Navegando por Palavras-chave "Nutrition Disorders"
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- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Prevalência de desnutrição em crianças residentes no Município de Embu, São Paulo, Brasil, 1996-1997(Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 2003-04-01) Strufaldi, Maria Wany Louzada [UNIFESP]; Puccini, Rosana Fiorini [UNIFESP]; Pedroso, Glaura César [UNIFESP]; Silva, Edina Mariko Koga da [UNIFESP]; Silva, Nilza Nunes da; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP)This paper focused on the nutritional profile of children in the municipality of Embu, São Paulo State, Brazil, in 1996-1997, to identify vulnerable population segments that require specific action by health services. The sample consisted of 320 children £ 5 years of age distributed into four socioeconomic strata. The indices were expressed as z-scores: weight/age (W/A), height/age (H/A), and weight/height (W/H) to analyze the nutritional status, and the reference for normality was the NCHS curve. In all population strata and age groups, the height/age index was the most frequently affected, while the weight/height index had the fewest deficits. No statistically significant differences were observed in children's nutritional status between the four population strata or between the different age groups. Children with low birth weight showed the highest prevalence of deficits in all indices. In the municipality, the frequency of deficits were: H/A< 2z: 7.1%, W/H< 2z: 0.2%, and W/A< 2z: 2.9%. Height deficit can be used as an early warning, considering that loss observed over the course of years has future consequences.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Saúde e doença em índios Panará (Kreen-Akarôre) após vinte e cinco anos de contato com o nosso mundo, com ênfase na ocorrência de tuberculose (Brasil Central)(Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 2001-03-01) Baruzzi, Roberto Geraldo [UNIFESP]; Barros, Vera Lucia De; Rodrigues, Douglas [UNIFESP]; Souza, Ana Lucia Medeiros De [UNIFESP]; Pagliaro, Heloisa [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Centro Universitário São CamiloThe Panará, who had previously lived in isolation from Brazilian national society in the Amazon forest, were first contacted in 1973. Two years later they were moved to another area in Central Brazil. During this same period they were reduced to 82 members, the survivors of a population of 400 to 500 in the mid-1960s. In 1995 they returned to a small area in their old territory still not occupied by outsiders. There, three years later, a health survey showed a presumed diagnosis of tuberculosis in 15 individuals out of a population of 181. Further tests in the town of Colider, based on clinical data and chest X-rays, confirmed the diagnosis in 10 Panará (6 children under 10 years of age and 4 adults from 40 to 50 years old). BCG scars were present in the entire population. The nutritional status of Panará children was better than that of other indigenous groups in the Amazon region. The following measures were introduced for Tb control: a) treatment follow-up in the village, under direct supervision by both a nurse and the local indigenous health worker; b) compliance with defined criteria for ending treatment; c) periodic control of contacts and non-contacts; c) and establishment of a reference system with the health services in Colider.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Stunting and future risk of obesity: principal physiological mechanisms(Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 2003-01-01) Sawaya, Ana Lydia [UNIFESP]; Roberts, Susan; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Aging at Tufts University Human Nutrition Research CenterThere is a fair amount of epidemiological evidence showing that nutritional stunting causes increased risks of obesity. Obesity is increasing dramatically not only in developed countries but also in developing countries, such as Brazil, especially among the poorer. The mere coexistence of undernutrition and obesity among poor people has a great impact, as the burden in the social, economic, and health care systems is remarkable. In addition, an increasing number of studies have shown that nutritional stunting causes a series of important long-lasting changes such as lower energy expenditure, higher susceptibility to the effects of high-fat diets, lower fat oxidation, and impaired regulation of food intake. These findings suggest that a broader and more detailed understanding of the long-lasting effects of early undernutrition, direct cause of nutritional stunting, is needed. Within this context, we present data of some physiological mechanisms that substantiate the association between previous undernutrition and future obesity.