Navegando por Palavras-chave "Vascular endothelial growth factor"
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- ItemSomente MetadadadosCyclooxygenase-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in 5-fluorouracil-induced oral mucositis in hamsters: evaluation of two low-intensity laser protocols(Springer, 2009-11-01) Fontana Lopes, Nilza Nelly [UNIFESP]; Plapler, Helio [UNIFESP]; Chavantes, Maria Cristina; Lalla, Rajesh V.; Yoshimura, Elisabeth Mateus; Seixas Alves, Maria Teresa [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Univ ConnecticutThe aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms whereby low-intensity laser therapy may affect the severity of oral mucositis.A hamster cheek pouch model of oral mucositis was used with all animals receiving intraperitoneal 5-fluorouracil followed by surface irritation. Animals were randomly allocated into three groups and treated with a 35 mW laser, 100 mW laser, or no laser. Clinical severity of mucositis was assessed at four time-points by a blinded examiner. Buccal pouch tissue was harvested from a subgroup of animals in each group at four time-points. This tissue was used for immunohistochemistry for cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and factor VIII (marker of microvessel density) and the resulting staining was quantified.Peak severity of mucositis was reduced in the 35 mW laser group as compared to the 100 mW laser and control groups. This reduced peak clinical severity of mucositis in the 35 mW laser group was accompanied by a significantly lower level of COX-2 staining. the 100 mW laser did not have an effect on the severity of clinical mucositis, but was associated with a decrease in VEGF levels at the later time-points, as compared to the other groups. There was no clear relationship of VEGF levels or microvessel density to clinical mucositis severity.The tissue response to laser therapy appears to vary by dose. Low-intensity laser therapy appears to reduce the severity of mucositis, at least in part, by reducing COX-2 levels and associated inhibition of the inflammatory response.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosEndothelial Markers in Schistosomiasis Patients With or Without Portal Hypertension(Springer, 2009-06-01) Toledo, Carlos Fischer de [UNIFESP]; Carvente, Claudia Teresa [UNIFESP]; Shigueoka, David Carlos [UNIFESP]; Borges, Durval Rosa [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Purpose To evaluate the serum levels of von Willebrand factor (vWF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), endothelin-1 (ET-1), and endothelin-3 (ET-3) in patients with the isolated, inactive form of Schistosomiasis mansoni. Patients were classified into two groups: 10 patients without (SM group) and 18 with (PH group) portal hypertension. Results Serum albumin, VEGF, and vWF levels did not differ between the two groups (P > 0.05). the prothrombin time (INR), number of platelets, spleen size, splenic vein diameter, and endothelin levels differentiated the PH group, which showed decreased ET-1 (SM = 22.4 +/- A 2.4 pg/ml and PH = 16.4 +/- A 1.5 pg/ml; P = 0.034) and increased ET-3 (SM = 2.1 +/- A 0.1 ng/ml and PH = 3.2 +/- A 0.1 ng/ml; P = 0.000) levels. Conclusions in patients with schistosomiasis and portal hypertension (presinusoidal type), the levels of VEGF and ET-1 differ from those reported in patients with cirrhosis.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosLaser photobiomodulation (830 and 660 nm) in mast cells, VEGF, FGF, and CD34 of the musculocutaneous flap in rats submitted to nicotine(Springer London Ltd, 2017) Siqueira das Neves, Lais Mara; Marcondes Ferreira Leite, Gabriella de Paula; Marcolino, Alexandre Marcio; Pinfildi, Carlos Eduardo [UNIFESP]; Garcia, Sergio Britto; de Araujo, Joao Eduardo; de Oliveira Guirro, Elaine CaldeiraThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of laser photobiomodulation (PBM) on the viability of the transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (TRAM) flap in rats subjected to the action of nicotine. We evaluated 60 albino Wistar rats, divided into six groups of ten animals. Group 1 (saline) underwent the surgical technique to obtain a TRAM flap
