth and development. It has been shown that fat intake greater than 35% of dietary energy, with more than 8% saturated fat and 1% trans fat, constitutes a risk factor for chronic diseases. The effects of excess fat intake include an increase in energy density and stimulation of the inflammatory processes related to obesity. The Food Guide for the Brazilian Population highlights the health benefits associated with reducing consumption of ultra-processed foods. However, little is known about dietary fatty acids and food intake as related to the extent of food processing in these life stages. Objective. To analyze the diet of overweight children and adolescents and to assess the association between dietary variables, especially the intake of fatty acids that have been identified as potential modulators of inflammation, according to the extent of food processing. Method. Cross-sectional study based on convenience sampling of 149 overweight schoolchildren ages 8 to 11 in the city of São Paulo. Selected individuals were overweight, with Body Mass Index for age Z score >1. The sample was composed of 149 students and food intake was estimated from responses to an Eating Frequency Questionnaire; the data were processed by the NDS program, which produced the energy and nutrient estimates. The foods were organized in accordance with the NOVA system, which classifies food based on the extend of industrial processing. The difference between the means were tested using Student’s t-test (for categorical variables) or Anova (for variables with more than two categories), using a significance level of 5%. Results: The average age of students was 9.6 years. The average daily energy intake was 2,032 Kcal. Carbohydrates supplied 51.2% of total energy, while proteins accounted for 15.5% and fats 33.3%. The components with the highest prevalence of inadequate intake were calcium and vitamin E (> 81%); vitamin D (> 94%) and saturated fat, dietary fiber and added sugar (> 97%). Approximately 20% of subjects had omega 6:3 ratios above 10:1. All students consumed more omega 6 than recommended and more sodium than the maximum tolerable amount. Among the intake tertiles in group 1 (raw/ minimally processed foods), higher consumption was associated with an increase in the intake of n6 and n3, with a significant reduction in the n6:n3 ratio, while for the tertiles in group 3 (ultra-processed foods), there was a significant increase in both the intake of omega 6 and 3, as in the n6:n3 ratio. Ultra-processed foods represented 36% of total dietary energy intake.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosRazão Ômega-6:Ômega-3 na dieta segundo variáveis sociodemográficas, alimentares e de saúde: estudo de base populacional em Campinas(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2017-06-05) Ghedini, Natalia Simonian Rodrigues Valente [UNIFESP]; Domene, Semíramis Martins Álvares [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Although the effect of diet on health status is widely recognized, few studies have evaluated the profile of fat consumption by the Brazilian population. The imbalance in the consumption of omega-6:omega-3 (n6:n3) fatty acids is related to inflammatory processes that increase the risk of developing non-communicable chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to analyze the associations between the ratio of n6: n3 fatty acids and sociodemographic, food and health variables. This is a research carried out with secondary data from the ISA-Camp, a population-based cross-sectional study with a sample stratified by clusters and in two stages, conducted between 2008-09, in the city of Campinas, SP, Brazil. Fat intake was estimated using the 24-Hour Recall, and data were entered into the Nutrition Data System for Research software. In the analysis of the data, the means of the n6:n3 ratio were calculated according to the independent variables, using simple and multiple linear regression, with significance level of 5%. The food records of 3,303 individuals, aged 10 years or more, were considered. Lower values of the n6:n3 ratio were observed in the strata of adults and elderly (p <0.001), in those who ate fruits, vegetables and milk daily (p <0.01), and in those who were physically active in leisure time (p < 0.009). These findings show the association between eating habits, sociodemographic indicators and the n6:n3 ratio, and may contribute to the elaboration of strategies aimed at the adoption of changes in lifestyle.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Stunting and future risk of obesity: principal physiological mechanisms(Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 2003-01-01) Sawaya, Ana Lydia [UNIFESP]; Roberts, Susan; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Aging at Tufts University Human Nutrition Research CenterThere is a fair amount of epidemiological evidence showing that nutritional stunting causes increased risks of obesity. Obesity is increasing dramatically not only in developed countries but also in developing countries, such as Brazil, especially among the poorer. The mere coexistence of undernutrition and obesity among poor people has a great impact, as the burden in the social, economic, and health care systems is remarkable. In addition, an increasing number of studies have shown that nutritional stunting causes a series of important long-lasting changes such as lower energy expenditure, higher susceptibility to the effects of high-fat diets, lower fat oxidation, and impaired regulation of food intake. These findings suggest that a broader and more detailed understanding of the long-lasting effects of early undernutrition, direct cause of nutritional stunting, is needed. Within this context, we present data of some physiological mechanisms that substantiate the association between previous undernutrition and future obesity.