Navegando por Palavras-chave "Neuropsychological assessment"

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    Functional magnetic resonance imaging response as an early biomarker of cognitive decline in elderly patients with metabolic syndrome
    (Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2017) Shigaeff, Nadia [UNIFESP]; Amaro, Edson; Franco, Fabio G. M.; Jacinto, Alessandro F. [UNIFESP]; Chiochetta, Gabriela [UNIFESP]; Cendoroglo, Maysa S. [UNIFESP]; Citero, Vanessa A. [UNIFESP]
    Objectives: We assessed whether potential changes in brain activation patterns of elderly individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS) who were cognitively healthy (without mild cognitive impairment or dementia) were associated with cognitive decline in executive function in the short-term. Method: We analyzed 43 individuals (23 MetS, 20 controls) using a global geriatric evaluation, a neuropsychological battery, and task-related (attention) fMRI exam. Correlation analysis between the fMRI signal at baseline and cognitive impairment after 1 year was based on the voxel-based Pearson coefficient, corrected for multiple comparisons. Results: At baseline, MetS patients showed reduced brain response in frontal and parietal regions compared to controls. After one year, the MetS group also showed a decline in verbal fluency performance. fMRI response in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and bilateral parietal lobes was negatively correlated with verbal fluency decline in the MetS group. Discussion: Our results provide an early biomarker of the possible development of cognitive impairment, particularly in the executive function, of elderly individuals suffering from MetS. These findings also point to an up or down regulation which could be interpreted as compensatory mechanism for possible brain tissue burden caused by MetS.
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    Memory impairment is not necessarily related to seizure frequency in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis
    (Wiley-Blackwell, 2014-08-01) Pacagnella, Denise; Lopes, Tatila M.; Morita, Marcia E.; Yasuda, Clarissa L.; Cappabianco, Fabio A. M. [UNIFESP]; Bergo, Felipe; Balthazar, Marcio L. F.; Coan, Ana C.; Cendes, Fernando; Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Objective: To investigate the effect of seizure frequency on memory, we performed a cross sectional study comparing mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) patients with frequent and infrequent seizures.Methods: We performed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) hippocampal volume (HV) measurements and neuropsychological assessment in 22 patients with frequent seizures (at least one dyscognitive seizure [DS] per month) that were refractory to antiepileptic drugs and 20 patients with infrequent seizures (three or less DS per year and no event evolving to a bilateral convulsive seizure), all with MRI signs of hippocampal sclerosis (HS) on visual analysis. We also included 29 controls for comparison of volumetric data.Results: There was no difference in memory performance between patients with frequent seizures and infrequent seizures. We observed a significant bilateral reduction of HV in patients with MTLE when compared to controls (p < 0.001). the degree of hippocampal atrophy (HA) between patients with frequent and infrequent seizures was not different. There was a negative correlation between seizure frequency and HV, with r = -0.3 for the HV ipsilateral to the HS and r = -0.55 for the contralateral side, thus, explaining only 9% and 30% of the HV loss. There was a positive correlation between age of onset and degree of HA (r = 0.37).Significance: Our data suggest that seizure frequency does not explain most of the HV loss or memory impairment in MTLE. Memory impairment appears to be more influenced by hippocampal damage than by seizure frequency. Further studies are necessary to identify the factors that influence memory decline in patients with MTLE.