Navegando por Palavras-chave "Serology"

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    Bordetella pertussis infection in paediatric healthcare workers
    (W B Saunders Co Ltd, 2015-06-01) Cunegundes, K. S. A. [UNIFESP]; Moraes-Pinto, M. I. de [UNIFESP]; Takahashi, T. N. [UNIFESP]; Kuramoto, D. A. B. [UNIFESP]; Weckx, L. Y. [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    An increased incidence of pertussis has been observed recently in adults, and healthcare workers (HCWs) are considered a risk group for transmission to infants. Prevalence of recent pertussis infection was assessed in HCWs from a paediatric department of a tertiary care hospital in Brazil. Serum pertussis toxin IgG antibodies were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. of 388 HCWs included in the analysis, 6.4% had serology suggestive of recent infection. Medical residents [odds ratio (OR): 4.15; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.42-12.14; P = 0.009] and those working >40 h a week (OR: 3.29; 95% CI: 1.17-9.26; P = 0.024) had increased risk of pertussis infection. (C) 2015 the Healthcare Infection Society. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Estudo prospectivo de gestantes e seus bebês com risco de transmissão de toxoplasmose congênita em município do Rio Grande do Sul
    (Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical - SBMT, 2003-07-01) Spalding, Sílvia Maria; Amendoeira, Maria Regina R.; Ribeiro, Luis Carlos; Silveira, Claudio Alberto Magalhaes [UNIFESP]; Garcia, Aparecida P.; Camillo-coura, Léa; Fundação Estadual de Produção e Pesquisa em Saúde Secretaria da Saúde do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul Laboratório Central do Estado; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Faculdade de Farmácia; Fundação Oswaldo Cruz Instituto Oswaldo Cruz Departamento de Protozoologia; Hospital da Criança Santo Antônio; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Fundação Oswaldo Cruz Instituto Fernandes Figueira Departamento de Anatomia Patológica; Fundação Oswaldo Cruz Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Departamento de Ciências Biológicas
    This study followed up 2,126 pregnant women cared for at SUS day-care clinics (Public Health Insurance System) of the northwest of the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. After serological screening we performed a follow up of all pregnant women and their babies. Serologic tests included: IgG, IgM, IgA and IgG avidity levels, mice inoculation and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) also placentas and umbilical materials were tested using immunoperoxidase as well as clinical evaluation. Of all the pregnant women screened, 74.5% were reactive to toxoplasmosis, and 3.6% presented IgM seropositivity. At ophthalmic evaluation ten women had ocular lesions and one infant presented eye lesions and brain calcification. The presence of anti-T.gondii specific IgM throughout the entire pregnancy did not characterize acute phase infection, for this, complementary tests were necessary. The importance is underscored for attendance of the newborn of mothers presenting serology compatible with this infection even in the absence of signs and symptoms of congenital toxoplasmosis.
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    Human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 and the prognosis of head and neck cancer in a geographical region with a low prevalence of HPV infection
    (Springer, 2014-04-01) Mendoza Lopez, Rossana Veronica; Levi, Jose Eduardo; Eluf-Neto, Jose; Koifman, Rosalina Jorge; Koifman, Sergio; Curado, Maria Paula; Michaluart-Junior, Pedro; Alves Figueiredo, David Livingstone; Saggioro, Fabiano Pinto; Carvalho, Marcos Brasilino de; Kowalski, Luiz Paulo; Abrahão, Marcio [UNIFESP]; Gois-Filho, Francisco de; Tajara, Eloiza Helena; Waterboer, Tim; Boffetta, Paolo; Brennan, Paul; Wuensch-Filho, Victor; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Hosp Canc Barretos; Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz; Hosp Araujo Jorge; Int Prevent Res Inst; Hosp Heliopolis; Hosp Canc AC Camargo; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Inst Canc Arnaldo Viera Carvalho; Fac Med Sao Jose Rio Preto; German Canc Res Ctr; Mt Sinai Sch Med; Int Agcy Res Canc
