Navegando por Palavras-chave "Lung Cancer"

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    Myeloid-derived suppressor cells and associated events in urethane-induced lung cancer
    (Faculdade de Medicina / USP, 2013-06-01) Teixeira, Daniela [UNIFESP]; Almeida, Joaquim Soares de [UNIFESP]; Visniauskas, Bruna [UNIFESP]; Gomes, Guiomar Nascimento [UNIFESP]; Hirata, Aparecida Emiko [UNIFESP]; Bueno, Valquiria [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    OBJECTIVES: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells contribute to the immunosuppressive microenvironment during tumor development and limit the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. Identifying myeloid-derived suppressor cells and associated factors is the first step in creating strategies to reverse the suppressive effects of these cells on the immune system. METHODS: To induce lung cancer, we administered 2 doses of urethane to BALB/c mice and observed these animals for 120 days. After this period, we evaluated the percentage of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in the blood, lung and bone marrow. The expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin, transforming growth factor-β, Toll-like receptor 2, Toll-like receptor 4, and interleukin-6 was also determined in the lung tissue. RESULTS: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells were increased in all evaluated tissues after lung cancer development in association with increased Toll-like receptor 4 expression and decreased interleukin-6 expression in the lung. We observed alpha-smooth muscle actin and transforming growth factor-β expression in lung nodules. CONCLUSIONS: We believe that the early diagnosis of cancer through determining the blood levels of myeloid-derived suppressor cells followed by the depletion of these cells should be further investigated as a possible approach for cancer treatment.
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    Perda funcional após ressecção de parênquima pulmonar por câncer de pulmão: análise comparativa entre pacientes com e sem DPOC
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2019-02-28) Bedin, Danielle Cristine Campos [UNIFESP]; Faresin, Sonia Maria [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Introduction: Cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) is an important tool for preoperative risk assessment of lung resection for non-small cell lung cancer. However, there are still few studies that evaluated and compared the variables of this test after lung resection considering patients with and without COPD. Objectives: To evaluate respiratory function loss at rest and during exercise in patients with suspected or diagnosed lung cancer who underwent lung resection until lobectomy. We hypothesized that functional loss is lower in COPD patients according to spirometric criteria in relation to those who present normal spirometric values. Methods: Prospective cohort study. Patients were divided into COPD group and Control group according to spirometry. The study was divided in 4 phases: Preoperative - clinical and functional evaluation (spirometry, DLCO and CPET) in order to obtain surgical risk; Intraoperative - to register complications and ASA score; Early postoperative - to register complications, mortality, ICU time and length of hospital stay; Sixth month postoperative - to clinical and functional evaluation (spirometry,DLCO and CPET). The study was powered to detect a 20% difference in the V̇O2PEAK between the groups (β=0.2%; α=0.05). Student's t-test was used for comparison between two independent samples of normal distribution and Mann-Whitney test for comparison between two independent samples of non-normal distribution. For comparison between dependent samples, we used the t-test for normal distribution samples and Wilcoxon test for non-normal distribution samples. Results: Eighteen patients were selected after applying the exclusion criteria, ten to COPD group and eight to Control group. In both groups, the majority of the patients were male. In the COPD group, there were more current smokers and in the Control group more former smokers. Follow-up after six months showed no difference in FVC, FEV1 or DLCO values intra-group. Control group presented a decrease in V̇O2PEAK in the postoperative period (20.8 ± 7.1 mL/kg/min to 16.3 ± 5.3 mL/kg/min). This difference was not observed in the COPD group (15.6 ± 3.7 mL/kg/min to 14.5 ± 4.1 mL/kg/min). In both groups there were no difference in the ΔV̇E/ΔV̇CO2 values, but in COPD group an increase of the ΔV̇E/ΔV̇CO2RCP intercept was observed after surgery (2.9 ± 2.0 L/min to 4.4 ± 2.4 L/min). In the COPD group, post-operative predicted FEV1 and V̇O2PEAK were lower than observed in the postoperative period (54.9 ± 10.7% versus 62.1 ± 14.5%; 12.8 ± 3.6 mL/kg/ min versus 14.5 ± 4.1 mL/kg/ min). Conclusion: The COPD group presented a lower decrease of V̇O2PEAK after surgery, increase of the ΔV̇E/ΔV̇CO2 RCP intercept and overestimation of post-operative functional loss.