Navegando por Palavras-chave "Diagnóstico Por Imagem"
Agora exibindo 1 - 6 de 6
Resultados por página
Opções de Ordenação
- ItemSomente MetadadadosAvaliação do globo ocular nos exames de imagem de rotina: o que o radiologista precisa saber(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2019-09-26) Pfluck, Barbara Pena Mujica [UNIFESP]; Abdala, Nitamar [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Objective: To discuss ocular imaging patterns of prevalent intraocular lesions and incidental findings on computed tomography and magnetic resonance. Furthermore, by a comprehensive anatomical review of ocular globe, it intends to provide a systematic radiological approach and prompt identification of a range of imaging features. Methods: This study was classified as a Pictorial Review. The electronic medical record was also reviewed to determine the subsequent management, pathology results and outcome of clinical and radiologic follow-up. Discussion: Radiologists are routinely exposed to a spectrum of different imaging features involving the globe, including expected and incidentally discovered ocular pathologies. Beyond that, there is a range of ophthalmologic procedures, which can alter the normal ocular anatomy image. Fortunately, there are characteristic findings that enable the correct diagnosis. Conclusion: Familiarity with the image patterns of common ocular abnormalities is crucial to radiologists. The ability to recognize these conditions is critical for accurate radiological interpretation and to prevent unnecessary further follow-up. Knowledge of the relevant anatomy of the ocular globe allows a systematic approach to assessing the ocular injuries and help craft the appropriate differential diagnosis.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosConstrução de algoritmos de Machine Learning na Radiologia(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2020-09-17) Kitamura, Felipe Campos [UNIFESP]; Abdala, Nitamar [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São PauloRecent research in artificial intelligence has shown great potential to change radiology as we know it today. The tools to aid the radiological diagnosis can bring numerous benefits to the patients, radiologists and referring physicians. Despite the high expectations for this technology, the path to the creation of clinically useful and safe tools is a huge challenge that involves several aspects. In this work, we will address ethical, regulatory, technical and cultural considerations that need to be addressed to expand the scope of artificial intelligence algorithms in practice. Next, we present 7 projects developed by our group that address some of the challenges in the area: (1) the lack of reproducibility when reading exams, (2) the creation of optimized algorithms for each clinical problem, (3) the limitation to access large volumes of quality annotated data, (4) the lack of reproducibility of artificial intelligence researches, (5) the difficulty of integrating algorithms in medical practice, (6) errors in the registration of exams types and (7) the risk of exposure of sensitive patient information.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosDesenvolvimento de índices radiográficos para auxílio ao diagnóstico das lesões perilunares(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2020-03-26) Pinto, Fernando Nogueira Zambone [UNIFESP]; Fernandes, Carlos Henrique [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São PauloObjective: The objective of this study was to develop radiographic indexes that help the diagnostic confirmation of perilunate injuries. Methods: A descriptive, crosssectional, retrospective study was carried out with the objective of finding radiographic indexes that facilitate the diagnosis of perilunate injuries. Eighty wrist radiographs were evaluated, divided into 20 radiographs without changes and 20 radiographs with the following diagnosis: scapholunate ligament injury, transcaphoid fracture dislocation, lunate dislocation. All diagnoses were confirmed by the finding of an anatomical injury during the surgical procedure that treated the respective injuries. In the PA incidence radiographs of the wrist, we determined bone points that originated lines to evaluate the anatomical relationship between the carpal bones. The ulnar translation index (UTI) and the modified carpal height index (MCHI) were measured. On lateral wrist radiographs, bone points were selected that originated lines to evaluate the anatomical relationship between the carpal bones. The radiolunate index (RLI) was calculated. The Kruskal-Wallis test and graphical analysis using box plot were used in the statistical analysis. The result of each comparison presents a p value, being defined as a significance value of 0.05 (5%). Results: The UTI, on the radiographs of the wrists considered without changes, ranged from 0.534 ± 0.058, on the radiographs diagnosed with lesion of the scapholunate ligament, ranged from 0.560 ± 0.075, on the radiographs with diagnosis of transescapho-lunate fracture dislocation, it was found a range from 0.557 ± 0.138 and on the radiographs with a diagnosis of lunate dislocation it ranged from 0.628 ± 0.059. The p-value found for the UTI study was 0.062. The MCHI on the radiographs of the wrists without changes ranged from 2.538 ± 0.152, on the radiographs diagnosed with scapholunate ligament injury ranged from 2.534 ± 0.146, on the radiographs with diagnosis of transescapho-lunate fracture dislocation, ranged from 2.524 ± 0.155, on radiographs with a diagnosis of lunate dislocation ranged from 2.52 ± 0.13. The p-value for MCHI was 0.973. The RLI on the radiographs of the wrists without changes ranged from 1,136 ± 0.172. In the radiographs with diagnosis of scapholunate ligament injury, the index ranged from 1.907 ± 0.428, in the radiographs with diagnosis of transescapho-lunate fracture dislocation, it varied from 0.743 ± 0.099 and in the radiographs with diagnosis of lunate dislocation it ranged from xiv 0.47 ± 0.086 . The p-value for RLI was less than 0.001. Conclusion: The application of the UTI demonstrated that there is a statistical tendency for ulnar translation in the perilunate injuries. Its clinical applicability to aid in the diagnosis of perilunate injury rely on complementary studies. The MCHI has demonstrated that there is no change in carpal height in perilunate injuries. It cannot be clinically applied to aid in the diagnosis of perilunate injuries. The application of the RLI demonstrated that there is a change in the position of the lunate in relation to the articular surface of the radius in perilunate injuries. Thus, it can be applied clinically to aid in the diagnosis of perilunate injuries.