    The role of human papillomavirus (HPV) on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) survival in regions with low HPV prevalence is not yet clear. We evaluated the HPV16 infection on survival of HNSCC Brazilian patient series.This cohort comprised 1,093 HNSCC cases recruited from 1998 to 2008 in four Brazilian cities and followed up until June 2009. HPV16 antibodies were analyzed by multiplex Luminex assay. in a subset of 398 fresh frozen or paraffin blocks of HNSCC specimens, we analyzed for HPV16 DNA by L1 generic primer polymerase chain reaction. HNSCC survival according to HPV16 antibodies was evaluated through Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression.Prevalence of HPV16 E6 and E6/E7 antibodies was higher in oropharyngeal cancer than in other head and neck tumor sites. HPV16 DNA positive in tumor tissue was also higher in the oropharynx. Seropositivity for HPV16 E6 antibodies was correlated with improved HNSCC survival and oropharyngeal cancer. the presence of HPV16 E6/E7 antibodies was correlated with improved HNSCC survival and oropharyngeal cancer survival. the death risk of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients HPV16 E6/E7 antibodies positive was 78 % lower than to those who test negative.Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma is less aggressive in the HPV16 E6/E7 positive serology patients. HPV16 E6/E7 antibody is a clinically sensible surrogate prognostic marker of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
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    Importância dos testes sorológicos para o diagnóstico de paracoccidioidomicose por paracoccidioides lutzii
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2018-07-26) Angelo, Patricia Del [UNIFESP]; Camargo, Zoilo Pires de [UNIFESP]
    Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is an endemic systemic mycosis, caused by the thermodymorphic fungus Paracoccidioides spp., being of great interest to the countries of Latin America, mainly to Brazil. Two different species have been identified: Paracoccidioides brasiliensis (with three cryptic species S1, PS2 and PS3) and Paracoccidioides lutzii. It presents at 25ºC in filamentous phase and at 37ºC in yeast phase, its dimorphism seems to be directly linked to the virulence. PCM is a fungal infection that can lead the individual to various sequelae and even death. For this reason it is very important the diagnosis to initiate the appropriate therapy cure of the patient. Serological tests are essential indirect methods used in the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease, in which specific antigens and antibodies are screened in the patient's serum. In order to increase the specificity and sensitivity of the serological tests it is advisable to use two or more serological tests for a definitive diagnosis. Among the techniques used, doubleagarose gel (ID), easy to handle and run immunodiffusion and conventional enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) are the most commonly used in routine diagnostic laboratories. In this investigation we intend to show the importance of the serological tests for the diagnosis of PCM, through two different methodologies, Immunodiffusion and Elisa with the intention of verifying the feasibility of the techniques used for the detection of antiP antibodies. lutzii in the sera of PCM patients by P. lutzii using complex antigenic preparations.
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    Marcadores sorológicos e genéticos da hanseníase em uma comunidade indígena no estado do Acre
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2019-06-27) Teles, Stefanie Ferreira [UNIFESP]; Gamba, Monica Antar [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Introduction: Leprosy, although presenting a decrease in the number of new cases since the introduction of polychemotherapy (MDT), remains endemic in countries such as India, Brazil, Indonesia, among others, persisting as a public health problem. In the indigenous population of Brazil the coefficient of detection of leprosy is in a situation of high endemicity. Purpose: To analyze the anti-PGL-I and anti-LID-I antibody titers by the anti-PGL-I ELISA and the NDO-LID lateral flow rapid test and compare with HLA alleles identified in the study population. Method: A cross-sectional, clinical study carried out in two indigenous villages, Barão and Ipiranga, in the municipality of Mâncio Lima, Acre. 10 ml blood was collected by venipuncture of the brachial vein, packed in a tube with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) for the determination of anti-PGL-I IgM antibodies by the ELISA method, the NDO-LID lateral flow test and typing of the HLA class alleles I (A *, B * and C * loci) and II (loci DRB1 * and DQB1 *) by LabType ™ (One-Lambda-USA) technique. The frequency of the alleles was obtained by direct counting. Bivariate analyzes were performed using Pearson's Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. The adjustment was performed using the binary logistic regression technique and the threshold for statistical significance was set at the alpha level of 5% (p <0.05). The results were presented in Odds Ratio with 95% confidence interval (95% CI). The degree of agreement between the techniques was evaluated by the Cohen Kappa Index. Results: The study evaluated a sample of 285 individuals, most of whom lived in the Barão village (54%), Puyanawa ethnic group (79%), male (51%), less than nine years old schooling (44%), with a family income of less than a minimum salarie wage (56%), young adults (48%), residing in houses with a wooden structure and masonry (52%) with more than 4 rooms (85%) and more than 4 residents per household 58%). Seropositivity was identified by the NDO-LID rapid test in 70 individuals (24.56%) and the PGL-I ELISA test in 30 individuals (10.53%). The concordance between NDO-LID and ELISA-PGL-I results showed a Kappa (Cohen) index of 0.39 indicating a regular and significant agreement. There was a positive association with a chance of seropositivity to antibodies to PGL-I of almost 4 times more for residents in the Ipiranga village than in the Barão. The most common HLA alleles were A * 02: 01 (59.6%), B * 40: 02 (32.1%), C * 04: 01 (26.8%), DRB1 * 16: 02 (45.4%), DQA1 * 05:05 (48.8%) and DQB1 * 03: 01 (68.9%), respectively. In the Barão village, a significant association was found between the NDO-LID1 positive test with the HLA-A * 02 and HLA-B * 53 alleles. In the Ipiranga village there was a significant association of the HLA-B * 15 allele with negative result for the NDO-LID1 test. In the typing of the HLA alleles of the population of the two villages, the HLA-B * 40 allele and HLA-C * 03 were associated with a positive serological response to aPGL-I. Conclusion: Extensive potential for subclinical infection as well as continuous contact with M.leprae. Residing in the Ipiranga village showed the likelihood of presence of aPGL-I seropositivity indicating a nearly 4-fold higher chance of having positive anti-PGL-I ELISA (OR: 3.7). On the genetic analysis, a strong link was found with the Terena lineage and the influence of the HLA class I and II molecules on seroconversion to the NDO-LID1 leprosy and PGL-1 ELISA leprosy tests.
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    Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among children of low socioeconomic level in São Paulo
    (Associação Paulista de Medicina - APM, 2010-07-01) Miranda, Áurea Cristina Portorreal [UNIFESP]; Machado, Rodrigo Strehl [UNIFESP]; Silva, Edina Mariko Koga da [UNIFESP]; Kawakami, Elisabete [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Helicobacter pylori infection is mainly acquired during childhood, and is associated with significant morbidity in adults. The aim here was to evaluate the seroprevalence and risk factors of H. pylori infection among children of low socioeconomic level attended at a public hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study, among patients attended at an outpatient clinic. METHODS: 326 children were evaluated (150 boys and 176 girls; mean age 6.82 ± 4.07 years) in a cross-sectional study. Patients with chronic diseases or previous H. pylori treatment, and those whose participation was not permitted by the adult responsible for the child, were excluded. The adults answered a demographic questionnaire and blood samples were collected. The serological test used was Cobas Core II, a second-generation test. Titers > 5 U/ml were considered positive. RESULTS: H. pylori infection was diagnosed in 116 children (35.6%). Infected children were older than uninfected children (7.77 ± 4.08 years versus 5.59 ± 3.86 years; p < 0.0001). The seroprevalence increased from 20.8% among children aged two to four years, to 58.3% among those older than 12 years. There were no significant relationships between seropositivity and gender, color, breastfeeding, number of people in the home, number of rooms, bed sharing, living in a shantytown, maternal educational level, family income or nutritional status. In multivariate analysis, the only variable significantly associated with H. pylori seropositivity was age. CONCLUSION: Infection had intermediate prevalence in the study population, and age was associated with higher prevalence.
