Homens e transtornos alimentares: imagem corporal, comportamento alimentar e sexualidade
Data
2023-02-24
Autores
Falcão, Carime Bittar 
Orientadores
Frutuoso, Maria Fernanda Petroli
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Os transtornos alimentares (TA) são psicopatologias cada vez mais frequentes, influenciadas pela pressão estética, pelo ideal de magreza e pela enorme quantidade de informações sobre dietas e alimentos. A crescente demanda de cuidado para homens com TA justifica a importância da produção de conhecimento sobre este público, reforçada pelos inúmeros estereótipos que cercam a doença e dificultam a busca por ajuda profissional. Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar a relação dos TA em homens com a imagem corporal, comportamento alimentar e orientação sexual. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo produzido a partir do registro em diários de campo, cuja fundamentação metodológica se desdobrou da seguinte forma: (A) entrevistas semiestruturadas on-line com cinco pessoas masculinas; e (B) observações, realizadas por meio de encontros virtuais, com oito homens acompanhados pelo GEAHTA (Grupo Especializado em Homens com Transtornos Alimentares). Todos os indivíduos são pacientes do AMBULIM (Ambulatório de Transtornos Alimentares) do Instituto de Psiquiatria do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. Os achados mostram que todos os pacientes têm histórico de inúmeras dietas restritivas ao longo da vida, assim como condutas purgativas, práticas de atividades físicas excessivas, uso de medicamentos e anabolizantes; e apresentam ou já apresentaram relações conflituosas com o peso e o corpo. Os que se declaram homossexuais referem pressão estética sofrida dentro da comunidade LGBTQIA+ e, independente da orientação sexual, os indivíduos negros, gordos, pobres e com características femininas relataram situações de exclusão na comunidade. Os relatos indicam conflitos, que provocam sofrimento entre o que é ser homem e de como performar essa masculinidade na sociedade, principalmente nas relações interpessoais. O acompanhamento do grupo aponta que a regulação das emoções pode melhorar significantemente comportamentos disfuncionais em relação à alimentação, imagem corporal e orientação sexual e que se faz necessário assumir a pluralidade de formas de ser homem para a construção de novas relações com a comida e com o comer.
Eating disorders (ED) are increasingly frequent psychopathologies, influenced by aesthetic pressure, the ideal of thinness and the enormous amount of information about diets and food. The growing demand for care for men with ED justifies the importance of producing knowledge about this public, reinforced by the numerous stereotypes surrounding the disease and making it difficult to seek professional help. This study aimed to identify the relationship between ED in men and body image, eating behaviour and sexual orientation. This is a qualitative study produced from records in field diaries, whose methodological foundation unfolded as follows: (A) semi-structured online interviews with five male people; and (B) observations, carried out through virtual meetings, with eight men monitored by the GEAHTA (Specialized Group for Men with Eating Disorders). All individuals are patients of the AMBULIM (Eating Disorders Ambulatory) of the Institute of Psychiatry, Clinical Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo. The findings show that all patients have a history of numerous restrictive diets throughout their lives, as well as purging behaviours, excessive physical activity, use of medication and anabolic steroids; and they have or have already had conflicting relationships with weight and body. Those who declare themselves homosexuals refer to the aesthetic pressure suffered within the LGBTQIA+ community and, regardless of sexual orientation, black, fat, poor individuals with feminine characteristics reported situations of exclusion in the community. The reports indicate conflicts, which cause suffering, between what it is to be a man and how to perform this masculinity in society, especially in interpersonal relationships. The follow-up of the group points out that the regulation of emotions can significantly improve dysfunctional behaviours in relation to food, body image and sexual orientation and that it is necessary to assume the plurality of ways of being a man in order to build new relationships with food and eating.
Eating disorders (ED) are increasingly frequent psychopathologies, influenced by aesthetic pressure, the ideal of thinness and the enormous amount of information about diets and food. The growing demand for care for men with ED justifies the importance of producing knowledge about this public, reinforced by the numerous stereotypes surrounding the disease and making it difficult to seek professional help. This study aimed to identify the relationship between ED in men and body image, eating behaviour and sexual orientation. This is a qualitative study produced from records in field diaries, whose methodological foundation unfolded as follows: (A) semi-structured online interviews with five male people; and (B) observations, carried out through virtual meetings, with eight men monitored by the GEAHTA (Specialized Group for Men with Eating Disorders). All individuals are patients of the AMBULIM (Eating Disorders Ambulatory) of the Institute of Psychiatry, Clinical Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo. The findings show that all patients have a history of numerous restrictive diets throughout their lives, as well as purging behaviours, excessive physical activity, use of medication and anabolic steroids; and they have or have already had conflicting relationships with weight and body. Those who declare themselves homosexuals refer to the aesthetic pressure suffered within the LGBTQIA+ community and, regardless of sexual orientation, black, fat, poor individuals with feminine characteristics reported situations of exclusion in the community. The reports indicate conflicts, which cause suffering, between what it is to be a man and how to perform this masculinity in society, especially in interpersonal relationships. The follow-up of the group points out that the regulation of emotions can significantly improve dysfunctional behaviours in relation to food, body image and sexual orientation and that it is necessary to assume the plurality of ways of being a man in order to build new relationships with food and eating.
Descrição
Citação
FALCÃO, Carime Bittar. Homens e transtornos alimentares: imagem corporal, comportamento alimentar e sexualidade. 2023. 79 f. Dissertação (Mestrado Interdisciplinar em Ciências da Saúde) - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Santos, 2023.