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Estudo da Trajetória Navegacional do Médico com interesse em Diagnóstico por Imagem em Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem no Contexto da Educação Continuada(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2020-09-14) Albanez, Maria De Fatima Bazoni [UNIFESP]; Tarcia, Rita Maria Lino [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São PauloThis study describes the medical student's navigational trajectory by mining secondary data recorded in the virtual learning environment. The research, on whose data he relies, had an exploratory, descriptive character, with a quantitative approach and involved the understanding of the student's navigation in a set of virtual learning objects, which made it possible to interpret the quantitative data collected through the analysis of the data log records generated by the educational technological system. This research was carried out on Cetrus Diagnósticos, Ltda, using the information stored in the database of students enrolled in self-instructional distance learning courses, on the topic Diagnostic Imaging and who used the virtual learning environment AVA to carry out their studies. The study included all students who accessed the virtual learning environment; and those who did not have access were excluded. Data collection was performed in the AVA - Moodle, based on the records that generated access report data, which allowed to view each of the course activities and the number of times that this activity was accessed. The data analysis process took place by mining the selected data from the fields of interest and generating the infographics, using the statistical package SPSS - Statistical Package and the spreadsheet software MS-OFFICE Excell®. With support in the planned records, it was possible to obtain statistics from the student's navigational data that allowed to map the choices that the student made during his studies. By knowing how this process occurred, through the analysis of students' navigational behavior, it was possible to unveil a scenario that contributed to the pedagogical designs of the courses, favoring learning and communication, and, in alignment with the interest and motivation of the student. Student, also compete to guide decisions about investments in the production of teaching materials, identify risks and characteristics that indicate the possibility of dropping out, failing or dropping out and to understand digital learning, which is characteristic of contemporary times.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Manual de procedimento operacional padrão para o exame angiofluoresceinografia do Setor de Retina do Departamento de Oftalmologia e Ciências Visuais da Universidade Federal de São Paulo(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2021) Fernandes, Rosa Candido [UNIFESP]; Hirai, Flavio Eduardo [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São PauloIntroduction: Several tests are necessary for the evaluation of the retina. Retinal angiography with sodium fluorescein also called fluorescent retinal angiography or fluorescein retinography is an important exam for the diagnosis of many retinal conditions. The exam is performed by obtaining retinal images combined with intravenous administration of sodium fluorescein. Purpose: To elaborate a Standard Operating Procedure Manual (POP) for the Retina Division to improve processes involved in the execution of this exam in our department. Methods: The study was guided by the PDCA cycle: planning (P), implementation and development (D), critical performance analysis (C) and corrective action for dysfunctions or assumption of innovations (A). The management of this process allows the identification of innovation opportunities, reduces variation in processes and prevents errors. Questionnaires were administered to patients submitted to this exam before and after the implementation of new guidelines. Results: During the study, questionnaires were applied to 30 patients who had already been guided through the form used in the Retina Division to measure patient satisfaction in relation to the current orientation process. Guidelines were improved and reviewed by retina specialists from our Department and readily available for implementation. New questionnaires were administered and 100% of the patients were satisfied with the results. A new POP was developed and implemented in the division. Conclusion: A new Standard Operating Procedure Manual for retinal angiography was developed and as well as new guidelines were implemented in the Retina Division of our Department.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosSolicitações de métodos de imagem para diagnóstico e acompanhamento das lesões musculoesqueléticas em um clube do futebol profissional.(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2019-12-09) Lucero, Mariano Jose [UNIFESP]; Pinfildi, Carlos Eduardo [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Introduction: Musculoskeletal injuries in soccer are considered common in athletes and physically active individuals, causing disorders, personal and institutional expenses, and treatment depends on the diagnosis and monitoring of the injury status. It is noteworthy that imaging methods can be considered an alternative route of complementation, necessary for the aid of diagnosis and in some cases for the monitoring of sports injuries. Objective: To evaluate and quantify the imaging methods required for the diagnosis and follow-up of musculoskeletal injuries in a professional football club. Method: A retrospective study of male professional soccer players was carried out during the seasons from 2012 to 2016. A total of 825 exams were collected through medical records and records that allowed the analysis of injuries according to the type of injury, the anatomical location and the extent of it. In addition, the diagnostic efficacy of the different imaging methods and injury follow-up examinations was determined. Moreover, the correlation with the characteristics of the collected samples was performed, determining the individualized cost of each test and its economic impact. Results: Of the 825 samples evaluated, 780 (94.5%) were magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and only 45 (5.5%) were computed tomography (CT). For diagnostic purposes 546 (66.2%) exams were requested; and for follow-up purposes 279 (33.8%). Of the total number of exams requested, 272 (33%) were considered unchanged images; 182 (22.1%) demonstrated muscle injury; 100 (12.1%) exams marked joint injuries; and 70 (8.5%) demonstrated ligament injury. Considering optional imaging methods to those requested, we can observe that of the total number of requests, 19 (2.3%) lesions could be diagnosed by radiographic imaging; 128 (15.5%) lesions by computed tomography; 128 (15.5%) by ultrasound and 550 (66.7%) lesions could be diagnosed by magnetic resonance. Conclusion: Magnetic resonance imaging was the main imaging method required for the diagnosis and monitoring of musculoskeletal injuries in professional soccer athletes. The main injuries found were muscle injuries affecting the lower limbs.