Navegando por Palavras-chave "biologia molecular"
Agora exibindo 1 - 5 de 5
Resultados por página
Opções de Ordenação
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)As bases neurobiológicas do transtorno bipolar(Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, 2005-01-01) Machado-Vieira, Rodrigo; Bressan, Rodrigo Affonseca [UNIFESP]; Frey, Benício; Soares, Jair C.; Fundação Faculdade Federal de Ciências Médicas de Porto Alegre Programa de Transtornos de Humor; Hospital Presidente Vargas; Stanley Foundation Research Unit of Porto Alegre; Hospital Espírita; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre Departamento de Bioquímica; University of Texas Health Science Center Department of Psychiatry Division of Mood and Anxiety DisordersIn this article, the authors review relevant aspects related to the neurobiological basis of bipolar disorder. This illness has been associated with complex biochemical and molecular changes in brain circuits linked to neurotransmission and intracellular signal transduction pathways, and changes on neurons and glia have been proposed to be directly associated with clinical presentation of mania and depression. In the same context, dysfunctions on brain homeostasis and energy metabolism have been associated with alterations on circadian rythms, behavior and mood in human and animal models of bipolarity. In the recent years, advances on techniques of neuroimaging, molecular biology and genetics has provided new insights about the biology of bipolarity. The authors emphasize that bipolar disorder has been shown to be directly associated with dysfunctions on neural adaptative mechanisms, promoting neural stress. The resulted stress, even that do not lead to cell death, may limit the neuroplasticity and neurotrophism in neurons and glia, which in turn may facilitate the arousal of this pervasive illness.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosCaptura híbrida para detecção do papilomavírus humano em atipias de significado indeterminado(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2015-06-24) Ducatti, Carla [UNIFESP]; Alonso, Luis Garcia Alonso [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Objectives: Correlate the detection of human Papillomavirus, by the method of Hybrid Capture, with the Atypia of Undetermined Significance. Among those with positive result for human Papillomavirus, define the groups found (Papillomavirus types of low and high risk) and their viral loads. Methods: This is an observational, cross-sectional and analytical study, which were entered into a database the results of cytology exams and Hybrid Capture of 474 patients from routine of cytology laboratory and Hybrid Capture of Associação Fundo Incentivo a Pesquisa (AFIP), from January 2012 to December 2013. These tests have been conducted and issued their reports. The age of patients ranged from 15 to 75 years, with an average of 33 years and 8 months. Were included diagnoses of patients who had cytological and molecular tests (CH II) in addition, positive cervical smears for Atypia of undetermined significance - ASC-US and ASC-H. Results: This study showed that 60.8% of ASC were positive in Hybrid Capture, being 58.6% for ASC-US and 83.3% for ASC-H. Regardless of the ASC subgroup, the high-risk virus was most commonly found (87.8%), either alone or associated with low-risk HPV (54.8% and 33% respectively). ASC-US demonstrated a tendency to lower viral loads, whereas ASC-H at higher viral loads. Conclusion: The method of Hybrid Capture II applied to Atypia of Undetermined Significance resulted in a positivity rate of 58.6% for ASC-US, and 83.3% for ASC-H. Regarding ASC-US, there were types "high" and "low and high risk" (53.4% and 33.2%, respectively) with low viral loads and intermediate. As the ASC-H, there were types "high" and "low and high risk" (65.8% and 31.4%, respectively) with high viral loads. Thus, in Atypia of Undetermined Significance, regardless of the subgroup, the high-risk virus was the most commonly found type, either alone or associated with low-risk HPV, and viral loads tended to rise according the severity of the atypia found in cytology.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Caracterização fenotípica e molecular de amostras de Staphylococcus coagulase negativo isoladas de infecções da corrente sanguínea de pacientes de dois hospitais gerais da cidade de São Paulo(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2009-04-29) Souza, Alinne Guimarães de [UNIFESP]; Pignatari, Antonio Carlos Campos [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) are important etiologic agents responsible for healthcare related infection (HCRI) in bloodstream infections. In a retrospective study we evaluate CoNS isolated from patients with HCRI in bloodstream infections admitted to two general hospitals at São Paulo city, from August 2005 to August 2007. The isolates were characterized at species level and antimicrobial susceptibility tested by the Vitek® system and ViteK® 2. Oxacillin resistance was evaluated by oxacillin and cefoxitin discs. The presence of mecA gene and the SCCmec type were determined by multiplex PCR. Staphylococcus epidermidis was the predominant specie followed by S. hominis, S. haemolyticus, S. simulans, S. warneri, S. capitis and S. auricularis. Oxacillin resistance was observed in 88.2% of the isolates with 100% concordance between oxacilin and cefoxitin discs confirmed by mecA gene. All isolates were susceptible to vancomycin and four isolates revealed intermediate resistance to teicoplanin by Etest®. One S. epidermidis showed resistance to linezolide. The predominant SCC type was the type III followed by the types IV, I, II and V. In 26.9% positive mecA isolates we did not characterize the SCCmec type by the molecular protocol utilized.