Navegando por Palavras-chave "Intrauterine growth restriction"

Agora exibindo 1 - 5 de 5
  • Imagem de Miniatura
    Item
    Acesso aberto (Open Access)
    Efeito da restrição proteica gestacional sobre parâmetros morfométricos e metabólicos e sobre o comportamento alimentar na prole de camundongos
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2016-07-31) Silva, Luana Cristina de Almeida [UNIFESP]; D'Almeida, Vania [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7220411418339421; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0784370244797321; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the metabolic and behavioral effects of fetal growth restriction (IUGR) caused by the deficiency of protein during intrauterine life before and after exposure to high-fat diet. Method: After protein restriction (5g protein / 100 g diet, HP diet) in the maternal diet offspring, it was compared with offspring of mothers receiving normal protein diet (20 g protein / 100 g diet, NP diet). After birth, all offspring were suckled by progenitors fed NP diet and, there was adoption of all litters by progenitors fed NP diet. In postnatal day (PND) 28 a total of 51 offspring were distributed into two groups according to the maternal diet, namely: control group (CT, HP maternal diet) and restriction group (RT, NP maternal diet). The offspring were accompanied for 2 months receiving NP diet and, after this period all of them were fed with a high-fat diet with high concentration of saturated fat (31g saturated fat, 100g diet, HL) for about 5 weeks. The body weights of the offspring were accompanied weekly from birth to the 1st month of life and, monthly from 1st month until euthanasia. The naso-anal length was measured in PND30 and PND60. Blood samples were collected in PND30, PND60 and PND90 to assess blood concentrations of glucose, total cholesterol and triglycerides in whole blood and plasma concentrations of insulin and leptin. The animals were subjected to behavioral tests: Novelty suppressed-feeding test and open field. After behavioral assessments, the animals were euthanized by decapitation and had blood, fat, liver, kidney and muscle collected. Data is presented as mean ± standard deviation. Results and conclusions: IUGR decreased the birth weight of offspring and this effect can be observed at other times throughout the study; in males, this restriction reduced the naso-anal growth and altered muscle mass and the proportion of fat after high fat diet consumption. After spending the period stipulated feeding only at HL diet, restricted animals showed elevated plasma insulin. Males and females RT group showed increased locomotor activity, restricted females also had fewer episodes of self-cleaning during behavioral 95 testing and showed a higher consumption of HL diet over time in relation to the females CT group. With these data, we can conclude that the deficiency in maternal nutrition delayed intrauterine growth, and this effect can interfere in the post-natal development, affecting morphometric parameters before and after consumption of a HL diet. After passing through metabolic challenge exposure (HL diet), restricted animals showed elevated plasma insulin, demonstrating that IUGR may influence metabolic signaling involved in energy homeostasis promoted by a nutritional imbalance.
  • Imagem de Miniatura
    Item
    Acesso aberto (Open Access)
    Estresse materno induzido por desnutrição altera o eixo neuroendócrino-imune da prole adulta: implicações na resposta inflamatória pulmonar aguda
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2022-02-24) Gil, Noemi Lourenço [UNIFESP]; Landgraf, Richardt Gama [UNIFESP]; Landgraf, Maristella Almeida Vitta; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0918820835437686; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9656990228494629; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4429680844514988
