Análise imunoistoquímica e histomorfométrica do potencial osteogênico in vivo de scaffolds manufaturados a partir de duas espécies de esponjas marinhas
Data
2019-11-29
Autores
Saito, Larissa Pereira 
Orientadores
Santos, Cíntia Pereira de Góes
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
A demanda por enxertos para tratamento de perdas ósseas de diversas origens, como traumas ou doenças, é crescente no Brasil, porém, a maioria dos biomateriais desenvolvidos para esta finalidade é importada ou com manufatura dependente de tecnologia estrangeira, restringindo a disseminação desses produtos, principalmente no sistema de saúde público. Economicamente mais acessíveis, os enxertos de origem natural são considerados mais biocompatíveis em relação aos biomateriais sintéticos por sua superfície bioativa para adesão e proliferação celular. Neste contexto, o presente estudo propõe o aproveitamento do rico potencial da biodiversidade marinha brasileira a partir da avaliação da performance biológica de esponjas marinhas, para uso como substituto ósseo na engenharia de tecidos. O objetivo foi comparar o potencial osteogênico in vivo de scaffolds manufaturados a partir das espécies de esponjas Dragmacidon reticulatum e Amphimedon viridis. Para tal, foi utilizado o modelo de implantação de scaffolds em defeito ósseo cirurgicamente criado nas tíbias de ratos em período experimental de 15 dias. Os animais foram divididos aleatoriamente em três grupos: grupo controle (GC), no qual os defeitos ósseos não foram preenchidos com biomaterial, grupos Dragmacidon reticulatum (GD) e Amphimedon viridis (GA), nos quais os defeitos ósseos foram preenchidos com os scaffolds manufaturados a partir das espécies Dragmacidon reticulatum e Amphimedon viridis, respectivamente. As análises histológicas demonstraram extensa neoformação óssea com tecido osteóide ao redor no GC, o GD apresentou pontos de neoformação óssea e maior quantidade de tecido osteóide (com destaque no parâmetro OV/TV %) comparado ao GA. O GA apresentou cápsula fibrosa ao redor do defeito sem indícios de formação óssea e com menor presença de tecido osteóide. Na análise imunoistoquímica, aos dois fatores (VEGF e TGF-β), não houve diferença estatística entre os grupos. Os resultados sugerem a espécie Dragmacidon reticulatum como promissora no processo de reparo ósseo, comparada a Amphimedon viridis, para utilização na engenharia de tecidos com maior viabilidade.
Demand for grafts to treat bone diseases of various origins, such as trauma or disease, is growing in Brazil. However, the majority of biomaterials developed for this purpose are imported or manufactured dependent on foreign technology, restricting the dissemination of these products, especially in the public health system. Financially more affordable (advantageous) and regarding biocompatibility, natural grafts are better than synthetic biomaterials because their bioactive surface for cell adhesion and proliferation. The current study proposes harnessing the rich potential of the Brazilian marine biodiversity from evaluating the biological performance of marine sponges for use as bone substitute in tissue engineering. The aim was to compare in vivo osteogenic potential of scaffolds manufactured from sponge species Dragmacidon reticulatum and Amphimedon viridis. A scaffold model was placed in bone defect surgically created in rat tibias and 15 days experimental period. The animals were randomly divided into three groups: control group (CG), where bone defects were not filled with biomaterial, Dragmacidon reticulatum (GD) and Amphimedon viridis (GA) groups, where bone defects were filled with scaffolds manufactured from Dragmacidon reticulatum and Amphimedon viridis, respectively. The histological analyzes showed the extent of bone neoformation with surrounding osteoid tissue in GC, whereas GD showed points of newly bone tissue and greater amount of osteoid tissue (highlighted in the OV / TV% parameter) comparared to GA. The GA developed fibrous capsule around the defect without evidence of bone formation with less osteoid tissue. In immunohistochemical analysis, in two factors (VEGF and TGF-β), the difference was not statistically significant between groups. The results suggest the Dragmacidon reticulatum species best indicated in bone repair process compared to Amphimedon viridis for use in tissue engineering with greater viability
Demand for grafts to treat bone diseases of various origins, such as trauma or disease, is growing in Brazil. However, the majority of biomaterials developed for this purpose are imported or manufactured dependent on foreign technology, restricting the dissemination of these products, especially in the public health system. Financially more affordable (advantageous) and regarding biocompatibility, natural grafts are better than synthetic biomaterials because their bioactive surface for cell adhesion and proliferation. The current study proposes harnessing the rich potential of the Brazilian marine biodiversity from evaluating the biological performance of marine sponges for use as bone substitute in tissue engineering. The aim was to compare in vivo osteogenic potential of scaffolds manufactured from sponge species Dragmacidon reticulatum and Amphimedon viridis. A scaffold model was placed in bone defect surgically created in rat tibias and 15 days experimental period. The animals were randomly divided into three groups: control group (CG), where bone defects were not filled with biomaterial, Dragmacidon reticulatum (GD) and Amphimedon viridis (GA) groups, where bone defects were filled with scaffolds manufactured from Dragmacidon reticulatum and Amphimedon viridis, respectively. The histological analyzes showed the extent of bone neoformation with surrounding osteoid tissue in GC, whereas GD showed points of newly bone tissue and greater amount of osteoid tissue (highlighted in the OV / TV% parameter) comparared to GA. The GA developed fibrous capsule around the defect without evidence of bone formation with less osteoid tissue. In immunohistochemical analysis, in two factors (VEGF and TGF-β), the difference was not statistically significant between groups. The results suggest the Dragmacidon reticulatum species best indicated in bone repair process compared to Amphimedon viridis for use in tissue engineering with greater viability
Descrição
Citação
SAITO, Larissa Pereira. Análise imunoistoquímica e histomorfométrica do potencial osteogênico in vivo de scaffolds manufaturados a partir de duas espécies de esponjas marinhas. 2019. 44 f. Trabalho de conclusão de curso (Graduação em Fisioterapia) - Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2019.