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    Soroprevalência e manifestações da Toxoplasmose ocular em pacientes com Esquizofrenia
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2019-08-29) Morais, Fabio Barreto [UNIFESP]; Muccioli, Cristina [UNIFESP]; Arantes, Tiago Eugênio Faria e [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6878707435322084; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4512517971941945; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1339675376647768; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Objectives: To investigate the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and perform ophthalmic examination in patients with schizophrenia and controls to identify lesions suggestive of ocular toxoplasmosis. Questionnaire on risk factors for toxoplasmosis was applied. Methods: Thirty-four patients with schizophrenia and 85 healthy controls were submitted to serology for toxoplasmosis and ophthalmologic examination. A questionnaire was applied to evaluate contact with cats, presence of cats in the region, filtered water consumption, consumption of undercooked meat, contact with sand tanks, bathing in rivers, schooling and family income. Results: Patients with schizophrenia had a higher prevalence of IgG positive than controls (91.18% [95% confidence interval (CI), 77.04%−96.95%] vs. 70.59% [95% CI, 60.18%−79.21%], p = 0.017). One (3%) schizophrenic patient and two (2.4%) controls presented fundoscopic scarring. The schizophrenia group showed contact with the absent cat, with little and a lot respectively in 20 (58.8%), 4 (11.8%), 10 (29.4%); the control, in 25 (29.4%), 45 (52.9%), 15 (17.6%). In the schizophrenia group, the presence of cats in the region was absent, little and much respectively in 4 (11.8%), 15 (44.1%), 15 (44.1%); in the control group, in 10 (11.8%), 35 (41.2%), 40 (47%). In the schizophrenia group, the consumption of filtered water was never, sometimes and always respectively in 9 (26.5%), 20 (58.8%), 5 (14.7%); in the control group, in 35 (41.2%), 45 (52.9%), 5 (5.9%). In the schizophrenia group, the consumption of malted meat was never, at times and frequently respectively in 20 (58.8%), 12 (35.3%), 2 (5.9%); in the control group, in 50 (58.8%), 30 (35.3%), 5 (5.9%). In the schizophrenia group, contact with sand tanks was never, at times and frequently respectively in 5 (14.7%), 20 (58.8%), 9 (26.5%); in the control group, in 25 (29.4%), 40 (47.1%), 20 (23.5%). In the schizophrenia group, the habit of river baths was never, sometimes and frequently respectively in 18 (52.9%), 14 (41.2%), 2 (5.9%); in the control group, in 41 (48.2%), 40 (47.1%), 4 (4.7%). In the schizophrenia group, the educational level was illiterate, incomplete high school, complete secondary education and higher education (complete or incomplete) respectively in 15 (44.1%), 17 (50.0%), 2 (5.9%), 0 (0%); in the control group, in 4 (4.8%), 44 (52.4%), 28 (33.3%), 8 (9.5%). In the schizophrenia group, the family income was in minimum wages: up to one, two to three, and more than three respectively in 11 (32.4%), 20 (58.8%), 3 (8.8); in the control group, in 11 (13.1%), 25 (29.8%), 48 (57.1%). Conclusion: Seropositivity was significantly higher in schizophrenics (p = 0.017). There was no association between fundoscopic scarring and schizophrenia (p = 1,000). There were no statistically significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) between the groups regarding contact with cats (p = 0.247), cats in the region (p = 0.832), filtered water (p = 0.058)), undercooked meat (p = 1,000), sand tanks (p = 0.219), river baths (p = 0.769). A statistically significant difference was found between the groups in relation to educational level and family income. The control group presented higher rates of family income (p < 0.001) and educational level (p < 0.001).
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    Sporotrichosis: an update on epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, laboratory and clinical therapeutics
    (Soc Brasileira Dermatologia, 2017) Orofino-Costa, Rosane; de Macedo, Priscila Marques; Rodrigues, Anderson Messias [UNIFESP]; Bernardes-Engemann, Andrea Reis
    In the late 90' s there was a change in both the route of transmission and the people at risk for sporotrichosis. This zoonotic cat-man alternative transmission route elicited changes in strategies to control the epidemic. There was a progressive increase in the number of cases involving especially children and the elderly. In addition to becoming hyperendemic, uncommon clinical pictures like immunoreactive clinical presentations or severe systemic cases have emerged. New species were identified and classified through molecular tools using more virulent clinical isolates, like S. brasiliensis, compared to the environmental isolates. Likewise, different species of Sporothrix have been associated with different geographic regions. The serological and molecular techniques are used as an auxiliary tool for the diagnosis and/or for species identification, although the isolation and the identification of Sporothrix spp. in clinical specimen is still the gold standard. Currently sporotrichosis epidemics requires the knowledge of the epidemiological-molecular profile to control the disease and the specific treatment. Itraconazole, potassium iodide, terfinafine, and amphotericin B are the available drugs in Brazil to treat sporotrichosis. The drug of choice, its posology, and treatment duration vary according to the clinical presentation, the Sporothrix species, and host immune status. New treatment choices, including a vaccine, are being developed