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- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Cura Encantada: Medicina Tradicional e Biomedicina entre os Pankararu do Real Parque em São Paulo(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2011-02-22) Lopes, Rafael da Cunha Cara [UNIFESP]; Pereira, Pedro Paulo Gomes [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)This essay seeks to approach the Pankararu concepts of healing and their relations with Biomedicine. Although Pankararu originate from the region of São Francisco submid, in the State of Pernambuco, after an intense process of migration, many ofthem took up residence in the shantytown of Real Parque, in São Paulo city. This study focuses on the Pankararu of Real Parque. This paper describes parts of the Pankararu cosmology and their traditional ways ofhealing, seeking to understand the integration of these practices with biomedical care in São Paulo city. I describe,then, how this integration occurs, pointing out the conflictsand the processes of "translation" and their redefinition of ritual elements to the urban context. The growing number of ethnic groups living in the metropolis raises questions aboutthe transformation and upgrading of their speech es. This ethnography aims to explainhow this movement takes place and the forms of identity affirmation and political achievements, especially in the health field.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Estudo da micobiota em conjuntiva sadia de diabéticos, residentes na área urbana da cidade de São Paulo - Brasil(Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, 2006-02-01) Andrade, Alfredo José Muniz de [UNIFESP]; Hofling-Lima, Ana Luisa [UNIFESP]; Yu, Maria Cecília Zorat [UNIFESP]; Godoy, Patricio [UNIFESP]; Gompertz, Olga Fischman [UNIFESP]; Bonfim, Sabrina de Souza [UNIFESP]; Andrade, Francisco Eudes Muniz de; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Federal de PernambucoPURPOSE: To determine the mycobiota of the healthy conjunctiva in diabetic individuals, according to diabetes type, age, sex, disease time, type of treatment, and stage of diabetic retinopathy of the individuals. To identify the anemophilus mycobiota in the sampling rooms. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 803 diabetics who reside in the urban area of São Paulo-SP/Brazil. Sabouraud's dextrose agar culture with chloramphenicol was used for primoisolation, and the key of De Hoog was used to identify filamentous fungi. RESULTS: Of the evaluated diabetics, 6.6% (53/803) presented type 1 diabetes and 93.4% (750/803) type 2. The positive cultures for fungi in the conjunctiva of diabetics was 4.2% (34/803), with 1.9% (1/53) in type 1 diabetics and 4.4% (33/740) in type 2 diabetics (p=0.720). With respect to the presence or not of isolated fungi, there was no statistically significant association regarding age (p=0.575), sex (p=0.517), disease time (p=0.633), type of treatment (p=0.422), and diabetic retinopathy stage (p=0.655) of the tested individuals. The identified fungi were all filamentous: Aspergillus spp. represented 59.5% (25/42) of isolations and 47.6% (20/42) of isolated species were Aspergillus niger. Growth of anemophilus fungi occurred in the air of the room and coincidences were observed between the isolated species from the air and those from the conjunctiva. CONCLUSIONS: Presence of mycobiota in healthy conjunctivas of diabetics was identified, with no significant association between the greater number of positive fungi isolations and the type of diabetes, age, sex, disease type, type of treatment, and stage of diabetic retinopathy. In the collection rooms, anemophilus mycobiota was identified.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Geographical stratification by socio-economic status: methodology from a household survey with elderly people in S. Paulo, Brazil(Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo, 1989-12-01) Ramos, Luiz Roberto [UNIFESP]; Goihman, Samuel [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de São Paulo Cooordenação do Programa de Saúde do Idoso; Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de São Paulo Centro de Informação em SaúdeConsidering that in most developing countries there are still no comprehensive lists of addresses for a given geographical area, there has always been a problem in drawing samples from the community, ensuring randomisation in the selection of the subjects. This article discusses the geographical stratification by socio-economic status used to draw a multistage random sample from a community-based elderly population living in a city like S. Paulo - Brazil. Particular attention is given to the fact that the proportion of elderly people in the total population of a certain area appeared to be a good discriminatory variable for such stratification. The validity of the stratification method is analysed in the light of the socio-economic results obtained in the survey.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Padrões de violência domiciliar associada ao uso de álcool no Brasil(Rev. Saúde Pública [online], 2009-01-28) Fonseca, Arilton Martins [UNIFESP]; Galduróz, José Carlos Fernandes [UNIFESP]; Tondowski, Cláudia Silveira [UNIFESP]; Noto, Ana Regina [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6721302687122326
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among children of low socioeconomic level in São Paulo(Associação Paulista de Medicina - APM, 2010-07-01) Miranda, Áurea Cristina Portorreal [UNIFESP]; Machado, Rodrigo Strehl [UNIFESP]; Silva, Edina Mariko Koga da [UNIFESP]; Kawakami, Elisabete [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Helicobacter pylori infection is mainly acquired during childhood, and is associated with significant morbidity in adults. The aim here was to evaluate the seroprevalence and risk factors of H. pylori infection among children of low socioeconomic level attended at a public hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study, among patients attended at an outpatient clinic. METHODS: 326 children were evaluated (150 boys and 176 girls; mean age 6.82 ± 4.07 years) in a cross-sectional study. Patients with chronic diseases or previous H. pylori treatment, and those whose participation was not permitted by the adult responsible for the child, were excluded. The adults answered a demographic questionnaire and blood samples were collected. The serological test used was Cobas Core II, a second-generation test. Titers > 5 U/ml were considered positive. RESULTS: H. pylori infection was diagnosed in 116 children (35.6%). Infected children were older than uninfected children (7.77 ± 4.08 years versus 5.59 ± 3.86 years; p < 0.0001). The seroprevalence increased from 20.8% among children aged two to four years, to 58.3% among those older than 12 years. There were no significant relationships between seropositivity and gender, color, breastfeeding, number of people in the home, number of rooms, bed sharing, living in a shantytown, maternal educational level, family income or nutritional status. In multivariate analysis, the only variable significantly associated with H. pylori seropositivity was age. CONCLUSION: Infection had intermediate prevalence in the study population, and age was associated with higher prevalence.