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosDesempenho funcional global e análise molecular no autismo infantil e síndrome de asperger(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2015-02-28) Pozzato, Michele Gea Guimaraes [UNIFESP]; Vilanova, Luiz Celso Pereira Vilanova [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Introduction: Autism (A) and Asperger syndrome (AS) belong to a family of neuro-developmental disorders called Pervasive Development Disorders (PDD), characterized by communication deficits, a lack of reciprocal social interaction, as well as restricted, stereotypic, and ritualized patterns of interests and behavior. Several studies have show significant deficits in different areas of development , as well as a complex genetic basis, involving many genes, contributing to the different phenotypes presented by these disorders. Objectives:To determine whether AI and SA differ in phenotype, verified by Global Functional Performance, and in genetic variants in FOXP2, WNT2, EN2 and PARK2 genes; to correlate phenotypic with genotype findings. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 98 patients aged 3 to18 years of both genders previously diagnosed with A (45) or AS (53). The Brazilian version of the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) was administered in the form of a structured interview with the caregiver and direct observation. Molecular analysis was performed by Sanger sequencing of FOXP2, WNT2, EN2 and PARK2 genes and gene dosage of PARK2 by Real TimePCR. Results: Patients with AS had significantly better social function than patients with A, who needed more assistance in this area. However, in AI, the scores were significantly better than SA, related to self-care and mobility activities, requiring a lower level of care. Among the molecular findings, we found significantly different variants in FOXP2 gene between A and SA, and in EN2 gene, between SA and healthy controls. Conclusions: Our findings show that A and SA exhibit phenotypic differences, assessed by global functional performance as well as genotypic differences in FOXP2 and EN2, it is possible to establish correlation between them.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Seborreia e dermatite seborreica: estudo clínico-laboratorial, comparativo e randomizado sobre eficácia e segurança da isotretinoína oral em dose baixa e identificações fenotípica e genotípica do gênero malassezia spp(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2014-06-30) Kamamoto, Cristhine de Souza Leão [UNIFESP]; Bagatin, Edileia [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Fundamentos: o uso off label da isotretinoína oral para seborreia e dermatite seborreica foi relatado na literatura em estudos abertos em combinação com medicações tópicas. Quando utilizada a dose convencional, apresenta ação anti-inflamatória e reduz a secreção do sebo e volume da glândula sebácea. Considerando tais propriedades, acredita-se que possa controlar a seborreia e dermatite seborreica em dose baixa. Objetivos: avaliar a eficácia e segurança da isotretinoína oral em dose baixa na redução da secreção sebácea e no controle da seborreia/dermatite seborreica moderada a grave, da face e couro cabeludo, comparada ao tratamento tópico anti-seborreico; quantificar a secreção sebácea (medição da secreção sebácea) na face e/ou couro cabeludo; analisar a hidratação da pele da face; verificar o impacto dos tratamentos na qualidade de vida e realizar as identificações fenotípica e genotípica de amostras de leveduras do gênero Malassezia obtidas da superfície cutânea do couro cabeludo, antes e após os tratamentos. Métodos: estudo de intervenção terapêutica, randomizado e comparativo incluiu homens e mulheres, de 18 a 40 anos, com seborreia/dermatite seborreica moderada a grave, após verificação de critérios de seleção. Foram constituídos dois grupos randomizados para tratamento: (a) isotretinoína oral (ISO), 10 mg/dia, em dias alternados e (b) xampu e sabonete anti-seborreicos (XAMPU) três vezes por semana durante seis meses. A eficácia foi avaliada pela opinião do participante da pesquisa, escore clínico de gravidade (escore total e sinais clínicos), medição da secreção sebácea pelo Sebumeter® nas fases pré, meio e após tratamento e qualidade de vida antes e ao final do tratamento. A segurança foi verificada pelo relato e ocorrência de eventos adversos clínico-laboratoriais e pela medição da hidratação da pele. A população intention-to-treat foi submetida à análise estatística. A coleta de escamas/sebo do couro cabeludo foi realizada e incubados no meio de Dixon modificado a 32 º C. Procedeu-se às identificações fenotípica e genotípica. O seqüenciamento do DNA utilizou primers para as regiões ITS e D1/D2 do DNA ribossomal. Resultados: os participantes dos grupos ISO (n=25) e XAMPU (n=20) apresentaram idade média de 28,7 ± 5,8 e 29,8 ± 6,5 respectivamente, e a associação entre seborreia/dermatite seborreia correspondeu ao diagnóstico clínico mais frequente; houve melhora na opinião dos participantes, do escore clínico de gravidade e redução de produção de sebo do couro cabeludo sem diferenças entre os tratamentos. Na face, o nível de secreção sebácea foi menor no grupo ISO. Houve melhora clínica da qualidade de vida nos dois grupos e os eventos adversos foram previsíveis, de intensidade leve em sua maioria, e bem controlados. M. globosa e M. restricta foram as espécies predominantes isoladas no couro cabeludo em ambos os grupos antes e após os tratamentos. Outras espécies fúngicas que não Malassezia também foram identificadas. Limitações: pequeno número de participantes; dose baixa de isotretinoína sem considerar peso e falta de seguimento prolongado. Conclusões: dose baixa de isotretinoína oral foi eficaz e segura para seborreia/dermatite seborreica moderada a grave, com redução significante da taxa de secreção sebácea. Entretanto, não foi superior ao tratamento tópico. As Malassezia spp. colonizaram a pele do couro cabeludo em ambos os grupos mesmo após tratamento.