Navegando por Palavras-chave "Senior"

Agora exibindo 1 - 1 de 1
  • Imagem de Miniatura
    Item
    Acesso aberto (Open Access)
    Design centrado no humano aplicado à saúde: desenvolvimento e avaliação de objeto para auxiliar a autoadministração de medicamentos por idosos com baixa visão e cegueira
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2016-08-30) Harada, Fernanda Jordani Barbosa [UNIFESP]; Schor, Paulo [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3542867700396961; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5169887016433605; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Objective: Create and develop one solution for improving medicine selfadministering in elderly with low vision and blindness due to diabetic retinopathy (DR) and age related macular degeneration (ARMD). Then, evaluate the efficacy of this solution. Methods: The study is transdisciplinary, qualitative, human centered, using ethnography techniques and design operational methodology. Initially, patients were evaluated by chats in the Retina and Macule outward patient care at the Ophthalmology Department from São Paulo Federal University in order to identify and understand their demands on medicine self-administering, and define requirements for creating a solution. Sequentially the operational design methodology was used in workshops with potentially future users to create and develop the solution. Finally, the prototype developed was used by 10 patients for 1 month. Their usage was evaluated by two interviews with open and narrative questions. The analysis of the ranscribed interviews contemplated 3 aspects: the subject content, which was divided in categories and had their respective frequency accounted; the use, regarding the prototype usage; and the discourse, which focused in its nuances and subjective impressions on the prototype usage. These analyses were mutually complimentary on the usage evaluation by each patient. Results: The prototype is composed by a chord that contains five flexible silicon rings with different colors and textures each. The content analysis contemplated eight categories: autonomy, prototype impression, affection, relation to previous status, organization, pattern of prototype identification on usage, the standard for distributed medicines by Unified Health System (SUS) and self-esteem. We inferred no adherence to the prototype by one patient due to his laconic and neutral answers. Nine patients had a positive impression, supported by their frequent affective words for descripting the prototype and referred autonomy on medicine self-administering. Words indicating improvement and organization were also frequent in the same 9 patients, allied to a discourse suggesting usage facility. Notwithstanding, distinction by blisters and pills characteristics persisted despite the lack of standardization for medicines distributed by SUS. In usage analysis, seven patients easily used the prototype from the very beginning, two just after the second meeting, and one, in spite of inadequate use, reported interest in using it in the third meeting. Patients combined in different grades the characteristics of the prototype with those ones from blisters and pills. Eight patients organized the prototype and changed the medicine blisters independently, and six added silicon rings to the prototype for medicines of occasional use. All manifested interest in the prototype use at the end of the study. In the discourse analysis, nine patients suggested the prototype to be a valid solution for medicine self-administering. Finally, despite the essentially similar usage of the prototype, the nine patients that incorporated it in their routine personalized, in part, their relationship with the prototype, which may have facilitated its acceptance and usage. Conclusion: This research created and developed one project solution for improving medicine self-administering in low vision and blind elderly due to DR and ARMD. Besides that, evaluated the efficacy of the developed prototype. This composite work suggest that the human centered methodology and approach support universal solutions for low vision and blind elderly. The prototype was used and well received by these patients, which led to independence on their medicine use. Future studies in other populations may broaden its applicability, keeping the simple and intuitive concept in order to improve independency and quality of life.