Navegando por Palavras-chave "Infant mortality"
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- ItemEmbargoDesenvolvimento de um sistema para o monitoramento e análise da mortalidade infantil na região metropolitana da Baixada Santista(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2009-07-29) Furlan, Luciana Benzoni [UNIFESP]; Alves, Domingos [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Infant mortality is one pointer of the group of pointers of health of the Covenant of the Unified Health System. And in this sense, the metropolitan region of the Baixada Santista has presented the worst pointers of child mortality in São Paulo State in recent years. The objective of this work is to build and evaluate an information system that assists the monitoring and analysis of infant mortality in the metropolitan region of Baixada Santista, with the aim to expanding the preventive capacity of the health sector so that it can improve its activities and resources. The study of the infant mortality distribution triggers off health interventions destined for motherly and child health population. Part of the system allows upgrade and integrate the deaths data and live births in management reports (tables, graphs and maps), which can be used to present the information in the course of the infant mortality study in a municipality or microregion and not only to record the results after study completion. The system used a simple computational tool capable of analyzing and recognizing place and time patterns from different sources at different time, at multiple scales and thus gives managers a computing environment capable of monitoring and analyzing infant deaths patterns in the region. The system constructed was evaluated and considered effective in their proposal. It was observed that the use of the proposed system assists in improving the activities and management of health resources, contributing to the municipal health surveillance modernization, with emphasis on improving the quality of information.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosA expressão da desigualdade social na mortalidade infantil, no município do Embu(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2003) Ventura, Renato Nabas [UNIFESP]; Oliveira, Eleonora Menicucci de [UNIFESP]O objetivo deste trabalho foi construir uma explicacao processual, a luz das classes sociais, para o comportamento da mortalidade infantil no municipio do Embu, estabelecendo uma sintese explicativa para o fenomeno, dentro do marco conceitual da desigualdade social e propondo formas de enfrentamento do problema por meio de acoes de Saúde Publica. E um estudo que se da no campo da medicina e busca outras abordagens, como a das Ciências humanas, em especial a da sociologia, atraves da utilizacao de uma abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa referenciada numa concepcao metodologica denominada paradigma emergente, que se contrapoe ao modelo de racionalidade da Ciência moderna. Parte de um estudo realizado em 1996, que avaliou os diferenciais intra-urbanos atraves da construcao de indicadores compostos para estudo das condicoes de vida nas diferentes areas do municipio e agrega um segundo estudo que utilizou a realizacao de entrevistas fechadas as familias das criancas que faleceram antes de completar um ano de vida, residentes no Embu, nos anos de 1996 e 1997, construindo, com os dados obtidos de fonte secundaria (declaracoes de obito) e de fonte primaria (entrevistas dos dois estudos), categorias analiticas, segundo o lugar que a familia ocupa na estrutura produtiva e as condicoes de reproducao social. Mostrou, apos a analise das categorias - condicoes de vida, trabalho e renda, escolaridade, cenario reprodutivo, acesso a servicos de Saúde, condicoes do meio ambiente - que a forma de ocorrencia dos obitos no primeiro ano de vida e uma expressao das desigualdades sociais que surgem em decorrencia da divisao social do trabalho, da dominacao do capital sobre o trabalho e agravadas pelas condicoes economicas e sociais determinadas pela hegemonia neoliberal. E por fim, discute que o entendimento das inter-relacoes que envolvem o fenomeno da mortalidade infantil tem o objetivo de politizar o enfrentamento do problema, devendo considerar as diferentes oportunidades de acesso aos bens e servicos de cada classe social e, propoe uma intervencao de carater intersetorial e interdisciplinar, como forma de minorar os efeitos da desigualdade, em contraposicao as politicas de focalizacao que visam, unicamente, a diminuicao do coeficiente de mortalidade infantil
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)The expression of vulnerability through infant mortality in the municipality of Embu(Associação Paulista de Medicina - APM, 2008-09-01) Ventura, Renato Nabas [UNIFESP]; Puccini, Rosana Fiorini [UNIFESP]; Silva, Nilza Nunes da [UNIFESP]; Silva, Edina Mariko Koga da [UNIFESP]; Oliveira, Eleonora Menicucci de [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Infant mortality expresses a set of living, working and healthcare access conditions and opens up possibilities for adopting interventions to expand equity in healthcare. This study aimed to investigate vulnerability and the consequent differences in access to health services and occurrences of deaths among infants under one year of age in the municipality of Embu. DESIGN AND SETTING: This was a descriptive study in the municipality of Embu. METHODS: Primary data were collected through interviews with the families of children living in the municipality of Embu who died in the years 1996 and 1997 before reaching one year of age. Secondary data were obtained from death certificates. The variables collected related to living conditions, income, occupation, prenatal care, delivery and the healthcare provided for children. These data were compared with the results obtained from a study carried out in 1996. