Deficiência auditiva, restrição de participação e cognição: um estudo em idosos
Data
2024
Autores
Luz, Vivian Baptista 
Orientadores
Martinelli, Maria Cecília
Tipo
Tese de doutorado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Objetivos: Estudou-se a relação entre a cognição, restrições de participação em atividades de vida diária e solidão em idosos com perdas auditivas não tratadas. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional, transversal com amostra por conveniência. Foram selecionados 50 idosos, 25 do sexo feminino e 25 do masculino, com idade de 61 a 86 anos, com perda auditiva neurossensorial bilateral simétrica adquirida de grau leve e moderado relacionada ao envelhecimento. O protocolo de pesquisa constituiu-se de avaliação audiologica básica, questionário de autoavaliação Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly (HHIE), Escala Brasileira de solidão UCLA-BR, triagem cognitiva CASI-S e Span de dígitos direto e inverso. Realizou-se a análise dos dados por meio do software Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS), versão 28.0. Para a investigação da influência do grau da perda auditiva, sexo, escolaridade e escore do CASI-S na sensação de solidão e na autopercepção de restrição de participação em atividades de vida diária, foram elaborados modelos de regressão linear múltipla. O valor de significância estatística foi igual a 5% (p ≤ 0,05). Resultados: Não houve diferença quanto ao sexo para nenhuma das variáveis analisadas. Quanto maior a perda auditiva, maior a autopercepção de restrição de participação (escore HHIE social, emocional e total) e maior a solidão reportada. Quanto maior a idade menor a pontuação no Span de dígitos para ordem direta e inversa. Quanto maior o nível socioeconômico, maior a pontuação no Span de dígitos em ordem direta e inversa, melhor o desempenho cognitivo (maiores escores no CASI-S) e menor a autopercepção de restrição de participação na escala social e escore total. As variâncias das pontuações do CASI e HHIE foram capazes de explicar, respectivamente, 3,3% e 30,8% da variância da pontuação da UCLA-BR. A variância da pontuação da UCLA-BR foi capaz de explicar 33,9% da variância da pontuação do HHIE. Conclusão: Quanto maior a perda auditiva, maior a restrição de participação em atividades de vida diária e maior a solidão reportadas; as variâncias das pontuações do HHIE foram capazes de explicar um terço da pontuação da UCLA-BR e a variância da pontuação da UCLA-BR foi capaz de explicar um terço da variância da pontuação do HHIE.
Objectives: The relationship between cognition, participation restrictions in daily activities and loneliness in elderly individuals with untreated hearing impairment was studied. Methods: This is an observational, cross-sectional study with a convenience sample. Fifty elderly individuals, including 25 females and 25 males, aged between 61 and 86 years, were selected. They had acquired bilateral symmetrical sensorineural hearing loss of mild and moderate degree associated with aging. The research protocol included a basic audiological evaluation, the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly (HHIE) self-assessment questionnaire, the Brazilian Loneliness Scale UCLA-BR, cognitive screening CASI-S, and direct and reverse digit span. Data analysis was conducted using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS), version 28.0. Multiple linear regression models were developed to investigate the influence of the degree of hearing loss, gender, education level, and CASI-S score on feelings of loneliness and self-perceived participation restrictions in daily activities. The level of statistical significance was set at 5% (p ≤ 0.05). Results: There was no difference by gender for any of the variables analyzed. The greater the hearing loss, the higher the self-perception of participation restrictions (social, emotional, and total HHIE score) and the higher the reported loneliness. The older the individual, the lower the digit span scores for both direct and reverse order. Higher socioeconomic status was associated with higher digit span scores in both direct and reverse order, better cognitive performance (higher CASI-S scores), and lower self-perception of participation restrictions on the social scale and total score. The variances in CASI and HHIE scores were able to explain 3.3% and 30.8% of the variance in UCLA-BR scores, respectively. The variance in UCLA-BR scores was able to explain 33.9% of the variance in HHIE scores. Conclusion: The greater the hearing loss, the higher the reported participation restrictions in daily activities and loneliness; the variances in HHIE scores could explain one-third of the UCLA-BR score variance, and the variance in UCLA-BR scores could explain one-third of the HHIE score variance.
Objectives: The relationship between cognition, participation restrictions in daily activities and loneliness in elderly individuals with untreated hearing impairment was studied. Methods: This is an observational, cross-sectional study with a convenience sample. Fifty elderly individuals, including 25 females and 25 males, aged between 61 and 86 years, were selected. They had acquired bilateral symmetrical sensorineural hearing loss of mild and moderate degree associated with aging. The research protocol included a basic audiological evaluation, the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly (HHIE) self-assessment questionnaire, the Brazilian Loneliness Scale UCLA-BR, cognitive screening CASI-S, and direct and reverse digit span. Data analysis was conducted using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS), version 28.0. Multiple linear regression models were developed to investigate the influence of the degree of hearing loss, gender, education level, and CASI-S score on feelings of loneliness and self-perceived participation restrictions in daily activities. The level of statistical significance was set at 5% (p ≤ 0.05). Results: There was no difference by gender for any of the variables analyzed. The greater the hearing loss, the higher the self-perception of participation restrictions (social, emotional, and total HHIE score) and the higher the reported loneliness. The older the individual, the lower the digit span scores for both direct and reverse order. Higher socioeconomic status was associated with higher digit span scores in both direct and reverse order, better cognitive performance (higher CASI-S scores), and lower self-perception of participation restrictions on the social scale and total score. The variances in CASI and HHIE scores were able to explain 3.3% and 30.8% of the variance in UCLA-BR scores, respectively. The variance in UCLA-BR scores was able to explain 33.9% of the variance in HHIE scores. Conclusion: The greater the hearing loss, the higher the reported participation restrictions in daily activities and loneliness; the variances in HHIE scores could explain one-third of the UCLA-BR score variance, and the variance in UCLA-BR scores could explain one-third of the HHIE score variance.
Descrição
Citação
LUZ, Vivian Baptista. Deficiência Auditiva, Restrição de participação e cognição: um estudo em idosos. 2024. 90 f. Tese (Doutorado em Distúrbios da Comunicação Humana) – Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2024.