Navegando por Palavras-chave "Ovarian follicle"

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    Intrauterine exposure to diesel exhaust diminishes adult ovarian reserve
    (Elsevier B.V., 2013-05-01) Ogliari, Karolyn Sassi; Lichtenfels, Ana Julia de Faria Coimbra; Marchi, Mary Rosa Rodrigues de; Ferreira, Alice Teixeira [UNIFESP]; Dolhnikoff, Marisa; Saldiva, Paulo Hilario Nascimento; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Univ Estate São Paulo; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Objective: To analyze ovarian and uterine morphologic changes resulting from intrauterine and postnatal exposure to diesel exhaust.Design: Crossover study. Experimental groups: intrauterine and postnatal clean air exposure; intrauterine exposure to diesel only; postnatal exposure to diesel only; and intrauterine and postnatal exposure to diesel.Setting: Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution.Animal(s): Swiss mice.Intervention(s): Mice exposed to diesel exhaust with doses that correspond to the daily average PM2.5 levels (fine particles in the ambient air 2.5 mu m or less in size) reported by the World Health Organization.Main Outcome Measure(s): Morphometric analyses of the ovaries and uterus were performed to define the relative area occupied by follicles, corpus luteum, and stroma and the proportionate area of glands, epithelial layer, and stroma within the uterine endometrium. Result(s): A significant reduction in the proportion of primordial follicles was observed in intrauterine-exposed animals, those exposed during the postnatal period, and in animals exposed during both phases. Primary follicle proportion was reduced in animals exposed during pregnancy. No significant changes were detected in uterine morphology.Conclusion(s): Intrauterine exposure to acceptable levels of diesel exhaust compromises the reproductive potential of female mice, diminishing ovarian reserve when sexual maturity is achieved. This effect could increase the risk of premature menopause. the findings raise concern about current environmental guidelines for diesel exposure, warranting more careful examination of this issue in humans by regulatory authorities. ((c) 2013 by American Society for Reproductive Medicine.)
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    Morfologia das células intersticiais de ovários policísticos de ratas: um estudo experimental
    (Federação Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, 2012-07-01) Lombardi, Leonardo Augusto [UNIFESP]; Simões, Ricardo Santos; Maganhin, Carla Cristina [UNIFESP]; Silva, Cecilia Ferreira da; Maciel, Gustavo Arantes Rosa; Baracat, Edmund Chada [UNIFESP]; Soares Júnior, José Maria [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
    PURPOSES: To evaluate the histomorphometry of ovarian interstitial cells, as well as the blood sex steroid concentrations of female rats with polycystic ovaries induced by continuous light. METHODS: Twenty female rats were divided into two groups: Control Group - in the estrous phase (CtrlG), and a group of rats with polycystic ovaries induced by continuous illumination (POG). CtrlG animals were maintained on a light period from 07:00 a.m. to 07:00 p.m., and POG animals with continuous illumination (400 Lux) for 60 days. After this period all animals were anesthetized and blood was collected for the determination of serum estradiol (E2), progesterone (P4), and testosterone (T), followed by removal of the ovaries that were fixed in 10% formalin and processed for paraffin embedding. Five-µm histological sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and used for histomorphometric analysis. Morphological analyses, cyst count, determination of concentration and of the nuclear volume of interstitial cells were performed with the aid of a light microscope adapted to a high resolution camera (AxioCam), whose images were transmitted to and analyzed by the computer using AxioVision Rel 4.8 software (Carl Zeiss). Data were analyzed statistically by the Student's t-test (p<0.05). RESULTS: Morphological analysis showed the presence of ovarian cysts in POG animals and corpora lutea in CtrlG animals, as well as evidence of the origin of interstitial cells from the internal theca of these cysts. POG animals presented increased serum estradiol levels (pg/mL) compared to CtrlG animals (POG=124.9±4.2>CtrlG=73.2±6.5, p<0.05), the same occurring with testosterone levels (pg/mL) (POG=116.9±4.6>CtrlG=80.6±3.9, p<0.05). However, progesterone levels (ng/mL) were higher in CtrlG than in POG animals (CtrlG=16.3±2.0>POG=4.2±1.5, p<0.05). Morphometry showed a significant increase in nuclear volume in POG animals (POG=102.1±5.2>CtrlG=63.6±16.5, p<0.05), as well as in the area occupied (%) by interstitial cells (POG=24.4±6.9>CtrlG=6.9±3.2, p<0.05) compared to CtrlG animals. CONCLUSION: The interstitial cells of the rat polycystic ovary probably originate from ovarian cysts due to the degeneration of granulosa cells and differentiation of the internal theca cells. The elevations of serum testosterone and estradiol were probably due to the significant increase in cell activity and in the area occupied by interstitial cells.