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were found with regard to income, working without a formal employment contract and access to private health plans among the families of the children who died. There were also differences in access to and quality of prenatal care, frequency of low birth weight and neonatal intercurrences. CONCLUSIONS: The employment/unemployment situation was decisive in determining the degree of family stability and vulnerability to the occurrence of infant deaths, in addition to the conditions of access to and quality of healthcare services.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Índice de Apgar 0 a 3 no 1º e 5º minuto e evolução para óbito infantil: estudo populacional no Estado de São Paulo(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2011-06-29) Viau, Angela Cristina [UNIFESP]; Almeida, Maria Fernanda Branco de [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Objective: To determine the incidence and the infant mortality in newborns with Apgar score 0-3 at both 1 and 5 minutes of life, moreover to identify demographic characteristics associated with infant death. Study Design: cohort study population in the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil collected from the database of Fundacao Seade, consisted of the Certificates of Live Births in 2006 and 2007, and the Certificates of Death from 2006 to 2008, by linking deterministic method. Included were live births without congenital malformations with Apgar score 0-3 at both 1 and 5 minutes of life, confirmed in the original Certificates of Births and/or medical records. Logistic regression was applied to determine the demographic variables present at birth associated with infant death. Results: 1,639 of 1,027,132 live births (1,6/1,000) met study criteria. The infant mortality was 70%. Of 1,075 neonatal deaths, 880 (82%) occurred within 24 hours, of which 477 in the first hour of life. The outcome to infant death was 615 (95%) of newborns with Apgar score 0 or 1 and 532 (54%) with 2 or 3 Apgar score at 5 minutes of life. Of the 25 survivors (median birth weight 3.100g) with Apgar scores of 0 at 1 and 5 minutes of life, half of them had neurological abnormalities during hospitalization. Among the 357 infants with a gestational age of 22-27 weeks and Apgar score 0 or 1 at 5 minutes, the only survivor had neurological abnormalities. In the 235 newborns with birth weight . 2500g and in the 627 premature infants with gestational ages between 22-27 weeks with Apgar score 0-3 at both 1 and 5 minutes who died, 81 (35%) in the first group and 480 (77%) in the second did not show diagnosis of intrauterine hypoxia, birth asphyxia or meconium aspiration syndrome in any line of the Certificate of Death. In the population of newborns with Apgar 0-3 at both 1 and 5 minutes, the independent variables associated with infant death were the Apgar score 0 or 1 at 5 minutes (OR 16.61; 95% CI 11.13 to 24.79), low birth weight (OR 7.52; 5.72 to 9.87), birth in outside the capital (OR 1.74; 1.30 to 2.33) in nonpublic hospital (OR 1.55; 1.18 to 2.04) and at night (OR 1.31; 1.002 to 1.71). Conclusion: This population cohort study showed high infant mortality, predominantly in the first 24 hours after delivery, associated with Apgar score 0 or 1 at 5 minutes of life and low birth weight.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Tendência secular da mortalidade infantil, componentes etários e evitabilidade no estado de São Paulo - 1996 a 2012(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2016-08-16) Areco, Kelsy Catherina Nema [UNIFESP]; Taddei, Jose Augusto de Aguiar Carrazedo [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7949679002889518; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0972823219710090; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Objective: To describe trends and composition of infant mortality rate in the State of São Paulo, from 1996 to 2012. Methods: A time series analysis was conducted, based on official secondary data of births and infant deaths of residents in São Paulo, from 1996 to 2012. The infant mortality rate was calculated by the direct method and was analyzed by graphs and polynomial regression models for age groups (early neonatal, late neonatal and post-neonatal) and for groups of avoidable causes of death. Results: The mortality rate in the State of São Paulo tended to fall, ranging from 22.5 to 11.5 per thousand live births. Half of the infant deaths occurred in the early neonatal group. The proportion of avoidable infant deaths varied from 76.0 to 68.7%. The deaths which were avoidable by adequate attention to women during pregnancy and childbirth and newborn care accounted for 54% of infant deaths throughout the period. Conclusions: The mortality rate levels are still far from those in developed countries, which highlight the need to prioritize access and quality of healthcare services during pregnancy, childbirth and newborn care, especially in the first week of life, aiming at achieving standards of infant mortality similar to those of developed societies.