Macrophage polarization: implications on metabolic diseases and the role of exercise

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dc.contributor.authorSanches Silveira, Loreana
dc.contributor.authorMello Antunes, Barbara de Moura
dc.contributor.authorMinari, André Luis Araújo [UNIFESP]
dc.contributor.authorSantos, Ronaldo Vagner Thomatieli dos [UNIFESP]
dc.contributor.authorRosa Neto, José Cesar
dc.contributor.authorLira, Fabio Santos de
dc.date.accessioned2019-01-21T10:29:51Z
dc.date.available2019-01-21T10:29:51Z
dc.date.issued2016
dc.description.abstractMacrophages are cells of the innate immune response that trigger inflammation resolution. The phenotype of "classically activated macrophages" (M1) has anti-tumoricidal and anti-bactericidal activities. On the other hand, "alternatively activated macrophages" (M2) are involved in tissue remodeling and immunomodulatory functions. The change in the polarization of macrophages varies according to the diversity of cytokines present in the microenvironment or by the stimuli of an antigen. It involves such factors as interferon-regulatory factors, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), and signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs). Switching the phenotype of macrophages can help attenuate the development of an inflammatory disease. Exercise can promote alterations in the number of innate immune cells and stimulates phagocytic function. Chronic exercise seems to inhibit macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue by attenuating the expression of F4/80 mRNA. Furthermore, exercise may also increase the expression of M2 markers and reduce TNF-alpha and TLR4 mRNA expression, which activates the inflammatory pathway of NF-kappa B. Chronic exercise reduces beta 2-adrenergic receptors in monocytes and macrophages by modulating TLR4 signaling as well as suppressing IL-12 production, a stimulator of interferon.. In this review, we discuss macrophage polarization in metabolic diseases and how exercise can modulate macrophage plasticity.en
dc.description.affiliationImmunometabolism Research Group, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Cell Biology and Development, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof Lineu Prestes, 1524, 05508-000 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationExercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Department of Physical Education, University of the State of Sao Paulo, Rua Roberto Simonsen, 305, 19060-900 Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationPsychobiology Department, Federal University of Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationBioscience Department, Campus Baixada Santista, Federal University of Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, Santos, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationUnifespPsychobiology Department, Federal University of Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationUnifespBioscience Department, Campus Baixada Santista, Federal University of Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, Santos, Brazil
dc.description.sourceWeb of Science
dc.description.sponsorshipFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)pt
dc.description.sponsorshipIDFAPESP: 2014/01246-6
dc.description.sponsorshipIDFAPESP: 2014/08003-1
dc.description.sponsorshipIDFAPESP: 2013/09367-4
dc.description.sponsorshipIDFAPESP: 2013/25310-2
dc.format.extent115-132
dc.identifierhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1615/CritRevEukaryotGeneExpr.2016015920
dc.identifier.citationCritical Reviews In Eukaryotic Gene Expression. Danbury, v. 26, n. 2, p. 115-132, 2016.
dc.identifier.doi10.1615/CritRevEukaryotGeneExpr.2016015920
dc.identifier.issn1045-4403
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/49441
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000380778100002
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherConsel Brasil Oftalmologia
dc.relation.ispartofCritical Reviews In Eukaryotic Gene Expression
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
dc.subjectMacrophagesen
dc.subjectImmune Systemen
dc.subjectInflammationen
dc.subjectExerciseen
dc.subjectTranscriptional FactorAdipose-Tissue Inflammationen
dc.subjectProliferator-Activated Receptorsen
dc.subjectHuman Skeletal-Muscleen
dc.subjectFatty Liver-Diseaseen
dc.subjectInsulin-Resistanceen
dc.subjectPpar-Gammaen
dc.subjectAlternative Activationen
dc.subjectLengthening Contractionsen
dc.subjectPhenotypic Switchen
dc.subjectImmune Activationen
dc.titleMacrophage polarization: implications on metabolic diseases and the role of exerciseen
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/article
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