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Plasmablastic multiple myeloma is associated with increased vascular endothelial growth factor immunoexpression(Associação Brasileira de Divulgação Científica, 2005-11-01) Ribas, C. [UNIFESP]; Colleoni, Gisele Wally Braga [UNIFESP]; Almeida, M.s.s. [UNIFESP]; Aguiar, K.c.c. [UNIFESP]; Silva, M.r.r. [UNIFESP]; Bordin, Jose Orlando [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)The biologic basis of the negative prognosis of plasmablastic myeloma is not fully understood. To determine whether histologically aggressive multiple myeloma (MM) is associated with a more angiogenic marrow environment, bone marrow samples from 50 recently diagnosed MM patients were evaluated. Twelve percent (6/50) of patients presented plasmablastic MM, and this feature correlated with moderate/strong intensity of vascular endothelial growth factor staining of plasma cells (P = 0.036). Although plasmablastic MM was not associated with increasing of microvessel density, this new evidence of increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor on plasmablasts suggests that the adverse prognosis conferred by plasmablastic disease may be due, at least in part, to secretion of this angiogenic cytokine, also suggesting that the subset of MM patients with plasmablastic features may derive particular benefit from antiangiogenic therapies.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosRetinal and Ocular Toxicity in Ocular Application of Drugs and Chemicals - Part II: Retinal Toxicity of Current and New Drugs(Karger, 2010-01-01) Penha, Fernando Marcondes [UNIFESP]; Rodrigues, Eduardo Buchele [UNIFESP]; Maia, Mauricio [UNIFESP]; Furlani, Bruno de Alburquerque [UNIFESP]; Regatieri, Caio Vinicius Saito [UNIFESP]; Melo, Gustavo Barreto de [UNIFESP]; Magalhães, Octaviano [UNIFESP]; Manzano, Roberta [UNIFESP]; Farah, Michel Eid [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Aims: Retinal pharmacotherapy has gained great importance for the treatment of various retinal diseases. An increasing number of drugs have been constantly released into the market, especially for wet age-related macular disease and diabetic macular edema. in this review, the issues concerning the toxicity of current and new classes of drugs are discussed. Methods: An extensive search of the literature was performed to review various aspects of drug toxicity in retinal pharmacotherapy. the different major classes of drugs, such as corticosteroids, antibiotics, antimetabolites, antineoplastic agents, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, enzymes, fibrinolytics, miscellaneous anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenic agents, as well as toxicity unrelated to the drug were identified and discussed. Results: Corticosteroids like fluocinolone, dexamethasone or triamcinolone at low dose cause little damage to the retina, but at high doses signs of toxicity have been well documented. Complications like cataract and glaucoma are quite common with corticosteroids. Aminoglycosides showed differences in the type and doses associated with toxic reactions, thereby the following order of toxicity can be described (from most toxic to least toxic): gentamicin > netilmicin = tobramycin > amikacin = kanamycin. Vancomycin at the usual dose of 1 mg is not toxic to the retina, while further studies are necessary in order to clarify the safety of new-generation quinolones. 5-Fluorouracil has been shown to be nontoxic to the retina after an injection of 2.5 mg in animals. mAbs like ranibizumab and bevacizumab were demonstrated to be safe to the retina in cell culture, animals and humans at high doses. the exact biocompatibility of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents like diclofenac needs further evaluation. Preservatives like benzyl alcohol and changes in pH or osmolarity exert an influence on the toxic effects of intravitreally applied drugs. Conclusions: A great number of drugs are now used mainly intravitreally without relevant retinal toxicity. Copyright (C) 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Técnica para injeção intravítrea de drogas no tratamento de doenças vítreorretinianas(Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, 2008-12-01) Rodrigues, Eduardo Buchele [UNIFESP]; Maia, Maurício [UNIFESP]; Penha, Fernando Marcondes [UNIFESP]; Dib, Eduardo [UNIFESP]; Bordon, Arnaldo Furman [UNIFESP]; Magalhães Júnior, Octaviano [UNIFESP]; Farah, Michel Eid [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Intravitreal injections are the standard