Navegando por Palavras-chave "Tonometria ocular"

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    Aplicação de fórmula corretiva nas alterações da pressão intraocular dos pacientes submetidos a LASIK
    (Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, 2011-04-01) Silva, Thiago George Cabral; Polido, Júlia Gomes Fernandes; Pinheiro, Maurício Vieira; Silva, André Luís De Freitas; Goldbach, Laerte; Mascaro, Vera Lúcia Degaspare Monte [UNIFESP]; Serracarbassa, Pedro Durães; Araújo, Maria Emília Xavier Dos Santos [UNIFESP]; Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual de São Paulo; Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual de São Paulo - HSPE; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
    PURPOSE: To compare the intraocular pressure (IOP) pre and post LASIK, correlating it to changes in central corneal thickness (CCT) and average simulated keratometry (K), as well as verifying the results of a corrective formula previously proposed. METHODS: Longitudinal prospective study conducted in outpatients that underwent to LASIK. Patients underwent complete ophthalmic examination, previously and 2 months after the surgery. Intraocular pressure was evaluated with Goldmann applanation tonometer between 9 am and 11 am, average simulated keratometry was evaluated using corneal topography and central corneal thickness was measured with ultrasound pachymetry, been considered the average of three measurements. Two patients were excluded due to surgery or eye disease, and previous use of topical steroids over the past three months. The surgeries were performed according to standard procedures. The formula [real IOP = IOP measured + (540 - ECC)/71 + (43 - K)/2.7 + 0.75 mmHg] proposed for correcting intraocular pressure was used. RESULTS: Fifteen eyes of eight patients were evaluated, age ranged from 24 to 46 years (mean: 31.37 ± 7.27). There was a statistically significant difference between the measurements of intraocular pressure, central corneal thickness and average simulated keratometry pre and post-LASIK. (p=0.0001). It was observed that each 1D corrected underestimated the IOP 1.06 ± 0.59 mmHg (0.11 a 1.89 mmHg). The use of the corrective formula lead to 80% of eyes within 2.50 mmHg of preoperative intraocular pressure. Although, the two sets of data are statistically different (p=0.0266). CONCLUSIONS: Post LASIK eyes presented lower intraocular pressure than preoperatively. Intraocular pressure was moderately correlated to central corneal thickness and weakly correlated to average simulated keratometry. With the use of the corrective formula, we were able to determine that 80% were within 2.50 mmHg of the preoperative intraocular pressure.
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    Correlation between diurnal variation of intraocular pressure, ocular pulse amplitude and corneal structural properties
    (Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, 2009-06-01) Villas-bôas, Flávia Silva; Doi, Larissa Morimoto [UNIFESP]; Sousa, Aline Katia Siqueira [UNIFESP]; Melo Jr., Luiz Alberto S. [UNIFESP]; Instituto Brasileiro de Oftalmologia e Prevenção à Cegueira; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fluctuation of intraocular pressure measurements obtained by Goldmann applanation tonometry, dynamic contour tonometry, and corneal compensated non-contact tonometry during office hours in glaucoma and healthy participants. This study also aims at correlating the intraocular pressure fluctuations with fluctuations of corneal hysteresis, central corneal thickness, mean central corneal curvature and ocular pulse amplitude. METHODS: A total of 12 controls (24 eyes) and 21 patients (38 eyes) with open-angle glaucoma were recruited. Intraocular pressure measured by Goldmann applanation tonometry, dynamic contour tonometry and corneal compensated non-contact tonometry, ocular pulse amplitude, central corneal curvature and thickness, corneal hysteresis, and resistance factor were obtained at intervals of 2 hours, between 9 AM and 5 PM. RESULTS: Intraocular pressure fluctuated significantly throughout the day in controls and glaucoma individuals with all tonometers (P<0.001). There was no statistically significant variation in mean corneal curvature (P=0.048 in controls; P=0.04 in glaucomatous) or hysteresis over time (P=0.12 in controls; P=0.36 in glaucomatous). The ocular pulse amplitude showed a significant diurnal fluctuation in both groups (P<0.001). There was a significant correlation between the intraocular pressure measured by dynamic contour tonometry and ocular pulse amplitude (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: There was significant intraocular pressure fluctuation over office hours on measurements performed by Goldmann applanation tonometry, dynamic contour tonometry, and corneal compensated non-contact tonometry in normal and glaucoma individuals. Intraocular pressure varied independently of corneal hysteresis, central corneal thickness, and central curvature variation. However, there was significant correlation between ocular pulse amplitude and intraocular pressure measurements performed by dynamic contour tonometry.
