Navegando por Palavras-chave "Rosaceae"

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    Genotoxic assessment of Rubus imperialis (Rosaceae) extract in vivo and its potential chemoprevention against cyclophosphamide-induced DNA damage
    (Elsevier B.V., 2014-05-14) Costa Rodrigues Alves, Ana Beatriz; Santos, Rafaella Souza dos; Calil, Susana de Santana; Niero, Rivaldo; Lopes, Jhonny da Silva; Perazzo, Fabio E. [UNIFESP]; Pires Rosa, Paulo Cesar [UNIFESP]; Andrade, Sergio Faloni; Cechinel-Filho, Valdir; Maistro, Edson Luis; Univ Estadual Paulista; Univ Vale Itajai; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Ethnopharmacological relevance: Rubus imperialis Cham. Schl. (Rosaceae) is frequently used in traditional medicine as hypoglycemic, antinociceptive and antiviral remedy.Materials and methods: Swiss albino mice were distributed in eight groups for acute treatment with Rubus imperialis extract (24 h). the extract doses selected were 50, 250 and 500 mg/kg b.w. administered by gavage alone or plus to CPA (50 mg/kg b.w.) administered by intraperitoneal injection. Control groups were treated in a similar way. Analyses were performed using the comet assay, on leukocytes (collected 4 and 24 h after treatment) and liver (collected 24 h after treatment), and using the micronucleus test (MN) in bone marrow cells. Cytotoxicity was assessed by scoring 200 consecutive polychromatic (PCE) and normochromatic (NCE) erythrocytes (PCE/NCE ratio).Results and conclusion: the main compounds identified in the Rubus imperialis extract were saponins and steroidal compounds, with niga-ichigoside and tormentic acid being the major compounds. Tested doses of Rubus imperialis extract showed no genotoxic effects on leukocytes from peripheral blood or liver cells by the comet assay. However, the MN test showed an increase in the frequency of micronucleated cells at the two higher doses tested, indicating that this extract has clastogenic/aneugenic effects on bone marrow cells at higher doses. On the other hand, for all cells evaluated, the three tested doses of the Rubus imperialis extract promoted inhibition of DNA damage induced by CPA. Despite the chemoprevention observed, the clastogenicity/aneugenicity observed suggested caution about either continuous or high-dose usage of Rubus imperiale aerial parts extract by humans. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    In vivo evaluation of the genetic toxicity of Rubus niveus Thunb. (Rosaceae) extract and initial screening of its potential chemoprevention against doxorubicin-induced DNA damage
    (Elsevier B.V., 2015-04-22) Tolentino, Flora; Arai, Priscila Alves de; Marques, Eduardo de Souza; Petreanu, Marcel; Andrade, Sergio Faloni de; Niero, Rivaldo; Perazzo, Fabio F. [UNIFESP]; Pires Rosa, Paulo Cesar; Maistro, Edson Luis; Univ Estadual Paulista UNESP; Univ Vale Itajai UNIVALI; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)
    Ethnopharmacological relevance: Rubus niveus Thunb. plant belongs to Rosaceae family and have been used traditionally to treat wounds, burns, inflammation, dysentery, diarrhea and for curing excessive bleeding during menstrual cycle. the present study was undertaken to investigate the in vivo genotoxicity of Rubus niveus aerial parts extract and its possible chemoprotection on doxorubicin (DXR)-induced DNA damage. in parallel, the main phytochemicals constituents in the extract were determined.Materials and methods: the animals were exposed to the extract for 24 and 48 h, and the doses selected were 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg b.w. administered by gavage alone or prior to DXR (30 mg/kg b.w.) administered by intraperitoneal injection. the endpoints analyzed were DNA damage in bone marrow and peripheral blood cells assessed by the alkaline alkaline (pH > 13) comet assay and bone marrow micronucleus test.Results and conclusion: the results of chemical analysis of the extract showed the presence of tormentic acid, stigmasterol, quercitinglucoronide (miquelianin) and niga-ichigoside F1 as main compounds. Both cytogenetic endpoints analyzed showed that there were no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) between the negative control and the treated groups with the two higher doses of Rubus niveus extract alone, demonstrating absence of genotoxic and mutagenic effects. Aneugenic/clastogenic effect was observed only at 2000 mg/kg dose. On the other hand, in the both assays and all tested doses were observed a significant reduction of DNA damage and chromosomal aberrations in all groups co-treated with DXR and extract compared to those which received only DXR. These results indicate that Rubus niveus aerial parts extract did not revealed any genotoxic effect, but presented some aneugenic/clastogenic effect at higher dose; and suggest that it could be a potential adjuvant against development of second malignant neoplasms caused by the cancer chemotherapic DXR. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Pharmacological evaluation of a phytotherapeutic product - CPV (dry extract of Crataegus oxyacantha L., Passiflora incarnata L. and Valeriana officinalis L.) in laboratory animals
    (Sociedade Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 2009-03-01) Tabach, Ricardo [UNIFESP]; Mattei, Rita [UNIFESP]; Carlini, Elisaldo Araujo [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    The aim of the present study was to evaluate the central effects of the phytotherapeutic product-CPV (dry extract of Crataegus oxyacantha, Passiflora incarnata and Valeriana officinalis) in animals models. In order to investigate the psychopharmacological profile of CPV extract, an evaluation toward anxiolytic effect of this extract on the elevated plus-maze (EPM) was carried out. Other effects such as neuroleptic (blockade of the stereotyped behavior induced by apomorphine), analgesic (hot plate; acetic acid writhing and tail-flick tests) and on the memory (passive avoidance test) were also analyzed. CPV extract (430 and 860 mg/ kg) presented an anxiolytic effect on rats (increased the number of entries into the open arms in the EPM) and, furthermore, a tendency of slight amnesic effect for the doses (430 and 860 mg/kg), but less intense when compared to diazepam (1.5 mg/kg). The extract did not show neuroleptic or analgesic effects.