Navegando por Palavras-chave "nutrition therapy"

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    Avaliação da eficiência da nutrição parenteral quanto à oferta de energia em pacientes oncológicos pediátricos
    (Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, 2007-04-01) Garófolo, Adriana [UNIFESP]; Boin, Susiane Gusi [UNIFESP]; Modesto, Patrícia Claudia [UNIFESP]; Petrilli, Antonio Sergio [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate parenteral nutrition efficiency in supplying energy for pediatric oncology patients, indications and main difficulties in the procedure. METHODS: This was an observational descriptive study done from July 2003 to July 2004 at the Pediatric Oncology Institute of the Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP). Inclusion criteria: hospitalized cancer patients receiving parenteral. Energy adequateness was analyzed by equations that calculated basal energy expenditure adjusted for initial progression. RESULTS: Forty-one (4%) of the 1016 hospitalized patients received parenteral nutrition: 54% were males and received parenteral nutrition for a median of 10 days (1-51). Fifty-six percent of the episodes did not reach the adjusted basal energy expenditure; 26% remained between 100 and 120% and 18% were above 120%. The mean adjusted basal energy expenditure was 106% with a standard deviation of 38% and a median of 96%. The reasons associated with difficulties to achieve the basal energy expenditure were metabolic intolerance, non-exclusive parenteral nutrition, suspension or interruption of its use, prescription without discussing with nutritionist and use of peripheral route. Parenteral nutrition was mainly indicated in gastrointestinal toxicity. The discarded volume of parenteral nutrition was above 10% in 17 of 35 episodes (49%). Protection from room light (cover) assessed in 19 patients during the days of administration detected an absence of 37 of 315 days (12%). CONCLUSION: Energy supply did not meet the demands of a high percentage of the patients, mainly because of the severity of the clinical scenario, interruptions and non-exclusive use, reducing the amount of time available to administer the nutrition. A multidisciplinary team which would improve the efficiency of the procedures could reduce the losses, guaranteeing a more adequate supply and increasing the benefits of parenteral nutrition.
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    Desnutrição energético-proteica grave durante a hospitalização: aspectos fisiopatológicos e terapêuticos
    (Sociedade de Pediatria de São Paulo, 2010-09-01) Lima, Adriana Martins de [UNIFESP]; Gamallo, Silvia Maria M. [UNIFESP]; Oliveira, Fernanda Luisa Ceragioli [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    OBJECTIVE: To identify the main physiopathological aspects of severe protein-energy malnutrition and its treatment. DATA SOURCE: Based on the World Health Organization guidelines (WHO, 1999), an electronic search for papers on hospital treatment of children with severe malnutrition was performed on Lilacs, Medline and SciELO databases. Studies in English, Spanish and Portuguese published in the last ten years were searched by the following key-words: malnutrition, child, hospitalization, nutrition therapy, practice guidelines, WHO. DATA SYNTHESIS: The main pathological aspects of severe malnutrition and its specific treatment were reviewed. The main clinical and metabolic complications of severe malnutrition were identified such as hypothermia, hypoglycemia, dehydration, usual infections, intestinal malabsorption, as well as stabilization and recovery phases, were defined. Understanding the main concepts of the physiopathology of this condition, associated with appropriate nutrition support planning, can decrease morbidity and mortality risks of children younger than five years old. CONCLUSIONS: The implementation of the 1999 WHO guidelines should take into consideration local economic and cultural aspects, as well as the professional health care training. Due to the complexity of severe malnutrition, adequate knowledge about basic aspects of this condition helps providing adequate diagnosis and treatment.