Edifício Verde: Projeto de uma planta vertical de cultivo e produção de energia a partir da microalga Chlorella sp.
Data
2021-08-04
Autores
Mendes, Christine Camargo 
Orientadores
Barrera-Alba, José Juan
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Devido a mudanças climáticas, a principal fonte de energia do Brasil, as hidrelétricas, tem sido diretamente afetada pela escassez de chuvas. Logo, a necessidade de encontrarmos novas fontes sustentáveis de energia que garantam a estabilidade energética, é urgente. Uma alternativa viável, muito estudada nos últimos anos, é a energia através das microalgas. Através delas, é possível extrair biodiesel, bioetanol, biogás e combustíveis sólidos (pellets), além de outros tipos de bioprodutos com finalidades não energéticas. Outro ponto a ser considerado, é a alta densidade populacional nas cidades, que impactam na elaboração de soluções pontuais próximas aos centros urbanos. Sendo assim, este estudo traz um projeto de cultivo vertical da microalga Chlorella sp. em um edifício de 5 andares a fim de gerar energia através da biomassa microalgal para suprir parte do
consumo energético do condomínio. Foram utilizados 24 fotobiorreatores planares para o cultivo, no entanto, a extração da biomassa será realizada com 2 reatores por dia, isto porque o ciclo de crescimento da microalga escolhida é de 12 dias. Logo, o projeto foi pensado de uma maneira que a biorrefinaria e a geração de energia fosse contínua. Todos os cálculos para a obtenção dos resultados foram baseados em dados da literatura. Dessa forma, atingimos a geração de elétrica diária e mensal de 1,435616 kWh/Kg e 43,06848 kWh/Kg, respectivamente. Com isso, concluímos que é possível manter o consumo diário de 3 fitas LED por 5 horas, 4 celulares por 2 horas, e 14 lâmpadas LED por 8 horas.
Due to climate change, the main source of energy in Brazil, such as hydroelectric plants, have been directly affected by the lack of rainfall. Therefore, the need to find new sustainable sources of energy that guarantee energy stability is urgent. A viable alternative, much studied over the years, is energy through microalgae. From them, it is possible to extract biodiesel, bioethanol, biogas and solid solids (pellets), as well as other types of bioproducts with non-energy purposes. Another point considered is the high population density in cities, which impact the formulation of specific solutions close to urban centers. Therefore, this study brings a project of vertical cultivation of the microalgae Chlorella sp. in a 5-storey building in order to generate energy from microalgal biomass to supply part of the energy consumption of the condominium. Twenty-four planar photobioreactors were used for cultivation, however, the biomass extraction will be carried out with two reactors per day, because the chosen microalgae growth cycle is twelve days. Thus, the project was designed in a way that the biorefinery and energy generation would be continuous. All calculations to obtain the results were based on literature data. So, we achieved daily and monthly electricity generation of 1,435616 kWh/Kg and 43,06848 kWh/Kg, respectively. With that, we concluded that it is possible to maintain the daily consumption of 3 LED strips for 5 hours, 4 cell phones for 2 hours, and 14 LED bulbs for 8 hours.
Due to climate change, the main source of energy in Brazil, such as hydroelectric plants, have been directly affected by the lack of rainfall. Therefore, the need to find new sustainable sources of energy that guarantee energy stability is urgent. A viable alternative, much studied over the years, is energy through microalgae. From them, it is possible to extract biodiesel, bioethanol, biogas and solid solids (pellets), as well as other types of bioproducts with non-energy purposes. Another point considered is the high population density in cities, which impact the formulation of specific solutions close to urban centers. Therefore, this study brings a project of vertical cultivation of the microalgae Chlorella sp. in a 5-storey building in order to generate energy from microalgal biomass to supply part of the energy consumption of the condominium. Twenty-four planar photobioreactors were used for cultivation, however, the biomass extraction will be carried out with two reactors per day, because the chosen microalgae growth cycle is twelve days. Thus, the project was designed in a way that the biorefinery and energy generation would be continuous. All calculations to obtain the results were based on literature data. So, we achieved daily and monthly electricity generation of 1,435616 kWh/Kg and 43,06848 kWh/Kg, respectively. With that, we concluded that it is possible to maintain the daily consumption of 3 LED strips for 5 hours, 4 cell phones for 2 hours, and 14 LED bulbs for 8 hours.
Descrição
Citação
MENDES, Christine Camargo. Edifício Verde: Projeto de uma planta vertical de cultivo e produção de energia a partir da microalga Chlorella sp. 2021. 31 f. Trabalho de conclusão de curso (Graduação em Engenharia de Petróleo) - Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2021.