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    Glaucoma de pressão normal
    (Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, 2005-08-01) Tavares, Ivan Maynart [UNIFESP]; Mello, Paulo Augusto de Arruda [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); University of California Hamilton Glaucoma Center Department of Ophthalmology; MEC CAPES
    Normal tension glaucoma is an optic neuropathy in which the retinal nerve fiber layer thickness is reduced, the optic nerve is pathologically excavated, and the visual field is disturbed, although intraocular pressure is classified as normal. Patients with normal tension glaucoma are a heterogeneous group in which many systemic pathologic conditions may be present, and presenting ocular clinical signs that are difficult to be identified in the early stages of the disease. Treatment is more challenging than in hypertensive glaucomas. The authors sought to review the pathophysiology and differential diagnosis of this condition assessing vascular, rheumatic, neurological and genetic aspects that should be studied, as well as its treatment. The sources of references are PubMed (MEDLINE), LILACS and Cochrane Library (CENTRAL) databases.
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    Importância da perimetria de dupla freqüência na detecção do glaucoma: rastreamento em funcionários de hospital público numa área urbana de São Paulo
    (Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, 2005-02-01) Almeida, Geraldo Vicente de; Mandia Júnior, Carmo; Paolera, Maurício Della; Kasahara, Niro; Umbelino, Cristiano Caixeta; Almeida, Paula Boturão de; Eliezer, Ricardo Nunes; Pinheiro, Renato Klingelfus; Seixas, Francisco Soares [UNIFESP]; Flank, Mauricio; Villaça Filho, Eduardo; Cohen, Ralph; Santa Casa de São Paulo Departamento de Oftalmologia; Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo Departamento de Oftalmologia Setor de Glaucoma; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Santa Casa de São Paulo Faculdade de Ciências Médicas Departamento de Oftalmologia
    PURPOSE: To study the prevalence of glaucoma in employees of a public hospital in São Paulo and to analyze the role of frequency doubling perimetry along with non-contact tonometry and direct ophthalmoscopy, in the screening for glaucoma. METHODS: 612 employees of the Central Hospital of the Santa Casa de São Paulo were evaluated from October 15 to 20, 2000; 438 were women and 174 men, with mean age of 45.05±7.7 years (range, 35 to 81 years); 437 were white, 104 mulatto, 43 black and 28 Asian. All examinations were done by 10 eye specialists with experience in glaucoma. All employees had both eyes examined, by means of frequency doubling perimetry (FDT), ophthalmoscopy (FO), and non-contact tonometry (TNC). RESULTS: 159 (25.98%) subjects presented with at least one abnormal testing; 5 (3.14%) had high IOP (TNC+); 13 (8.17%) presented suspicious disk (FO+); 110 (69.18%) presented abnormal FDT (FDP+); 8 (5.03%) TNC+ and FO+; 10 (6.28%) had TNC+ and FDT+; 9 (5.66%) presented FO+ and FDT+; 4 (2.51%) had TNC+, FO+ and FDT+; 12 (1.96%) individuals were diagnosed with glaucoma, four of whom (0.65%), with normal pressure glaucoma. CONCLUSIONS: Frequency doubling perimetry was found to be an important step in the screening for glaucoma in the study. Of the 12 individuals that had the diagnosis of glaucoma, 5 (41.6%) would not have been diagnosed if they had not undergone frequency doubling perimetry.
