Navegando por Palavras-chave "Speech Perception"
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- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)A habilidade temporal e o reconhecimento de fala competitiva em usuários de implante coclear(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2020-03-05) Salvato, Carolina De Campos [UNIFESP]; Chiari, Brasilia Maria [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3118172851522969; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2465568273406624; Universidade Federal de São PauloIntroduction: Hearing impairment (AD) can harm the subject in several contexts, which often generates negative feelings and difficulties in communication. To mitigate the commitments generated by AD, there are compensatory conducts, among them, the Cochlear Implant (CI). Although this device contributes to hearing improvement, many users still have several complaints of speech recognition in a noisy situation (competitive speech). Thus, factors other than audibility, can act in this recognition, among them the temporal ability. Objective: To verify if there is a correlation between the performance of temporal processing and the recognition of competitive and / or distorted speech in patients using Cochlear Implants. Method: Participants underwent the following assessments: anamnesis, free field audiometry with Cochlear Implant at 250 to 4000Hz sound frequencies, TPF - “Frequency Pattern Test”, TPD - “Duration Pattern Test”, SSI - Test of Sentencing Identification with Competitive Message (Synthetic Sentences Identification in Portuguese) and LSP - "List of Sentences in Portuguese" in the noise condition. The data were analyzed using the Pearson and Spearman coefficient, the Shapiro-Wilk test, the Mann-Whitney U test, the Student t test and two-dimensional scatter plots. In addition, a descriptive analysis of the data was performed using the SPSS Statistics software, version 25.0. Hypothesis: CI users with greater difficulty in temporal ability are those who have the worst performance in competitive speech. Results: There was a statistically significant relationship between the tests that assess temporal ability - SSI and TPF (appointment) - and the test that evaluates competitive speech recognition - LSP. Conclusion: CI users who performed well in the test with competitive speech in the noise condition (LSP) obtained equivalent results in the SSI tests (signal-to-noise ratio +10, 0, -10), and TPF - appointment, which assess the ability of deep figure and temporal ability, respectively.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Non-flat audiograms in sensorineural hearing loss and speech perception(Faculdade de Medicina / USP, 2013-06-01) Andrade, Kelly Cristina Lira de; Menezes, Pedro de Lemos; Carnaúba, Aline Tenório Lins; Rodrigues, Renato Glauco de Sousa; Leal, Mariana de Carvalho; Pereira, Liliane Desgualdo [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Fonoaudiologia; Universidade Estadual de Ciências da Saúde de Alagoas; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Física; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)OBJECTIVE: The audibility thresholds for the sound frequency of 137 upward- and downward-sloping audiograms showing sensorineural hearing loss were selected and analyzed in conjunction with speech recognition thresholds obtained from individuals seen at a public otolaryngology clinic to determine which frequencies in slope audiograms best represent speech recognition thresholds. METHOD: The linear regression model and mean square error were used to determine the associations between the threshold values. RESULT: The mean square error identified larger errors when using thresholds of 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz than when using audibility thresholds of 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz. The linear regression model showed a higher correlation (91%) between the audiogram thresholds for frequencies of 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz than for the frequencies of 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz (88%). CONCLUSION: Frequencies of 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz were the most significant in predicting the speech recognition threshold.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Percepção de fala em crianças escolares do 3º ao 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental: proposta de avaliação(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2017-02-21) Appezzato, Mariana Martins [UNIFESP]; Avila, Clara Regina Brandao de [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4265004102490366; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1114212941572013; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)To elaborate an protocol for assessment of speech perception, investigate its internal consistency, describe speech perception and phonological representation skills in typical school children, and investigate the presence of correlations between the studied variables. Method: Sixty typical children (60% female), regularly enrolled in the 3rd, (N=14), 4th (N=24) and 5th (N=22) grade of the Elementary School, with ages ranging between 08 years, 02 months to 11 years, 08 months old (99 to 136 months; M=120,05; DP = 10,26) were evaluated. A protocol included 06 tasks to assess reception skills of speech stimulus: (A) speech perception of verbal and non-verbal sounds; (B) discrimination of non-words with the structure of the Portuguese Language; (C) discrimination between the syllabic structure of the Portuguese Language and of the syllabic structure of another language; (D) perception of phonetic features that distinguishes words in Portuguese; (E) correlation between image and the pronunciation of the word in Portuguese; (F) reception of alliteration and rhymes; and (G) feedback. The evaluations occurred within the period comprised of the end of the 1st school semester and the beginning of the 2nd school semester of 2016. The data were analysed by Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficient, Spearman and Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient with significance level of 0,05. Results: The items of tasks (B) and (C) showed good internal consistency (α=0,84; α =0,80); the items of task (C) in the answers Portuguese/Non-Portuguese showed acceptable