Avaliação da funcionalidade de Trabalhadores da construção civil
Data
2022-01-25
Autores
Pereira, Daniel Soares 
Orientadores
Cockell, Fernanda Flávia
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Introdução: A precariedade de trabalho na construção civil é marcada pelos elevados índices de acidentes e doenças do trabalho, más condições de trabalho, instabilidade de emprego e de renda, pela alta rotatividade e, sobretudo, pela insuficiência de garantias contratuais. As exigências e pressões às quais os trabalhadores estão submetidos, assim como os recursos psicológicos para enfrentar as adversidades no trabalho, podem interferir em sua funcionalidade favorecendo limitações de atividade e restrições de participação social. Objetivos: Este projeto tem como objetivo avaliar a funcionalidade dos trabalhadores de construção civil e a influência dos fatores pessoais e ambientais (facilitadores ou barreiras). Métodos: Aplicação do questionário Whodas 2.0, versão 36 questões, traduzida e adaptada à realidade brasileira para a avaliação do grau de funcionalidade dos trabalhadores da construção civil maiores de 18 anos e suas intersecções com sexo, escolaridade, raça, função, presença de dor osteoarticular e características do trabalho desempenhado.
Resultados: A amostra coletada apresenta 26 trabalhadores da construção civil, de ambos os sexos, 92 % masculino, com idade média de 41,73 anos, 23% possuem o ensino médio completo, maioria autos declarados negros, heterossexuais, solteiros ou em união estável. Do total, 38% vivem em residências com outras 05 pessoas, 50% com renda familiar mensal entre 02 e 04 salários mínimos com média de horas trabalhadas semanais de 43,34. Referente à Classificação da funcionalidade Whodas 2.0 os achados mostram que seis trabalhadores já com incapacidades moderadas (23%) e um grave (4%). Apesar de mais da metade possuir incapacidade leve (54%), porém, trabalharam com dor nos últimos trinta dias (16 % leve, 43% moderada e 8 % grave).
Conclusão: Os contextos de trabalho influenciam os níveis de funcionalidades dos trabalhadores da construção civil. A grande maioria apresentou queixas de dores osteomusculares nos últimos trinta dias e já possui algum tipo de incapacidade. É preciso compreender as condições de saúde, antes mesmo de um quadro de deficiência seja diagnosticado. O registro da funcionalidade permite compreender as condições de saúde do trabalhador na construção civil, invertendo a lógica da doença ou de ações baseadas apenas nos índices de absenteísmo, pois mesmo com incapacidades e dores seguem trabalhando.
Introduction: The precariousness of work in civil construction is marked by high rates of accidents and occupational diseases, poor working conditions, employment instability and low wages, high turnover and, especially, the insufficiency of contractual guarantees. The demands and pressures to which workers are subjected, as well as the psychological resources to endure adversities at work, can interfere with their functionality, favoring activity limitations and restrictions on social participation. Objectives: This project purpose to evaluate the functionality of construction workers and the influence of personal and environmental factors (facilitators or barriers). Methods: Application of the Whodas 2.0 questionnaire, version 36 questions, translated and adapted to the Brazilian reality to assess the degree of functionality of construction workers over 18 years of age and its intersections with gender, education, race, function, presence of musculoskeletal pain and characteristics of the work performed. Results: The collected sample has 26 construction workers, of both sexes, 92% male, with an average age of 41.73 years, 23% have completed high school, most self-declared black, heterosexual, single or in a stable relationship. Of the total, 38% live in homes with 5 other people, 50% with a monthly family income between 2 and 4 ‘minimum wages’ with an average weekly hours worked of 43.34. Regarding the Whodas 2.0 functionality classification, the findings show that six workers already had moderate disabilities (23%) and one severe (4%). Although more than half had mild disability (54%), however, they worked with pain in the last thirty days (16% mild, 43% moderate and 8% severe). Conclusion: Work contexts influence the levels of functionality of construction workers. The vast majority had complaints of musculoskeletal pain in the last thirty days and already have some kind of disability. It is necessary to understand the health conditions, even before a disability is diagnosed. Recording functionality allows us to understand the health conditions of workers in civil construction, inverting the logic of the disease or actions based only on absenteeism rates, because even with disabilities and pain they continue to work.
Introduction: The precariousness of work in civil construction is marked by high rates of accidents and occupational diseases, poor working conditions, employment instability and low wages, high turnover and, especially, the insufficiency of contractual guarantees. The demands and pressures to which workers are subjected, as well as the psychological resources to endure adversities at work, can interfere with their functionality, favoring activity limitations and restrictions on social participation. Objectives: This project purpose to evaluate the functionality of construction workers and the influence of personal and environmental factors (facilitators or barriers). Methods: Application of the Whodas 2.0 questionnaire, version 36 questions, translated and adapted to the Brazilian reality to assess the degree of functionality of construction workers over 18 years of age and its intersections with gender, education, race, function, presence of musculoskeletal pain and characteristics of the work performed. Results: The collected sample has 26 construction workers, of both sexes, 92% male, with an average age of 41.73 years, 23% have completed high school, most self-declared black, heterosexual, single or in a stable relationship. Of the total, 38% live in homes with 5 other people, 50% with a monthly family income between 2 and 4 ‘minimum wages’ with an average weekly hours worked of 43.34. Regarding the Whodas 2.0 functionality classification, the findings show that six workers already had moderate disabilities (23%) and one severe (4%). Although more than half had mild disability (54%), however, they worked with pain in the last thirty days (16% mild, 43% moderate and 8% severe). Conclusion: Work contexts influence the levels of functionality of construction workers. The vast majority had complaints of musculoskeletal pain in the last thirty days and already have some kind of disability. It is necessary to understand the health conditions, even before a disability is diagnosed. Recording functionality allows us to understand the health conditions of workers in civil construction, inverting the logic of the disease or actions based only on absenteeism rates, because even with disabilities and pain they continue to work.
Descrição
Citação
PEREIRA, Daniel Soares. Avaliação da funcionalidade de Trabalhadores da construção civil. 2022. 46 f. Trabalho de conclusão de curso (Graduação em Fisioterapia) - Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2022.