Navegando por Palavras-chave "Testes de toxicidade"

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    Avaliação da nefrotoxicidade do contraste iodado em humanos.
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 1991) Laranja, Sandra Maria Rodrigues [UNIFESP]; Schor, Nestor [UNIFESP]
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    Prevalência do beber e dirigir em Diadema, estado de São Paulo
    (Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo, 2007-12-01) Duailibi, Sérgio [UNIFESP]; Pinsky, Ilana [UNIFESP]; Laranjeira, Ronaldo [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Problems due to alcohol use among drivers have been assessed worldwide and studies indicate high morbidity and mortality rates related to drinking and driving. There are few national studies about this subject. Thus, this study was conducted aiming at estimating the prevalence of drinking and driving and testing the acceptability of passive and active breathalyzers. A total of 908 drivers were tested in the main streets of a city in the state of São Paulo, from February 2005 to March 2006. The methodology adopted was sobriety checkpoints. In 23.7% of the drivers some level of alcohol was found in the exhaled air; in 19.4% alcohol level was equal to or higher than the legal limit. The passive breathalyzer was reliable and presented results comparable to the active one. These findings were six times higher than those found in similar surveys carried out in other countries, indicating the relevance of this problem. Specific public policies to fight the problem and more national studies are needed.
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    Toxicidade do extrato de grapefruit in vitro e em ratos
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2009) Guedes, Carolina Cardoso [UNIFESP]
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    Toxicidade do extrato de grapefruit in vitro e em ratos
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2010-02-27) Guedes, Carolina Cardoso [UNIFESP]; Amâncio, Olga Maria Silvério [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Toxicity of the grapefruit extract (GSE) was analyzed in vitro and in rats. The experimental groups were 0.1% GSE, 0.15% GSE, 0.2% GSE, 0.5% GSE, 0.12% chlorhexidine and control (in vitro study) or sham (rats study). The in vitro test was performed on fibroblast cultures (NIH-3T3) in order to assess cell survival at 1, 3, 5 and 7 days. In the test performed on rats, polyethylene tubes containing the substances were implanted in connective tissue; histological analysis of tissue samples was performed at 1, 7, 15, 30 and 60 days. Both the GSE and chlorhexidine proved cytotoxic, with a greater concentration leading to greater toxicity for fibroblasts. In the connective tissue, GSE caused severe inflammation on the first day at all concentrations. Over time, the inflammation subsided until reaching values similar to the sham group. At the concentrations studied, GSE exhibits toxicity for cells and connective tissue. Further studies are needed to assess the harm this product may cause to human tissue and determine a safe dosage for its use as well as whether a lower concentration still has the desired antimicrobial potential to which it is attributed.