Navegando por Palavras-chave "farmacologia"

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    Avaliação morfofuncional e estresse oxidativo no intestino de camundongos distróficos (mdx)
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2014-12-17) Alves, Gabriel Andrade [UNIFESP]; Nouailhetas, Viviane Louise Andree Nouailhetas [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Dystrophin is a component of the complex of dystrophin-associated proteins, which connects the cytoskeleton to the plasma membrane and the extracellular matrix. Their lack causes Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD), characterized by a progressive degeneration of skeletal and cardiac muscle, leading to death in patients third decade of life. Although DMD patients had gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea and pseudo obstruction, little is known of the role of dystrophin in the intestinal smooth muscle (MLI). We aim to understand what is the role of dystrophin protein in MLI: structurally and functionally, muscle contraction. Specifically studied animal model (mdx mice), and assess the structure and ultrastructure of the ILM, the resistance loss of contractile response of the MLI exposed stretch, a loss of contractile response in medium without Ca2 + (essential for contraction) and recovery contractile respota with the replacement of the ion in the presence or absence of nifedipine (blocker Cav1.2b). Observe surprising resistance to loss of response during stretch despite the animal gut dystrophic have structural mucosal deficit and have demonstrated loss of muscle layer (30%) compared to the control, present degenerate mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum change. The response in medium without calcium, dystrophic animals was more resistant both to the loss of contraction in medium without Ca2 +, as the recovery of contractility with replacement ion. Dystrophin has a peculiar role in MLI, different from that of skeletal muscle, because despite the visible structural deficit, there was an increase in resistance to loss of contractility stretch. The dystrophic mdx mice also presents kinetics in response to varying external impaired calcium concentration (thus probably with changes in Cav1.2b), which may help to understand symptoms present in DMD patients.
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    Ictogênese, epileptogênese e mecanismo de ação das drogas na profilaxia e tratamento da epilepsia
    (Liga Brasileira de Epilepsia (LBE), 2008-11-01) Silva, Alexandre Valotta da [UNIFESP]; Cabral, Francisco Romero [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Hospital Albert Einstein Instituto Israelita de Ensino e Pesquisa Instituto do Cérebro
    INTRODUCTION: The neurologist who wants to properly manage his patients with epilepsy should be familiar with the mechanisms of generation, propagation and interruption of seizures. In this article, we briefly review the mechanisms of seizure generation in patients with epilepsy (ictogenesis) and the process involved in the development of epilepsy after a brain lesion (epileptogenesis). In addition, we present the mechanisms of action of the main drugs used in each of these situations, that is, antiictogenic and antiepileptogenic drugs. PURPOSE: To present and discuss the main concepts about ictogenesis, epileptogenesis and mechanism of action of the drugs used for prevent and treat epilepsy. CONCLUSION: Different pharmacological approaches have been developed and tested in an effort to block seizures more efficiently and prevent the development of epilepsy after a brain injury. One might expect that with the advancement of knowledge, new drugs will be developed and allow a better result in the prevention and treatment of epilepsy.