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    Ação antiaterogênica dos polissacarídeos sulfatados na disfunçãovascular e aterosclerose no modelo ApoE-/-
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2020-12-18) Palomino, Carlos Modesto Vera [UNIFESP]; Lima, Marcelo Andrade De [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo
    Sulphated polysaccharides (SPs) are a group of macromolecules found in different classes of organisms. The interest in these compounds is mainly due to its known pharmacological actions such as antioxidant, antitumor, anticoagulant, antithrombotic and antilipidemic activity. The role of SP in reactivity and glycocalyx recovery is known but its effect as a possible anti-atherogenic drug is unknown. Currently, there are several treatments for vascular dysfunction; however, they do have some adverse effects. Thus, the use of sulphated polysaccharides could be considered as an alternative for the treatment of vascular dysfunction such as atherosclerosis and hypertension. Evaluate the action of SP on the integrity and distribution of atherogenic plaques throughout the aorta of treated mice and their relaxation activity in rat rings. Male mice (C57BL/6J and ApoE -/- ) received a 32% kcal atherogenic diet throughout 32 weeks combined with treatment with SPs and placebo. Then, they were euthanized, and their aorta analyzed by a combination of microscopy techniques. Confocal and Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering microscopy were used to characterize proteoglycans, lipids and collagen distribution. Standard optic microscopy (Hematoxylin/Eosin and Oil Red O staining) was used to study aorta integrity. Vasorelaxation was tested in rat aorta rings pre-treated with epinephrine and treated with SPs in an organ bath. The experiments followed the ethics committee. Differences in weight, plaque structure and distribution as well as aorta integrity were analyzed and compared between groups. SPs treatment reduced plaque formation and distribution throughout the aorta. Differences in aorta integrity were also found. SPs treatment reduced the atherogenic plaque formation hallmarks and induced relaxation effects. SPs treatment attenuated the formation of atheroma plaque and it caused relaxation of the aorta rings.