    Objetivo: Este trabalho procurou investigar as influências da restrição alimentar materna e o estresse materno sobre o eixo hipotálamo-pituitária-adrenal e resposta inflamatória pulmonar aguda da prole adulta. Métodos: No primeiro dia de gestação, ratas Wistar foram separadas em mães controles, mães que receberam 50 % de restrição alimentar em comparação as controles e em mães que, além de receberem 50 % de restrição alimentar, foram tratadas com metirapona (0,5 mg/mL) v.o. durante toda a gestação. Quando a prole de machos atingiram 12 semanas de idade, induziuse a lesão pulmonar aguda, instilando-se lipopolissacarídeo i.n. (750 μg/mL). Decorridas 6h após a instilação, os ratos foram eutanasiados e as amostras foram coletadas para análise. Resultados: Mães que sofreram restrição alimentar apresentaram concentrações elevadas de corticosterona, e apesar do tratamento com metirapona reduzir as concentrações deste hormônio, tanto os filhotes de mães restritas quanto os das restritas tratadas com o fármaco nasceram com baixo peso. Ao se analisar a resposta inflamatória no contexto da lesão pulmonar aguda, observou-se que a prole de mães restritas apresentaram um infiltrado neutrofílico reduzido para os pulmões, acompanhado de um não aumento das citocinas próinflamatórias. Já a prole oriunda de mães restritas, porém tratadas com metirapona, apresentaram infiltrado neutrofílico e produção de citocinas semelhantes ao grupo controle. Observou-se ainda que a prole de mães restritas apresentaram hipercorticosteronemia, já os de mães tratadas, não apresentaram. As concentrações dos hormônios corticosterona e adrenocorticotrófico após estímulo com lipopolissacarídeo, indicaram que tanto a prole de mães restritas quanto os das tratadas com metirapona, desenvolveram uma desregulação do eixo hipotálamopituitária- adrenal, que pode ser tanto uma consequência da superexposição à corticosterona materna, quanto do tratamento das mães com metirapona. Além disso, a própria restrição alimentar provocou alterações estruturais e funcionais na glândula adrenal da prole. Conclusões: Pode-se concluir com este estudo que tanto a restrição alimentar materna quanto o estresse associado a esta condição prejudicam o desenvolvimento fetal, entretanto, o estresse materno per se, pode provocar alterações nos padrões de secreção da corticosterona da prole adulta, influenciando, portanto, nos efeitos anti-inflamatórios do hormônio, alterando desta forma, a resposta imunológica pulmonar frente a um estímulo infeccioso.
  • Nenhuma Miniatura disponível
    Item
    Somente Metadadados
    GFR estimated from cystatin C versus creatinine in children born small for gestational age
    (Elsevier B.V., 2008-06-01) Franco, Maria do Carmo Pinho [UNIFESP]; Nishida, Sonia Kiyomi [UNIFESP]; Sesso, Ricardo de Castro Cintra [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Background: Low birth weight caused by intrauterine growth restriction may be a risk factor for renal impairment in the adult life.Study Design: A cross-sectional study.Setting & Participants: 71 children aged 8 to 13 years living in the community of São Paulo, Brazil, were included in the study. Gestational age was within the normal range.Predictors: Birth weight (range, 2,052 to 3,560 g) divided into quartiles: 2,500 g or less; 2,501 to 2,740 g; 2,741 to 3,000 g; and greater than 3,000 g. Birth weight ascertained by birth records in 43 and by recall in 28 participants.Outcomes & Measurements: Cystatin C, creatinine, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimated by equations using cystatin C (eGFR(cys)) or creatinine (eGFR(cr)).Results: Overall, mean serum creatinine level was 0.8 +/- 0.01 (SE) mg/dL (range, 0.7 to 1.1 mg/dL); mean plasma cystatin C level was 0.9 +/- 0.02 mg/L (range, 0.5 to 1.6 mg/L), and eGFR(cr) and eGFR(cys) were 102.4 +/- 2.16 (range, 66 to 140) and 91.8 +/- 2.46 mL/min/1.73 m(2) (range, 49 to 139 mL/min/1.73 m(2)), respectively. No differences were found for serum creatinine or eGFR(cr) values among the birth-weight quartiles. There was a significant linear trend of increasing cystatin C levels (decreasing eGFR(cys) in the lower birth-weight quartile groups (P = 0.002 and P = 0.02, respectively). Systolic blood pressure correlated with plasma cystatin C level (r = 0.31; P = 0.008) and eGFR(cys) (r = -0.26; P = 0.028). Covariance analysis adjusting for age, sex, body mass index for age compared with standards of the National Center for Health Statistics and expressed as a z score, and systolic blood pressure showed that cystatin C values remained greater in the lowest than highest birth-weight quartile (1.01 +/- 0.05 versus 0.83 +/- 0.05 mg/L; P = 0.02).Limitations: Ascertainment of birth weight by recall in some participants. Lack of measurement of microalbuminuria, absence of direct GFR measurement, and small sample size.Conclusions: Lower birth weight is associated with higher levels of cystatin C but not creatinine in 8-13 yr. old children born full-term.
