Navegando por Palavras-chave "locomotion"

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    Amphetamine- and nicotine-induced cross-sensitization in adolescent rats persists until adulthood
    (Wiley-Blackwell, 2009-07-01) Santos, Gabriela C.; Marin, Marcelo T.; Cruz, Fabio Cardoso [UNIFESP]; DeLucia, Roberto; Planeta, Cleopatra S.; UNESP São Paulo State Univ; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
    Nicotine and psychostimulants are often abused in combination and drug abuse often begins during adolescence and can have long-term consequences. Behavioral sensitization has been suggested as an animal model of neuroplasticity implicated in the development of drug addiction. We evaluated whether the pretreatment with nicotine (0.4 mg/kg; s.c.) or amphetamine (5.0 mg/kg: i.p.) in adolescent rats [from postnatal day (P) 28 to P34] could induce cross-sensitization to nicotine and amphetamine when animals were challenged during both adolescence (P37) and adulthood (P70), in separate groups of animals. Adolescent animals pretreated with amphetamine displayed behavioral sensitization to nicotine. which persisted until adulthood. Moreover. adolescent animals pretreated with nicotine showed sensitized locomotor response to amphetamine in the adulthood. These data suggest that adolescents who abuse nicotine may be particularly susceptible to the effects of amphetamine and vice versa. Moreover. this increased vulnerability may persist through their development until adulthood.
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    Boys With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: 1-Year Locomotor Changes in Relation to a Control Group
    (Sage Publications Inc, 2018) Martini, Joyce; Caromano, Fatima Aparecida; Carvalho, Eduardo Vital; Goya, Priscila Albuquerque; Hayasaka, Rosana Massae [UNIFESP]; Nakazune, Silvia [UNIFESP]; Favero, Francis Meire [UNIFESP]; Voos, Mariana Callil
    We compared the timed performance and compensatory movements of 32 boys (mean age = 10.0 years) with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and 38 healthy boys (mean age = 9.2 years) on 10-meter walking and four-step stair work (climbing and descending). Dependent measures were digital scores on the Functional Evaluation Scale for DMD obtained by watching the boys on film. Groups were compared initially and after 6 and 12 months, using General Linear Models analysis (for two groups and three assessments). Results showed no significant timed performance differences between groups on 10-m walking at the initial assessment
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    Characterization of the rapid-onset type of behavioral sensitization to amphetamine in mice: Role of drug-environment conditioning
    (Nature Publishing Group, 2006-01-01) Chinen, Cibele Cristina; Faria, Rulian Ricardo; Frussa-Filho, Roberto [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    A rapid-onset type of behavioral sensitization (ROBS) has been demonstrated in rats treated with a single 'priming' injection of amphetamine (AMP). in that species, however, this phenomenon was restricted to AMP-induced stereotyped behavior (SB), not occurring for the locomotor-stimulant effect (LSE) of AMP and not reflecting environment-specific sensitization. in the present study, the ROBS was characterized in the mouse. Mice received a single 'priming' intraperitoneal injection of 5.0 mg/kg AMP which was paired or not with environment. At different intervals (3, 4 or 5 h) subgroups were tested for AMP (1.5 or 5.0 mg/kg)-induced SB or AMP (1.5 mg/kg)-induced open-field LSE. Results showed that: (1) in the absence of drug-environment association, a priming injection of AMP increased the SB induced by a 1.5 mg/kg AMP challenge injection given 3 h (but not 4 or 5 h) later; (2) when the dose of AMP challenge injection was increased to 5.0 mg/kg, an enhancement of SB was verified at all the intervals tested (3, 4, and 5 h); (3) when animals were tested in an open field, the priming injection of AMP produced an increase in the LSE of a 1.5 mg/kg AMP challenge injection, given 4 h later; (4) drug-environment association increased both SB and locomotion after a saline challenge injection and potentiated the rapid-onset sensitization of both behaviors in AMP-challenged mice. Collectively, these results demonstrate that the ROBS phenomenon also occurs in mice, is extended to AMP-induced LSE, and is markedly potentiated by (but does not depend on) environmental conditioning.