Navegando por Palavras-chave "estudos transversais"
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- ItemSomente MetadadadosAvaliação do tabagismo nos alunos da faculdade de ciências médicas e da saúde da PUC-SP nos anos de 2008, 2009 e 2010(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2013-10-30) Kalil, Earta Elizabeth [UNIFESP]; Fernandes, Ana Luisa Godoy Fernandes [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)BACKGROUND: The association between smoking and the risk of developing diseases is unquestionable, showing highly harmful effects on health, which is the biggest risk factor described in the literature able to cause such high rates of morbidity and mortality. In Brazil, the prevalence of smoking decreased significantly since 1993 until the present day, but the behavior of the young adults in relation to tobacco is worrying. The students are a population that presumably would have insider information about the risks and damage from exposure to tobacco smoke. OBJECTIVE: Estimate the frequency of smoking among medical students in 2008, 2009 and 2010 and the characteristics of this exposure. METHODS: Observational study with students from first to sixth grade of the Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences at PUC-SP, Campus Sorocaba, assessed in 2008, 2009 and 2010. There is overlaid with a cohort of the study population followed the same period. Used a self applicable questionnaire to assess smoking and Fagerström questionnaire to assess nicotine dependence. RESULTS: Of the 1337 students evaluated the prevalence of current smoking among students was 14.7% (2008) 17.0% (2009) and 14.4% in 2010, showing no significant variation throughout the study. The formal smoking was around 10% in 2008, 2009 and 2010, representing the main form of tobacco consumption observed. The smoking was higher among men. Nicotine addiction was very low and low, in current smokers. There was significant correlation between tobacco and alcohol consumption observed in 2010. In a cohort study of 141 students no significant diferences were observed in current and formal smokers, but significantly increased in ex-smokers. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of smoking among students of the Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences at PUC-SP is greater than that observed in the general population of the same age, the most frequent behavior observed was formal smoking. The behavior regarding tobacco consumption is shifting as we observed in the cohort, but there was a significant increase in the number of ex- smokers.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Comparação da freqüência cardíaca máxima medida com as fórmulas de predição propostas por Karvonen e Tanaka(Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC, 2008-11-01) Camarda, Sergio Ricardo de Abreu [UNIFESP]; Tebexreni, Antonio Sergio [UNIFESP]; Páfaro, Cristmi Niero; Sasai, Fábio Bueno; Tambeiro, Vera Lúcia [UNIFESP]; Juliano, Yara; Barros Neto, Turibio Leite de [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Metodista de Piracicaba; Universidade Santo AmaroBACKGROUND: Equations for predicting maximal heart rate (HRmax) are widely used in exercise testing and for training prescription, but their efficacy remains controversial in the literature. OBJECTIVE: To compare maximal heart rate during cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) using the prediction equations developed by Karvonen and Tanaka. METHODS: Of the 24,120 maximal treadmill graded exercise tests stored in the CEMAFE database from 1994 to 2006, 2047 HRmax values were analyzed, 1091 of which were from male and 956 from female sedentary subjects. These data were used as a gold standard to compare Karvonen's and Tanaka's prediction formulas. RESULTS: Mean measured maximal heart rates were 181.0 ± 14.0; 180.6 ± 13.0, and 180.8 ± 13.8 for men, women, and both genders combined, respectively. Likewise, mean values from Karvonen's equation were 182.0 ± 11.4; 183.7 ± 11.5, and 183.9 ± 11.7; and from Tanaka's, 182.0 ± 8.0; 182.6 ± 8.0, and 182.7 ± 8.2. Karvonen's and Tanaka's equations yielded the same correlation coefficients, as compared with measured maximal heart rate (r = 0.72). CONCLUSION: Karvonen's and Tanaka's equations are similar in predicting maximal heart rate and show good correlation with measured maximal heart rate.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosCorrelatos neuropsicológicos da remissão sintomatológica na esquizofrenia: um estudo transversal com pacientes crônicos(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2016-03-28) Souza, Thais Rabanea de [UNIFESP]; Lacerda, Acioly Luiz Tavares de Lacerda [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Background: Although cognitive deficits have consistently been characterized as core features of schizophrenia, they have not been incorporated into definitions of remission. Furthermore, just a few studies have examined the relationship between cognitive deficits and symptomatic remission. The main aim of the present study is to evaluate the executive functioning of schizophrenia patients, particularly examining the neuropsychological correlates of remission. Methods: 72 remitted and 42 nonremitted schizophrenia patients, and 119 matched controls were examined. Subjects were tested with a comprehensive battery of cognitive tests, including a measure to assess the general components of executive functioning and individual tasks to tap the three specific executive dimensions assessed in the present study, namely updating, shifting and inhibition. Results: Schizophrenia subjects performed poorly on general executive functioning and shifting tasks in comparison to healthy controls. Nonremitted subjects performed poorly on inhibition and updating tasks as compared to remitted subjects. Whereas being a male and showing decreases in updating increase the chances of being in the nonremitted schizophrenia subjects group, increases in shifting and updating enhance the odds of being in the healthy control group. Conclusion: The present findings suggest that executive function deficits are present in schizophrenia patients. In addition, specific executive processes appear to be associated to symptom remission. Future studies examining prospectively first-episode, drug naive subjects diagnosed with schizophrenia may be especially elucidative.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosPrevalência de ler/dort como causa de absenteísmo em servidores da Universidade Federal de São Paulo de 1998 a(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2013-10-30) Oliveira, Jose Renato Assis Lemos Marques de [UNIFESP]; Belloti, Joao Carlos Belloti [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Introdução: O Absenteísmo por doença é uma preocupação mundial em razão dos impactos econômicos gerados. Os Distúrbios Osteosmusculares Relacionados ao Trabalho (DORT) ocupam papel de destaque neste cenário. Não há na literatura estudos que avaliam especificamente a prevalência de LER/DORT em servidores federais. Métodos: Os dados foram extraídos dos arquivos presentes na Divisão de Perícia Médica da UNIFESP, sendo validados por meio de confrontamento entre as bases de dados dos arquivos médicos e dos arquivos eletrônicos do departamento de recursos humanos. Quantificamos a frequência de DORT, definidas como as doenças incluídas no capítulo XIII da CID-‐10, como causa de absenteísmo nos servidores da UNIFESP de janeiro de 1998 a agosto de 2008. Resultados: A prevalência dos afastamentos por DORT foi de 38,6% (1792 afastamentos), com predomínio nos servidores do sexo feminino. A média de dias de afastamento por DORT (41,23) foi maior do que a média observada por outros diagnósticos (36,81). Os servidores dos setores de nutrição e dietética foram aqueles que apresentaram maior porcentagem de afastamentos/ano. Conclusão: As DORT foram as principais causas de afastamento por doença, com predomínio para os servidores do sexo feminino. .