Navegando por Palavras-chave "GFAP"

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    Long-Term Astroglial Reaction and Neuronal Plasticity in the Subcortical Visual Pathways After a Complete Ablation of Telencephalon in Pigeons (Columba livia)
    (Informa Healthcare, 2009-01-01) Cerutti, Suzete Maria [UNIFESP]; Gomide, Vania Canterucci; Ferrari, Elenis A. de Moraes; Chadi, Gerson; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    This paper analyzes the astroglial and neuronal responses in subtelencephalic structures, following a bilateral ablation of the telencephalon in the Columba livia pigeons. Control birds received a sham operation. Four months later the birds were sacrificed and their brains processed for glial fribillary acid protein (GFAP) and neurofilament immunohistochemistry, markers for astrocytes and neurons, respectively. Computer-assisted image analysis was employed for quantification of the immunoreactive labeling in the nucleus rotundus (N.Rt) and the optic tectum (OT) of the birds. An increased number of GFAP immunoreactive astrocytes were found in several subregions of the N.Rt (p .001), as well as in layers 1, 2cd, 3, and 6 of the OT (p .001) of the lesioned animals. Neurofilament immunoreactivity decreased massively in the entire N.Rt of the lesioned birds; however, remaining neurons with healthy aspect showing large cytoplasm and ramified branches were detected mainly in the periphery of the nucleus. in view of the recently described paracrine neurotrophic properties of the activated astrocytes, the data of the present study may suggest a long-lasting neuroglial interaction in regions of the lesioned bird brain far from injury. Such events may trigger neuronal plasticity in remaining brain structures that may lead spontaneous behavior recovery as the one promoted here even after a massive injury.
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    LONG-TERM TREATMENT WITH STANDARDIZED EXTRACT of GINKGO BILOBA L. ENHANCES the CONDITIONED SUPPRESSION of LICKING in RATS BY the MODULATION of NEURONAL and GLIAL CELL FUNCTION in the DORSAL HIPPOCAMPUS and CENTRAL AMYGDALA
    (Elsevier B.V., 2013-04-03) Oliveira, D. R. [UNIFESP]; Sanada, P. F. [UNIFESP]; Filho, A. C. S. [UNIFESP]; Conceicao, G. M. S. [UNIFESP]; Cerutti, J. M. [UNIFESP]; Cerutti, S. M. [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Our group previously demonstrated that short-term treatment with a standardized extract of Ginkgo biloba (EGb) changed fear-conditioned memory by modulating gene expression in the hippocampus, amygdaloid complex and prefrontal cortex. Although there are few controlled studies that support the long-term use of EGb for the prevention and/or treatment of memory impairment, the chronic use of Ginkgo is common. This study evaluated the effects of chronic treatment with EGb on the conditioned emotional response, assessed by the suppression of ongoing behavior and in the modulation of gene and protein expression. Male adult Wistar rats were treated over 28 days and assigned to five groups (n = 10) as follows: positive control (4 mg kg(-1) Diazepam), negative control (12% Tween 80), EGb groups (0.5 and 1.0 g kg(-1)) and the naive group. the suppression of the licking response was calculated for each rat in six trials. Our results provide further evidence for the efficacy of EGb on memory. for the first time, we show that long-term treatment with the highest dose of EGb improves the fear memory and suggests that increased cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB)-1 and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) mRNA and protein (P < 0.001) in the dorsal hippocampus and amygdaloid complex and reduced growth and plasticity-associated protein 43 (GAP-43) (P < 0.01) in the hippocampus are involved in this process. the fear memory/treatment-dependent changes observed in our study suggest that EGb might be effective for memory enhancement through its effect on the dorsal hippocampus and amygdaloid complex. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of IBRO.