technique applied in the treatment of some vitreoretinal diseases. In this paper the technique and complications of intravitreal injections are presented. In summary, the procedure involves various consecutive steps. Initially, days before the treatment topical antibiotics and acetazolamide may be prescribed for reduction of the ocular flora and intraocular pressure. Before the injection, the pupil should be dilated and topical anesthesia should be achieved. Injection shall be performed in the operating room under sterile conditions, the surgeon should wear surgical gloves and mask. The eye is then exposed with sterile blepharostat and sterile-drape thereby providing protection of the needle against the contact with contaminated lashes and lids. Injection is done 3.5 mm from the limbus through the pars plana. The needle should be inserted up to 6 mm into the vitreous cavity. Immediately after injection the patient must be examined by indirect ophthalmoscopy to verify central artery perfusion and complications as vitreous hemorrhage. Visual acuity better than light perception should be detected right after injection. If persistent central retinal artery occlusion is diagnosed, anterior chamber paracentesis should be performed. The patient may be discharged with an occlusive patch. Examination at the first postoperative day should exclude various complications such as endophthalmitis, and topical steroid and antibiotics should be prescribed for 7 days. Some complications encountered after intravitreal injections include retinal detachment, vitreous hemorrhage, cataract, uveitis, ocular hypertension, or endophthalmitis.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosTherapeutic monoclonal antibodies in ophthalmology(Elsevier B.V., 2009-03-01) Rodrigues, Eduardo B. [UNIFESP]; Farah, Michel E. [UNIFESP]; Maia, Mauricio [UNIFESP]; Penha, Fernando M. [UNIFESP]; Regatieri, Caio [UNIFESP]; Melo, Gustavo B. [UNIFESP]; Pinheiro, Marcelo M. [UNIFESP]; Zanetti, Carlos R.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC)Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) can be used therapeutically by binding to molecular targets with high specificity. Therefore, they have excellent therapeutic applications in ophthalmology. This manuscript presents four aspects of the therapeutic use of mAbs in ophthalmology: the scientific rationale, the unique characteristics of selected mAbs, the current state-of-the-art application, and relevant therapeutic mAbs for future applications in ophthalmology. We identified in the literature various single-agent therapies that inhibit the following targets: tumor necrosis factor (TNF), epithelial growth factor receptor, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor, basic fibroblast growth factor receptor, platelet-derived growth factor, and cluster of differentiation antigens. the roles of all biochemical targets in ocular diseases were evaluated. Current and future mAbs against various cytokines were assessed for the treatment of ocular diseases. the medical literature showed the clinical benefits of mAbs for treating angiogenic and inflammatory ocular diseases. Two anti-VEGF mAbs, bevacizumab and ranibizumab, and three anti-TNF agents, infliximab, etanercept, and adalimumab, control Ocular neovascularization and intraocular inflammation. Other mAbs such as rituximab, daclizumab, efalizumab, and alemtuzumab showed positive results in animal and early clinical studies and may represent useful adjuvant therapies for ocular lymphoma or ocular inflammation. Ranibizumab is the only FDA-approved therapy; for other mAbs the so-called off-label application remains the standard. Intravenous administration of mAbs has demonstrated acceptable toxicity profiles, while intraocular injection may decrease the chances of systemic complications and increase the amount of drug available to the retina and choroid. in conclusion, effective clinical use of mAbs in ophthalmology is more commonly seen in the field of angiogenic vitreoretinal and autoimmune inflammatory diseases. the challenge for the future is combining biologic therapies to improve the quality and duration of responses while diminishing side effects. the role of mAbs within ophthalmic treatments will be defined according to future clinical experience and the results of randomized clinical trials. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.