internal consistency (α=0,76). The other tasks showed poor and unacceptable consistency. It was observed the effect of the school year in the answers of children only in tasks (C), in the Portuguese/Non-Portuguese answers, in the equal/different (E/D) and in task (D). Conclusion: Considerable part of the proposed items to the speech perception evaluation showed internal consistency. The task of discrimination of non-words with the structure of the Portuguese Language and the task of discrimination between the syllabus structure of Portuguese Language and another language showed reliable to evaluate typical children’s skills. On the other hand, for other tasks it will be necessary some substitutions of excluded items, in order to adequate the protocol’s reliability. The older the children, or the more advanced the school grade, the better the auditory perception capacity and discrimination capacity for syllabic structure. Some items from the questionnaire predicted auditory perception skills and discrimination capacity for Portuguese syllabic structure.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosPercepção de fala no transtorno específico de leitura com e sem transtorno dos sons da fala(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2021) Appezzato, Mariana Martins [UNIFESP]; Avila, Clara Regina Brandao De [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São PauloObjective: To characterize speech perception skills in school children with Specific Reading Disorders with and without Persistent Speech Sound Disorders, in order to identify specific changes in each condition and classify them. Method: 80 children (50% boys), regularly enrolled in the 2nd (N=1), 3rd (N=28), 4th (N=29), 5th (N=15) and 6th (N=7) grades participated in the study. Control Group (GC) (N=48): no complaints, no speech alteration; and Research Group (GP) (N=32): GPI (N=15) with Specific Reading Disorders and GPII (N=17) with TEL and TSFP. An evaluation protocol aggregated 03 tests to evaluate auditory input reception skills of linguistic stimuli: (A) - auditory perception of verbal and nonverbal sounds; (B) - discrimination of nonwords, with Portuguese language structure; and (C) - discrimination between Portuguese language syllabic structure and another language syllabic structure. Data was analyzed by likelihood ratio test, Kruskal-Wallis test (Fisher and van Belle, 1993), Dunn test with Bonferroni correction, Mann-Whitney test, Spearman correlation, and construction of a curve. Results: The medians of total correct answers observed in Control and GPI are higher than in GPII. There was no significant difference between the correct answers distributions of the Control and GPI (p>0.999) and GPI and GPII (p=0.332). The number of correct answers in the GC was higher than in the GPII (p=0.022). Considering the GC (GC and CPI) and GPII groups, a ROC curve was built in order to obtain a cutoff value for the number of correct answers in the testo f Discrimination of non-words with Portuguese language structure, but without lexical representation. Conclusion: The analysis of this study allowed to conclude, preliminarily, that the ability to discriminate non-words enabled the differentiation between school-aged children with TEL associated with TSFP and children with typical development, thus characterizing this group. Moreover, it was possible to classify this group of schoolchildren with a number of correct answers lower than 30.5, considering the task proposed to discriminate non-words. These results allow us to conclude that the presence of TSFP worsens the performance in speech perception tasks linked to the auditory discrimination of linguistic sounds.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)O ruído e sua interferência sobre estudantes em uma sala de aula: revisão de literatura(Pró-Fono Produtos Especializados para Fonoaudiologia Ltda., 2005-08-01) Dreossi, Raquel Cecília Fischer; Momensohn-santos, Teresa [UNIFESP]; Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo Departamento de Clínica FonoaudiológicaBACKGROUND: influence of the acoustic environment on learning. AIM: to analyze the possible alterations students of schools found under the impact of internal or external noises may present. METHOD: literature review on the following subjects: auditory processing, speech perception, acoustics of classrooms and basic notions about noise. CONCLUSION: schools are under the impact of varied noises that can become invisible opponents to the learning process, especially in a place where the listening situation must be privileged. Audiologists can be part of a multidisciplinary team, helping to monitor these areas and helping to implement hearing conservation programs.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)O Teste Gap in Noise em crianças de 11 e 12 anos(Pró-Fono Produtos Especializados para Fonoaudiologia Ltda., 2010-03-01) Perez, Ana Paula [UNIFESP]; Pereira, Liliane Desgualdo [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)BACKGROUND: gap detection in 11 and 12-year-old children. AIM: to investigate temporal resolution through the Gap in Noise test in children of 11 and 12 years in order to establish criteria of normal development. METHOD: participants were 92 children, with ages of 11 and 12 years, enrolled in elementary school, with no evidences of otologic, and/or neurologic, and/or cognitive disorders, as well as with no history of learning difficulties or school failure. Participants Besides that, their hearing thresholds were within normal limits and their verbal recognition in the dichotic test of digits was equal or superior to 95% of hits. All were submitted to the Gap in Noise test. The statistical analysis was performed by non-parametric tests with significance level of 0.05 (5%). RESULTS: the average of the gap thresholds was 5.05ms, and the average percentage of correct answers was 71.70%. There was no significant statistical difference between the responses by age (eleven and twelve years), by ear (right and left), by gender (male and female). However, when comparing the tests, it was observed that the 1st test showed a higher percentage of identifications of gap, statistically significant than the 2nd test. CONCLUSION: in 78.27% of the population of this study, the gap thresholds were up to 5ms, response recommended as normality reference for the age group searched.