O papel da cannabis como alternativa terapêutica na doença de Alzheimer: revisão de estudos pré-clínicos e clínicos
Data
2024-08-19
Autores
Silva, Mayara Cardoso 
Orientadores
Nappo, Solange Aparecida
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
O aumento da população idosa se correlaciona a de doenças neurodegenerativas como as doenças de Alzheimer e Parkinson. Dada a baixa eficiência dos métodos convencionais utilizados no tratamento destas doenças, métodos alternativos como o uso de produtos naturais são avaliados como promissores. O uso de compostos derivados de plantas do gênero Cannabis como produtos de origem natural e a despeito de sua conotação negativa relacionada ao uso da planta como droga de abuso, é uma das alternativas de resultados promissores, como mostrado neste trabalho. Estudos pré-clínicos e clínicos foram revisados e analisados destacando suas contribuições ao entendimento molecular, fisiopatológico e sintomatológico das ações da Cannabis e derivados na doença de Alzheimer. A revisão da literatura incluiu artigos de pesquisa e revisões sistemáticas publicados entre os anos 2000 e 2024 em bases de dados como Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Cochrane, Google Acadêmico, Dimensions, Pubmed, Science Direct, ClinicalTrials.gov e Scielo por meio dos descritores “Alzheimer” e “Cannabis”. 203 artigos de um total de 8106 e 24 ensaios clínicos de 140 foram selecionados. Foi concluído que há uma crescente base de evidências científicas que apoia a aplicação de derivados da Cannabis no tratamento de Alzheimer, mas que ainda são necessários estudos complementares que garantam a segurança dos compostos.
The increase in the elderly population correlates with a rise in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Given the low efficiency of conventional methods used in the treatment of these diseases, alternative methods such as the use of natural products are promising. Cannabis genus plant compouds, as natural-origin products, despite the negative connotation due to the plant's association with drug abuse, is one of the promising alternatives, as demonstrated in this research. Preclinical and clinical studies were reviewed and analyzed, highlighting their contributions to the molecular, pathophysiological, and symptomatic understanding of Cannabis and its derivatives' actions on Alzheimer's disease. The literature review included research articles and systematic reviews published between 2000 and 2024 in databases such as the Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Cochrane, Google Scholar, Dimensions, PubMed, Science Direct, ClinicalTrials.gov, and SciELO using the keywords "Alzheimer" and "Cannabis." A total of 203 articles out of 8106 and 24 clinical trials out of 140 were selected. It was concluded that there is a growing scientific evidence base supporting the application of Cannabis derivatives in the treatment of Alzheimer's, however, additional studies are needed to ensure the safety of these compounds.
The increase in the elderly population correlates with a rise in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Given the low efficiency of conventional methods used in the treatment of these diseases, alternative methods such as the use of natural products are promising. Cannabis genus plant compouds, as natural-origin products, despite the negative connotation due to the plant's association with drug abuse, is one of the promising alternatives, as demonstrated in this research. Preclinical and clinical studies were reviewed and analyzed, highlighting their contributions to the molecular, pathophysiological, and symptomatic understanding of Cannabis and its derivatives' actions on Alzheimer's disease. The literature review included research articles and systematic reviews published between 2000 and 2024 in databases such as the Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Cochrane, Google Scholar, Dimensions, PubMed, Science Direct, ClinicalTrials.gov, and SciELO using the keywords "Alzheimer" and "Cannabis." A total of 203 articles out of 8106 and 24 clinical trials out of 140 were selected. It was concluded that there is a growing scientific evidence base supporting the application of Cannabis derivatives in the treatment of Alzheimer's, however, additional studies are needed to ensure the safety of these compounds.