Interações entre humanos e escorpiões Tityus serrulatus e Tityus bahiensis na área urbana do município de Guarulhos - SP, Brasil
Data
2024-07-30
Autores
Neves, Marielle da Silva 
Orientadores
Bitencourt, Ana Luisa Vietti
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
O escorpionismo é um dos problemas de saúde pública no Brasil e tem importância médica em determinadas regiões, principalmente em áreas urbanas. O presente estudo tem como objetivo verificar as interações entre escorpiões e humanos na área urbana do município de Guarulhos - SP, considerando como fatores condicionantes as possíveis alterações do uso e cobertura da terra ao longo da série histórica (2003 a 2021) e de variáveis explicativas como cobertura vegetal, vegetação rasteira, solo exposto, áreas urbanizadas, corpos d'água, densidade populacional, esgotamento sanitário e quantidade de pontos de descarte de lixo irregulares. Utilizou-se dados do Centro de Controle de Zoonoses de Guarulhos de 2003 a 2021. As análises foram realizadas por duas abordagens metodológicas: a primeira considerou analisar as possíveis influências das ocorrências dos escorpiões com a variação do uso e cobertura da terra em escalas espaciais (na escala do município e na trajetória dos escorpiões, no raio de 30 m) e temporais (2003, 2007, 2011, 2015 a 2021) por meio de técnicas de geoprocessamento; a segunda realizou análises amostrais na identificação de variáveis explicativas e resposta, por meio de modelos lineares. Os resultados indicaram que mudanças no uso e cobertura da terra foram pouco significativas nas escalas analisadas para explicar as ocorrências de escorpiões. Pelo tipo de processo amostral, as notificações de escorpiões são sempre registradas na área urbana e não se tem dados sobre as ocorrências destes animais em outras áreas, o que dificulta entender a dinâmica desses animais com os demais tipos de uso e cobertura da terra. A análise por modelos lineares demonstrou ser mais adequada para explorar as interações entre escorpiões e humanos na área urbana. Foram gerados 47 modelos candidatos, incluindo o modelo nulo, modelos com apenas uma variável explicativa e modelos com todas as combinações entre as variáveis explicativas. O único modelo selecionado em termo de (ΔAICc <2) e com a AIC weigths correspondente a 86% inclui a interação entre solo exposto e rede de esgoto. A presença de escorpiões foi maior em áreas com solo exposto, menor densidade populacional e ausência de rede de esgoto, bem como em áreas urbanizadas com mais redes de esgoto. Conclui-se que fatores urbanos podem influenciar a presença de escorpiões no município de Guarulhos. Este trabalho contribui para aprimoramento das políticas públicas, identificando áreas com maior risco de interação entre humanos e escorpiões que precisam de intervenção governamental. Como perspectivas futuras sugere-se aprimorar os estudos com novas metodologias para identificar qual desses fatores analisados é mais significativo para a presença desses indivíduos em determinados locais.
Scorpionism is a public health problem in Brazil and has medical importance in certain regions, especially in urban areas. This study aims to verify the interactions between scorpions and humans in the urban area of the municipality of Guarulhos - SP, considering as conditioning factors the possible changes in land use and coverage throughout the historical series (2003 to 2021) and explanatory variables such as vegetation cover, undergrowth, exposed soil, urbanized areas, water bodies, population density, sewage system and number of irregular garbage disposal points. Data from the Guarulhos Zoonosis Control Center from 2003 to 2021 were used. The analyses were performed using two methodological approaches: the first considered analyzing the possible influences of scorpion occurrences with variations in land use and land cover at spatial scales (at the municipal scale and in the scorpion trajectory, within a 30 m radius) and temporal scales (2003, 2007, 2011, 2015 to 2021) using geoprocessing techniques; the second performed sample analyses to identify explanatory and response variables, using linear models. The results indicated that changes in land use and land cover were not very significant at the scales analyzed to explain scorpion occurrences. Due to the type of sampling process, scorpion notifications are always recorded in urban areas and there is no data on the occurrences of these animals in other areas, which makes it difficult to understand the dynamics of these animals with other types of land use and land cover. Linear model analysis proved to be more appropriate for exploring interactions between scorpions and humans in urban areas. Forty-seven candidate models were generated, including the null model, models with only one explanatory variable, and models with all combinations of explanatory variables. The only model selected in terms of (ΔAICc <2) and with AIC weights corresponding to 86% includes the interaction between exposed soil and sewage network. The presence of scorpions was higher in areas with exposed soil, lower population density, and absence of sewage network, as well as in urbanized areas with more sewage networks. It is concluded that urban factors can influence the presence of scorpions in the city of Guarulhos. This work contributes to the improvement of public policies, identifying areas with a higher risk of interaction between humans and scorpions that require government intervention. As future perspectives, it is suggested to improve the studies with new methodologies to identify which of these analyzed factors is more significant for the presence of these individuals in certain locations.
Scorpionism is a public health problem in Brazil and has medical importance in certain regions, especially in urban areas. This study aims to verify the interactions between scorpions and humans in the urban area of the municipality of Guarulhos - SP, considering as conditioning factors the possible changes in land use and coverage throughout the historical series (2003 to 2021) and explanatory variables such as vegetation cover, undergrowth, exposed soil, urbanized areas, water bodies, population density, sewage system and number of irregular garbage disposal points. Data from the Guarulhos Zoonosis Control Center from 2003 to 2021 were used. The analyses were performed using two methodological approaches: the first considered analyzing the possible influences of scorpion occurrences with variations in land use and land cover at spatial scales (at the municipal scale and in the scorpion trajectory, within a 30 m radius) and temporal scales (2003, 2007, 2011, 2015 to 2021) using geoprocessing techniques; the second performed sample analyses to identify explanatory and response variables, using linear models. The results indicated that changes in land use and land cover were not very significant at the scales analyzed to explain scorpion occurrences. Due to the type of sampling process, scorpion notifications are always recorded in urban areas and there is no data on the occurrences of these animals in other areas, which makes it difficult to understand the dynamics of these animals with other types of land use and land cover. Linear model analysis proved to be more appropriate for exploring interactions between scorpions and humans in urban areas. Forty-seven candidate models were generated, including the null model, models with only one explanatory variable, and models with all combinations of explanatory variables. The only model selected in terms of (ΔAICc <2) and with AIC weights corresponding to 86% includes the interaction between exposed soil and sewage network. The presence of scorpions was higher in areas with exposed soil, lower population density, and absence of sewage network, as well as in urbanized areas with more sewage networks. It is concluded that urban factors can influence the presence of scorpions in the city of Guarulhos. This work contributes to the improvement of public policies, identifying areas with a higher risk of interaction between humans and scorpions that require government intervention. As future perspectives, it is suggested to improve the studies with new methodologies to identify which of these analyzed factors is more significant for the presence of these individuals in certain locations.
Descrição
Citação
NEVES, Marielle da Silva. Interações entre humanos e escorpiões Tityus serrulatus e Tityus bahiensis na área urbana do município de Guarulhos - SP, Brasil. Orientadora: Ana Luisa Vietti Bitencourt. Coorientador: Thomas Püttker. 2024. 73f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Análise Ambiental Integrada) - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, 2024.