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    Moderate prenatal alcohol exposure alters behavior and neuroglial parameters in adolescent rats
    (Elsevier B.V., 2014-08-01) Brolese, Giovana; Lunardi, Paula; Broetto, Nubia; Engelke, Douglas S. [UNIFESP]; Lirio, Franciane; Batassini, Cristiane; Carolina Tramontina, Ana; Goncalves, Carlos-Alberto; Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); State Univ Rio Grande do Sul
    Alcohol consumption by women during gestation has become increasingly common. Although it is widely accepted that exposure to high doses of ethanol has long-lasting detrimental effects on brain development, the case for moderate doses is underappreciated, and benchmark studies have demonstrated structural and behavioral defects associated with moderate prenatal alcohol exposure in humans and animal models. This study aimed to investigate the influence of in utero exposure to moderate levels of ethanol throughout pregnancy on learning/memory, anxiety parameters and neuroglial parameters in adolescent offspring. Female rats were exposed to an experimental protocol throughout gestation up to weaning. After mating, the dams were divided into three groups and treated with only water (control), non-alcoholic beer (vehicle) or 10% (vv) beer solution (moderate prenatal alcohol exposure - MPAE). Adolescent male offspring were subjected to the plus-maze discriminative avoidance task to evaluate learning/memory and anxiety-like behavior. Hippocampi were dissected and slices were obtained for immunoquantification of GFAP, NeuN, S100B and the NMDA receptor. the MPAE group clearly presented anxiolytic-like behavior, even though they had learned how to avoid the aversive arm. S100B protein was increased in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the group treated with alcohol, and alterations in GFAP expression were also shown. This study indicates that moderate ethanol doses administered during pregnancy could induce anxiolytic-like effects, suggesting an increase in risk-taking behavior in adolescent male offspring. Furthermore, the data show the possibility that glial cells are involved in the altered behavior present after prenatal ethanol treatment. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Neuromodulatory property of standardized extract Ginkgo biloba L. (EGb 761) on memory: Behavioral and molecular evidence
    (Elsevier B.V., 2009-05-07) Oliveira, Daniela R. [UNIFESP]; Sanada, Priscila F. [UNIFESP]; Saragossa Filho, A. C. [UNIFESP]; Innocenti, L. R.; Oler, Gisele [UNIFESP]; Cerutti, Janete M. [UNIFESP]; Cerutti, Suzete M. [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Univ Sao Francisco
    Although it has been suggested that the standardized Ginkgo biloba leaf extract (Egb 761) may have a beneficial effect on memory, the cellular and molecular changes that underlie this process are not yet well defined. the present study evaluated the effects of acute (one dose) or subacute treatments (one daily dose/seven days) with EGb 761 (0.5 g kg(-1) and 1.0 g kg(-1)) on rats submitted to a conditioned emotional response (CER) in comparison with positive (4 mg kg(-1) Diazepam) and negative (12% Tween 80) control groups. To this end, eighty (n = 10/group) adult, male, Wistar rats (+/- 250-300 g) were used in an off-baseline CER procedure. We here observed that the rats submitted to an acute and subacute EGb 761 treatments had acquisition of fear conditioning. Additionally, we investigate if the expression of genes previously associated with classical conditioning (CREB-1 and GAP-43) and new candidate genes (GFAP) are modulated following EGb 761 acute treatment. CREB-1, GAP-43 and GFAP mRNA and protein expressions were evaluated using both quantitative PCR (qPCR) and immunohistochemical analysis, respectively. We here show, for the first time, that EGb 761 modulated GAP-43, CREB-1 and GFAP expression in the prefrontal cortex, amygdala and hippocampus. We observed an underexpression of GAP-43 in all structures evaluated and over-expression of GFAP in the amygdala and hippocampus following acute G. biloba treatment when compared to control group (Tween; p<0.01). GAP-43 expression was decreased in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in the subacute treatment with EGb 761. Subacute treatment with EGb 761 lead to a decreased CREB-1 in mPFC (p<0.001) and increased in the hippocampus to 1.0 g kg(-1) G. biloba group (p<0.001). the results obtained from immunohistochemical analysis support our aforementioned findings and revealed that the changes in expression occurred within specific regions in the areas evaluated. All together, our findings not only provide new evidence for a role of EGb 761 on memory but also identify molecular changes that underlie the fear memory consolidation. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.