Navegando por Palavras-chave "Variant"

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    Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica e as diversidades das distribuições das variantes (SNPs, indel) das enzimas de cadeia respiratória relacionadas à neuroproteção/neurodegeneração nas populações dos haplogrupos mitocondriais: uma análise de 1000 GENOME PROJECT
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2019-09-26) Mehrpour, Sheida [UNIFESP]; Oliveira, Acary Souza Bulle [UNIFESP]; Briones, Marcelo [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0018992452321910; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3911841387107665; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3656019291521709; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a disease characterized by the degeneration of motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord, causing progressive, irreversible and incapacitating motor paralysis. Regarding the etiology of ALS, several factors have been included: acquired nuclear enzyme abnormalities, glutamate toxicity, oxidative stress, defective axonal transport, neurofilament abnormalities, genetic factors, viral infections, and mitochondrial dysfunction. There is strong evidence that mitochondria are one of the main targets of impairment in motor neurons, with changes in the electron transport complexes of the mitochondrial chain, affecting the final production of ATP. The impaired function of mitochondrial respiratory complexes has been linked to the quantitative and / or qualitative defects of these components. Previous studies have shown that some of the mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes, including Riboflavin kinase (RFK), flavin adenine dinucleotide synthetase (FAD), Succinate dehydrogenase B subunit (SDHB), and Cytochrome C1 (CYC1) are associated with several mechanisms of neuroprotection and dysfunctions of these enzymes are related to neurodegeneration. In addition, there is evidence that these enzymes having quanitative defects are compromised in ALS patients. Considering that several studies have demonstrated an intimate relationship between mitochondria and ALS, we have proposed to rigorously analyze the information collected at the ENSEMBLE GENOME BROWSER 91 website (updated site of 1000 GENOME PROJECT, updated in December 2017), with variant description of the genes of these enzymes including RFK, FAD, SDHB, and CYC1, of the 2.540 individuals from 26 different populations of the five places of the world belong to the different mitochondrial haplogroups, identifying the distributions of the variants of these enzymes in the different populations of the mitochondria haplogroups. The study is based on the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium calculation. Deviation of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in the control group may reflect an expectation about the development of a disease or a clinical disorder or susceptibility to a disease. We were able to identify the diversity of the distributions of the mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes variants including RFK, FAD, SDHB, and CYC1 in mitochondrial haplogroup populations by deviation of the equilibrium of certain variants of these enzymes, confirming the susceptibility of different haplogroup populations about ALS disease and through this information we can apply prognostic, diagnostic and therapeutic antioxidant strategies for ALS patients. This finding reflects how we conduct clinical trials in the individualized therapeutic determination of each ALS patient depending on the patient haologroup and the compromised enzyme.
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    Genetic variability of cyp3a4 in a heterogeneous brazilian population from maranhao
    (Funpec-editora, 2016) Monteiro, Sally Cristina Moutinho; Sousa, Israel Higino de; Belfort, Ilka Kassandra Pereira; Nunes, Jomar Diogo Costa; Penha, Bruna Aparecida Sousa; Santos, Marcelo dos; Louro, Iuri Drumond; Silva, Ismael Dale Cotrim Guerreiro da [UNIFESP]
    Inter-individual variability in drug metabolism may result in adverse drug responses. Pharmacogenetic studies have shown that polymorphisms in drug metabolizing enzymes may contribute to this variability. Among these enzymes, CYP3A4 is responsible for metabolizing over 50% of the clinically used drugs. The Brazilian population is composed of people with Native American, European, and African ancestries, and is therefore considered as one of the most intermixed populations in the world. A thorough knowledge of the genetic frequencies of CYP3A4 allelic variants is useful for the establishment of better pharmacological therapies therefore, the aim of this study was to describe the polymorphic frequencies for CYP3A4 -392A>G (rs2740574) in a sample population from Maranhao, Brazil. Our results showed that 75.1, 21.9, and 3.0% of the individuals expressed the -392AA, -392AG, and -392GG genotypes, respectively. The -392A and -392G alleles were observed in 86.1 and 13.9% of the population, respectively. Our results reiterate the need for a better understanding of the variations in the genotype and allele frequencies of CYP3A4 -392A>G polymorphisms in various Brazilian regions, in order to elucidate the variability in drug response.
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    Pharmacological treatment for kleine-levin syndrome
    (Wiley-blackwell, 2016) de Oliveira, Marcio M. [UNIFESP]; Conti, Cristiane [UNIFESP]; Prado, Gilmar F. [UNIFESP]
    Background This is an updated version of the original Cochrane review, published in 2009, Issue 2. Kleine-Levin syndrome (KLS) is a rare disorder that mainly affects adolescent men. It is characterised by recurrent episodes of hypersomnia, usually accompanied by hyperphagia, cognitive and mood disturbances, abnormal behaviour, such as hypersexuality, and signs of dysautonomia. In 1990, the diagnostic criteria for Kleine-Levin syndrome were modified in the International Classification of Sleep Disorders, where KLS was defined as a syndrome comprised of recurring episodes of undue sleepiness lasting some days, which may or may not be associated with hyperphagia and abnormal behaviour. According to the International Classification of Sleepiness Disorders, 3rd version (ICSD-3), revised in 2014, the Kleine-Levin syndrome is a disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of hypersomnia that last from two days to four weeks, with at least annual recurrence, and hyperphagia (rapid consumption of a large amount of food), usually with onset in early adolescence in males but occasionally in later life and in women. A monosymptomatic form of the disorder with hypersomnia only can occur without binge eating or hypersexuality. The cause of Kleine-Levin syndrome remains unknown, and several treatment strategies have been used. Some medications have been reported to provide benefit in the treatment of patients with KLS, but because of the rarity of the condition, no long-term follow-up therapies have yet been described. Objectives This review aimed to evaluate: 1. whether pharmacological treatment for Kleine Levin syndrome was effective and safe. 2. which drug or category of drugs was effective and safe. Search methods For the latest update, we searched the following sources: the Cochrane Epilepsy Group Specialized Register (7 April 2016)