  • Nenhuma Miniatura disponível
    Item
    Somente Metadadados
    Intrauterine growth restriction increases circulating mitochondrial DNA and Toll-like receptor 9 expression in adult offspring: could aerobic training counteract these adaptations?
    (Cambridge Univ Press, 2017) Oliveira, Vanessa [UNIFESP]; Silva Júnior, Sebastião Donato; Carvalho, Maria Helena Catelli de; Akamine, Eliana Hiromi; Michelini, Lisete Compagno; Franco, Maria do Carmo Pinho [UNIFESP]
    It has been demonstrated that intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) can program increase cardiometabolic risk. There are also evidences of the correlation between IUGR with low-grade inflammation and, thus can contribute to development of several cardiometabolic comorbidities. Therefore, we investigated the influence of IUGR on circulating mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)/Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) and TNF-alpha expression in adult offspring. Considering that the aerobic training has anti-inflammatory actions, we also investigated whether aerobic training would improve these inflammatory factors. Pregnant Wistar rats received ad libitum or 50% of ad libitum diet throughout gestation. At 8 weeks of age, male offspring from both groups were randomly assigned to control, trained control, restricted and trained restricted. Aerobic training protocol was performed on a treadmill and after that, we evaluated circulating mtDNA, cardiac protein expression of TLR9, plasma and cardiac TNF-levels, and left ventricle (LV) mass. We found that IUGR promoted an increase in the circulating mtDNA, TLR9 expression and plasma TNF-alpha levels. Further, our results revealed that aerobic training can restore mtDNA/TLR9 content and plasma levels of TNF-alpha among restricted rats. The cardiac TNF-alpha content and LV mass were not influenced either by IUGR or aerobic training. In conclusion, IUGR can program mtDNA/TLR9 content, which may lead to high levels of TNF-alpha. However, aerobic training was able to normalize these alterations. These findings evidenced that the association of IUGR and aerobic training seems to exert an important interaction effect regarding pro-inflammatory condition and, aerobic training may be used as a strategy to reduce deleterious adaptations in IUGR offspring.
  • Nenhuma Miniatura disponível
    Item
    Somente Metadadados
    Intrauterine growth restriction-induced deleterious adaptations in endothelial progenitor cells: possible mechanism to impair endothelial function
    (Cambridge Univ Press, 2017) Oliveira, Vanessa [UNIFESP]; Souza, Livia Victorino de [UNIFESP]; Fernandes, Tiago; Silva Júnior, Sebastião Donato; Carvalho, Maria Helena Catelli de; Akamine, Eliana Hiromi; Michelini, Lisete Compagno; Oliveira, Edilamar Menezes de; Franco, Maria do Carmo Pinho [UNIFESP]
    Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) can induce deleterious changes in the modulatory ability of the vascular endothelium, contributing to an increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases in the long term. However, the mechanisms involved are not fully understood. Emerging evidence has suggested the potential role of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in vascular health and repair. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effects of IUGR on vascular reactivity and EPCs derived from the peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) in vitro. Pregnant Wistar rats were fed an ad libitum diet (control group) or 50% of the ad libitum diet (restricted group) throughout gestation. We determined vascular reactivity, nitric oxide (NO) concentration, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) protein expression by evaluating the thoracic aorta of adult male offspring from both groups (aged: 19-20 weeks). Moreover, the amount, functional capacity, and senescence of EPCs were assessed in vitro. Our results indicated that IUGR reduced vasodilation via acetylcholine in aorta rings, decreased NO levels, and increased eNOS phosphorylation at Thr495. The amount of EPCs was similar between both groups; however, IUGR decreased the functional capacity of EPCs from the PB and BM. Furthermore, the senescence process was accelerated in BM-derived EPCs from IUGR rats. In summary, our findings demonstrated the deleterious changes in EPCs from IUGR rats, such as reduced EPC function and accelerated senescence in vitro. These findings may contribute towards elucidating the possible mechanisms involved in endothelial dysfunction induced by fetal programming.