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    Intraocular pressure and central corneal thickness in full-term newborns
    (Consel Brasil Oftalmologia, 2017) Maestri Ferreira, Claudia Cardoso [UNIFESP]; Tavares, Ivan Maynart [UNIFESP]
    Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the central corneal thickness (CCT) and intraocular pressure (IOP) in full-term newborns and to correlate these values with the following variables: weight, sex, and post-conception age (PCA). Methods: IOP and CCT were determined in 52 full-term newborns with a mean gestational age of 39.43 +/- 1.03 weeks and a mean birth weight of 3,273 +/- 558 g. The mean age of the neonates at the time of taking the measurements was 1.15 +/- 1.38 days after birth. IOP was determined with a Tono-Pen, and CCT was determined using a handheld ultrasound pachymeter. Results: The mean overall IOP was 14.0 +/- 2.91 mmHg, and the mean IOP in male and female newborns was 13.77 +/- 2.88 mmHg and 14.32 +/- 3.05 mmHg, respectively. The mean overall CCT was 605.87 +/- 62.98 mu m, and the mean CCT in male and female newborns was 626.70 +/- 67.46 mu m and 577.45 +/- 45.50 mu m, respectively
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    Intraocular pressure, corneal thickness, and corneal hysteresis in Steinert's myotonic dystrophy
    (Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, 2011-06-01) Garcia Filho, Carlos Alexandre de Amorim [UNIFESP]; Prata, Tiago dos Santos [UNIFESP]; Sousa, Aline Katia Siqueira [UNIFESP]; Doi, Larissa Morimoto [UNIFESP]; Melo Jr., Luiz Alberto Soares [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    PURPOSE: Low intraocular pressure (IOP) measured by Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) is one of the ocular manifestations of Steinert's myotonic dystrophy. The goal of this study was to evaluate the corneal-compensated IOP as well as corneal properties (central corneal thickness and corneal hysteresis) in patients with myotonic dystrophy. METHODS: A total of 12 eyes of 6 patients with Steinert's myotonic dystrophy (dystrophy group) and 12 eyes of 6 age-, race-, and gender-matched healthy volunteers (control group) were included in the study. GAT, Dynamic Contour Tonometry (DCT-Pascal) and Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA) were used to assess the IOP. Central corneal thickness was obtained by ultrasound pachymetry, and corneal hysteresis was analyzed using the ORA device. In light of the multiplicity of tests performed, the significance level was set at 0.01 rather than 0.05. RESULTS: The mean (standard deviation [SD]) GAT, DCT, and corneal-compensated ORA IOP in the dystrophy group were 5.4 (1.4) mmHg, 9.7 (1.5) mmHg, and 10.1 (2.6) mmHg, respectively. The mean (SD) GAT, DCT, and corneal-compensated ORA IOP in the control group was 12.6 (2.9) mmHg, 15.5 (2.7) mmHg, and 15.8 (3.4) mmHg, respectively. There were significant differences in IOP values between dystrophy and control groups obtained by GAT (mean, -7.2 mmHg; 99% confidence interval [CI], -10.5 to -3.9 mmHg; P<0.001), DCT (mean, -5.9 mmHg; 99% CI, -8.9 to -2.8 mmHg; P<0.001), and corneal-compensated ORA measurements (mean, -5.7 mmHg; 99% CI, -10.4 to -1.0 mmHg; P=0.003). The mean (SD) central corneal thickness was similar in the dystrophy (542 [31] µm) and control (537 [11] µm) groups (P=0.65). The mean (SD) corneal hysteresis in the dystrophy and control groups were 11.2 (1.5) mmHg and 9.7 (1.2) mmHg, respectively (P=0.04). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with Steinert's myotonic dystrophy showed lower Goldmann and corneal-compensated IOP in comparison with healthy individuals. Since central corneal thickness and corneal hysteresis did not differ significantly between groups, the lower IOP readings documented in this dystrophy seem not to be related to changes in corneal properties.