Navegando por Palavras-chave "Tobramicina"

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    Alterações da microbiota conjuntival e palpebral após uso tópico de lomefloxacina e tobramicina na cirurgia de catarata e cirurgia refrativa
    (Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, 2002-01-01) Hofling-Lima, Ana Luisa [UNIFESP]; Farah, Michel Eid [UNIFESP]; Montenegro, Luciano [UNIFESP]; Alvarenga, Lênio Souza; Chalita, Maria Regina Catai; You, Maria Cecília Zorat [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Purpose: To determine the changes in the conjunctival and palpebral flora after topical use of 0.3% lomefloxacin and 0.3% tobramycin eye drops in the preoperative management of patients submitted to cataract and refractive surgery and to assess the chemosensitivity of bacterial isolates from the conjunctiva and eyelid to these antibiotics. Methods: A prospective study of the conjunctival and palpebral flora of patients submitted to cataract or to refractive (PRK or LASIK) surgery was performed. An analysis of the conjunctival and palpebral flora was carried out in patients before surgery without prophylaxis, after surgery during the use of prophylaxis (0.3% lomefloxacin or 0.3% tobramycin qid) and after discontinuation of the antibiotic. Results: Tobramycin and lomefloxacin reduced the number of positive cultures in specimens from the conjunctiva and eyelid of individuals submitted to cataract and refractive surgery. In both groups, isolated microorganisms displayed a greater resistance to tobramycin. In the group submitted to cataract surgery, patients treated with prophylactic tobramycin showed a slower recovery of the flora after discontinuation of the antibiotic than those treated with lomefloxacin, with the opposite occurring in the group submitted to refractive surgery. Conclusion: Both lomefloxacin and tobramycin were effective in reducing conjunctival and palpebral flora during drug administration. This reduction was more marked in the conjunctiva. Among the various bacterial isolates, there was a greater resistance to tobramycin than to lomefloxacin. The use of antibiotics reduced the incidence of positive cultures more for the conjunctiva than the eyelids.
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    Alterations in ocular pathogen susceptibility to gentamicin and tobramycin
    (Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, 1999-12-01) Moeller, Cecilia Tobias de Aguiar [UNIFESP]; Branco, Bruno Castelo [UNIFESP]; Yu, Maria Cecília Zorat [UNIFESP]; Farah, Michel Eid [UNIFESP]; Hofling-Lima, Ana Luisa [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Purpose: To evaluate and compare the in vitro susceptibility of ocular bacterial isolates to aminoglycoside antibiotics (gentamicin and tobramycin) and to analyze the alteration in susceptibility after 14 years of introduction of tobramycin in Brazilian ophthalmic practice. Methods: The results of antibiotic susceptibility tests in a period of three years with 887 bacterial strains (Study A) were retrospectively analyzed and then compared with the results obtained fourteen years ago with 124 microorganisms (Study B), when tobramycin was first tested in Brazil for isolated eye strains. In both studies, the data analyzed were from the files of the Ocular Microbiology Laboratory of the Federal University of São Paulo. Results: The in vitro effectiveness of both antibiotics regarding the total number of positive isolates was significantly higher for tobramycin in both studies. An increase in the Staphylococcus aureus strains resistant to tobramycin and only a decreasing trend in the number of microorganisms resistant to gentamicin was observed. With Pseudomonas sp, a strong tendency to the increase of susceptibility to gentamicin and to the appearance of strains resistant to tobramycin occurred. Conclusions: The introduction of tobramycin in the treatment of ocular infections and the possible decrease in number of gentamicin prescriptions during the last fourteen years might be the cause of modifications in the susceptibility observed in the total of positive isolates mainly Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas sp. For the isolated microorganisms from the conjunctiva, the sensitivity to both antibiotics was equivalent.