Navegando por Palavras-chave "Perceptual Masking"

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    Efeito da prática musical no reconhecimento da fala no silêncio e no ruído
    (Pró-Fono Produtos Especializados para Fonoaudiologia Ltda., 2006-08-01) Soncini, Fabiana; Costa, Maristela Julio [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Departamento de Otorrino-Fonoaudiologia
    BACKGROUND: auditory training improves the perception of complex acoustic signals as well as the perception of speech. AIM: to verify if auditory training, through the practice of music, has an influence on the ability to recognize speech in quiet and noisy situations. METHOD: participants of this study were 55 individuals, with no musical experience (non-musicians) and 45 professional musicians who had been playing at military bands for at least 5 years (musicians). All of the participants were male right-handed military volunteers, with normal hearing thresholds and with ages varying between 25 and 40 years. Using the Portuguese Sentence Lists (LSP) test, sentence recognition threshold was investigated in quiet (SRTQ) and in noise (SRTN). Based on the obtained data, the signal/noise ratio (S/N) was calculated. The sentences and noise (fixed to 65 dB HL) had a monoaural presentation using headphones. RESULTS: when comparing the performances of both groups, the statistical analysis pointed no significant difference between the mean values obtained for the SRTQ. However, a statistically significant difference was verified between the mean values obtained for the S/N ratio. CONCLUSION: in a quiet situation, musicians and non-musicians had similar performances. However, in the noise situation, musicians presented better performances, indicating that musical practice is an activity that improves the ability of speech recognition when in a noisy environment.
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    Influência do tipo de transdutor no mascaramento em deficiência auditiva condutiva e mista bilateral
    (CEFAC Saúde e Educação, 2012-08-01) Oshiro, Lívia Tamie; Silveira, Marcela Rosana Maia da [UNIFESP]; Gil, Daniela [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    PURPOSE: this study aimed at examining the influence of transducer's type in the amount of masking needed to obtain air and bone conducted thresholds in subjects with conductive and mixed hearing losses. METHOD: 16 patients with symmetric bilateral conductive hearing deficiency or mixed hearing loss with air-bone gap of at least 15dBNA were examined. The subjects underwent clinical history, otoscopy and acoustic immittance measures (tympanometry and acoustic reflex), and subsequently, pure tone and speech audiometry (SRT and WRS). Pure tone threshold and speech audiometry were performed both with supra-aural TDH-39 and insertion earphones ER-3A. RESULTS: there was no statistically significant difference between the ears regardless of the type of transducer. The amount of masking used with the insertion earphone ER-3A in order to test the air thresholds, in the frequencies of 250Hz and 500Hz, was lower than the one used with supra-aural headset with statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: transducer's type influences in the amount of masking used in order to obtain air and bone conducted thresholds, mainly in the low frequencies, whereas the amount of masking with the insertion phone is smaller, both for testing the air as well as the bone thresholds.