Navegando por Palavras-chave "Respiratory diseases"

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    Atelectasias em pediatria: mecanismos, diagnóstico e tratamento
    (Associação Médica Brasileira, 2008-10-01) Johnston, Cíntia [UNIFESP]; Carvalho, Werther Brunow de [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    OBJECTIVE: To review the literature about mechanisms, diagnosis and treatment of atelectasis in the pediatric patient. METHODS: An electronic data search was carried out in Medline and Scielo using the following inclusion criteria for articles published between 1960 and 2007 about: atelectasis etiology, physiopathology, functional consequences, evaluation, prevention, treatment and complications, in pediatrics. The used key words were atelectasis, children, pediatrics, mucus plugs, chest physiotherapy; RESULTS: 45 pulmonary atelectasis articles were analyzed, 17 of them in pediatrics. Of the pediatric, 13 were case series, 3 literature reviews and one a case report. This demonstrates that there were few articles on atelectasis during the reviewed period and that these articles were at the D and E evidence level. CONCLUSION: No clinical trials were performed to identify s the most efficient treatment for atelectasis in the pediatric patient. Although clinical practice for treatment of atelectasis has evolved, mostly due to improvement of bronchoscopy and chest physiotherapy techniques, there is still a need to perform randomized clinical trials to address treatment of atelectasis in the pediatric patient.
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    Reduction in hospitalizations of children
    (Wiley-Blackwell, 2008-12-01) Santos, Erica; Sousa, Alexandre Goncalves de; Lerner Marques, Ana Paula; Bussamra, Maria Helena C. F.; Zukerman, Eliova [UNIFESP]; Schvartsman, Claudio; HIAE; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Aim: the aim of the study was to reduce the number of hospitalizations in a population of children enrolled in the Einstein Program of the Paraisopolis Community, in São Paulo, Brazil, particularly hospitalizations caused by respiratory diseases.Methods: All hospitalizations of this paediatric population enrolled in the Einstein Program of the Paraisopolis Community Outpatient Clinic were followed up between 2002 and 2004. the following four strategies to reduce or control respiratory diseases with an impact on hospitalizations were established: specific protocol, educational activities, vaccination against pneumococci and vaccination against influenza.Results: in 2002, 1025 hospitalizations due to all causes were recorded. This number significantly decreased to 862 hospitalizations in 2004 after implementation of the program, corresponding to a reduction of 15.9% (p < 0.0001). Hospitalizations due to respiratory diseases decreased by 23.37% (p < 0.02), and those due to cases of wheezing bronchitis fell by 51.61% (p < 0.001).Conclusion: the strategies chosen and implemented in the Einstein Program of the Paraisopolis Community Outpatient Clinic over the first 6 months of 2003 were effective in reducing the number of children's hospital admissions due to respiratory disease.