Navegando por Palavras-chave "Language Development Disorders"
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- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Caracterização das manifestações lingüísticas de uma família com Síndrome Perisylviana(Pró-Fono Produtos Especializados para Fonoaudiologia Ltda., 2005-12-01) Oliveira, Ecila Paula Dos Mesquita De; Guerreiro, Marilisa Mantovani; Guimarães, Catarina Abraão; Brandão-almeida, Iara Lêda [UNIFESP]; Montenegro, Maria Augusta; Cendes, Fernando; Hage, Simone Rocha De Vasconcellos; Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP)BACKGROUND: perisylvian syndrome refers to a variety of clinical manifestations associated to lesions in the perisylvian or opercular regions. Polymicrogyria is the most common structural malformation found. The syndrome may be inherited and the clinical spectrum includes subtle language disturbances on one end and more severe characteristics such as prominent pseudobulbar signs and refractory epilepsy on the other end. Other studies have already associated perisylvian polymicrogyria with developmental language disorders or specific language impairment. AIM: to describe the language deficits of four members of a family with Perisylvian Syndrome, and to correlate these deficits to neuroimaging data METHOD: the patients underwent neuroimaging investigation, psychological assessment using the Weschler Intelligence Scales, and specific speech-language evaluation. The following tests were used for the assessment of vocabulary, phonology, syntax, pragmatics, reading and writing: Thematical Pictures of Yavas, ABFW - Child Language Test, Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT), and other specific protocols. RESULTS: magnetic resonance imaging revealed perisylvian polymicrogyria in all of the subjects, with varied locations and extensions. Speech-language assessment indicated significant oral and written language deficits in all of the subjects. CONCLUSION: the obtained data indicate that language impairment can co-exist with reading deficits in members of the same family. Neuroimaging findings reveal cortical alterations that are associated to specific language impairments within the spectrum of the Perisylvian Syndrome. Another important aspect evidenced by this study is the similarities in the language profiles of siblings and mother, suggesting that a variety of linguistic manifestations exist within the spectrum of the syndrome. Perisylvian polymicrogyria can be one of the neurobiological malformations involved in the manifestation of these deficits.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Linguagem expressiva de crianças nascidas pré-termo e termo aos dois anos de idade(Pró-Fono Produtos Especializados para Fonoaudiologia Ltda., 2009-06-01) Isotani, Selma Mie; Azevedo, Marisa Frasson de [UNIFESP]; Chiari, Brasilia Maria [UNIFESP]; Perissinoto, Jacy [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)BACKGROUND: expressive language of pre-term children. AIM: to compare the expressive vocabulary of two year-old children born prematurely, to that of those born at term. METHODS: the study sample was composed by 118 speech-language assessment protocols, divided in two groups: the pre-term group (PTG) composed by 58 underweight premature children followed by a multi-professional team at the Casa do Prematuro (House of Premature Children) at UNIFESP, and the full-term group (FTG) composed by 60 full-term born children. In order to evaluate the expressive language of these children, the Lave - Lista de Avaliação do Vocabulário Expressivo (Assessment List of the Expressive Vocabulary) was used. The Lave is an adaptation of the LDS - Language Development Survey - for the Brazilian Portuguese Language. The Lave investigates the expressive language and detects delays in oral language. RESULTS: children born underweight and prematurely present a greater occurrence of expressive language delay, 27.6%. These pre-term children present significantly lower expressive vocabulary and phrasal extension than children of the same age born at full-term in all semantic categories. Family income proved to be positively associated to phrasal extension, as well as to gestational age and weight at birth; thus indicating the effect of these adverse conditions still during the third year of age. The audiological status was associated to word utterances in the PTG. CONCLUSION: children born prematurely and underweight are at risk in terms of vocabulary development; this determines the need for speech-therapy intervention programs.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Narração de histórias por crianças com distúrbio específico de linguagem(Pró-Fono Produtos Especializados para Fonoaudiologia Ltda., 2008-06-01) Befi-lopes, Débora Maria; Bento, Ana Carolina Paiva; Perissinoto, Jacy [UNIFESP]; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)BACKGROUND: narrative abilities provide rich information about the linguistic, cognitive and social competences of children with typical language development and with SLI (Specific Language Impairment). Children with SLI present deficits in speech elaboration, which is generally confusing and repetitive. Furthermore, there may be difficulty with text organization, understanding the underlying time and cause-effect relationships and in the development of the structural knowledge needed for comprehension. AIM: to characterize the narration of stories by children with SLI regarding the type and content of speech and to compare their performance to that of their typically developing peers, matched according to the chronological age. METHOD: two groups participated in this study: Control Group (CG), 24 children with no language deficits and Research Group (RG), 8 children with the diagnosis of SLI. To elicit the narratives, a series of 15 stories were used, represented by illustrations containing four scenes each. These sequences were created and classified as mechanical, behavioral and intentional, according to the relationship established between the characters. RESULTS: children with SLI presented poorer narratives when compared to their typically developing peers, independent of the type of story which was presented. Moreover, children with SLI showed a similar perception of the mental states when compared to children with normal development. CONCLUSIONS: these results indicate that, regardless the type of story, children with SLI have difficulties in the use of language, that is, with the linguistic abilities necessary to narrate stories and not in the perception of the characters' mental state.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Variáveis lingüísticas e de narrativas no distúrbio de linguagem oral e escrita(Pró-Fono Produtos Especializados para Fonoaudiologia Ltda., 2006-08-01) Miilher, Liliane Perroud; Ávila, Clara Regina Brandão de [UNIFESP]; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)BACKGROUND: a study of linguistic and narrative variables in oral and written language disorder. AIM: to characterize the linguistic and narrative productivity, oral and written productions, of scholars with oral and written language disorder. METHOD: oral and written narrative productions of 30 scholars from public schools (male and female aged 7 to 13 years) were compared. These individuals were grouped as follows: Research group (15) and Control group (15). Samples of oral and written narratives of the story Little Red Riding Hood were collected. Comparative analyses were made between the oral and written productions - intragroup (t Student Test and Wilcoxon Test) and intergroup (t Student Test and Mann Whitney Test) - according to the following linguistic variables: total number of words, of nouns, of verbs, of verbs in the past tense, of adjectives, of time markers, of complete statements, of incomplete statements and of reported episodes. Narratives were also compared according to the presence of episodes. RESULTS: differences were observed between the oral and written productions for the research group regarding the total number of produced words (p = 0.018) and the total number of produced verbs (p = 0.030). The use of time markers such as before (p < 0.001), then (p < 0.001), when (p < 0.001), and after (p = 0.003), and the number of reported episodes, also indicated statistical differences when comparing the groups. CONCLUSION: The following variables characterized the research group: longer extensions of oral lexical productivity when comparing these to the written productions, less frequent use of time markers and fewer number of certain episodes in the written modality.