Percepções do corpo, imagem corporal e práticas alimentares em bailarinas
Data
2023-01-12
Autores
Zenerato, Júlia Norcia 
Orientadores
Juzwiak, Claudia Ridel
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
No ballet clássico há um padrão de corpo magro exigido para as bailarinas, assim
este grupo apresenta uma auto insatisfação constante, aumentando as chances de
transtornos alimentares. O presente estudo de natureza quanti-qualitativa teve como
objetivo conhecer o impacto do ballet clássico na construção do corpo, imagem
corporal e práticas alimentares de bailarinas. A pesquisa foi realizada com 10
bailarinas do sexo feminino que dançam há mais de 4 anos, participam de
competições e festivais de dança, são brasileiras e maiores de 18 anos. Os
encontros foram realizados através de plataforma virtual, as participantes
responderam a uma entrevista semiestruturada, e foi aplicada a Escala de Silhuetas,
para compreender a percepção e o nível de satisfação corporal das bailarinas. A
análise dos dados quantitativos demonstrou que quatro bailarinas estão satisfeitas
com seus corpos e seis revelaram insatisfação corporal. Sete bailarinas
demonstraram dificuldade de autopercepção, enquanto três bailarinas possuem boa
percepção da autoimagem. Cinco bailarinas apresentaram IMC classificado como
“magreza grau I”, uma em “magreza grau III” e quatro se encontram em eutrofia.
Através da análise de conteúdo, encontrou-se quatro núcleos temáticos: “Começos e
significados”; “A busca pela perfeição”; “Pressão de todos os lados” e “Práticas
alimentares e o peso dos alimentos”. As bailarinas tiveram entrada precoce na
dança e a rotina exaustiva de ensaios influenciou na sua construção corporal. As
bailarinas se sentem pressionadas pelos professores, e o uniforme do ballet, o
espelho em sala de aula, as bailarinas referências e as mídias sociais influenciam a
distorção da imagem corporal. A maioria das participantes apontou que é necessário
ter um corpo magro para dançar melhor. As práticas alimentares apresentadas
visam a perda de peso constante e a maioria não tem acompanhamento nutricional.
Este estudo fornece subsídios para discussões acerca do tema imagem corporal,
maior compreensão da insatisfação corporal e suas consequências em bailarinas, os
fatores que as deixam pressionadas a terem o corpo mais magro e as práticas
alimentares no ballet clássico.
In classical ballet there is a lean body standard required for dancers, so this group has constant self-dissatisfaction, increasing the chances of eating disorders. This quali-quantitative study aimed to understand the impact of classical ballet on the building of the body, body image and eating practices of ballerinas. The research was conducted with 10 female ballerinas that have been dancing for longer than 4 years, participate in competitions and dance festivals, are Brazilians and are over 18 years of age. The meetings were held virtually and the participants answered to a semi-structured interview, in addition to being applied the Silhouette Scale, to comprehend the ballerina's body perceptions and satisfaction. The analysis of quantitative data showed that four dancers are satisfied with their bodies and six revealed body dissatisfaction. Seven dancers showed difficulty in self-perception, while three dancers had good self-image perception. Five dancers had BMI classified as “thinness grade I”, one in “thinness grade III” and four were in eutrophy. Through content analysis, four thematic nuclei were found: “Beginnings and meanings”; “The quest for perfection”; “Pressure from all sides” and “Eating practices and the weight of food”. The dancers had an early start in dance and the exhaustive routine of rehearsals influenced the construction of their bodies. Ballerinas feel pressured by teachers, and the ballet uniform, the mirror in the classroom, the reference dancers and social media influence the distortion of body image. Most participants pointed out that it is necessary to have a thin body to dance better. They reported dietary practices aimed at constant weight loss and most do not have nutritional monitoring. This study provides insights for discussions on the subject of body image, greater understanding of body dissatisfaction and its consequences in ballerinas, the factors that cause them to feel uncomfortable or pressured to have a slimmer body and the eating practices present in classical ballet.
In classical ballet there is a lean body standard required for dancers, so this group has constant self-dissatisfaction, increasing the chances of eating disorders. This quali-quantitative study aimed to understand the impact of classical ballet on the building of the body, body image and eating practices of ballerinas. The research was conducted with 10 female ballerinas that have been dancing for longer than 4 years, participate in competitions and dance festivals, are Brazilians and are over 18 years of age. The meetings were held virtually and the participants answered to a semi-structured interview, in addition to being applied the Silhouette Scale, to comprehend the ballerina's body perceptions and satisfaction. The analysis of quantitative data showed that four dancers are satisfied with their bodies and six revealed body dissatisfaction. Seven dancers showed difficulty in self-perception, while three dancers had good self-image perception. Five dancers had BMI classified as “thinness grade I”, one in “thinness grade III” and four were in eutrophy. Through content analysis, four thematic nuclei were found: “Beginnings and meanings”; “The quest for perfection”; “Pressure from all sides” and “Eating practices and the weight of food”. The dancers had an early start in dance and the exhaustive routine of rehearsals influenced the construction of their bodies. Ballerinas feel pressured by teachers, and the ballet uniform, the mirror in the classroom, the reference dancers and social media influence the distortion of body image. Most participants pointed out that it is necessary to have a thin body to dance better. They reported dietary practices aimed at constant weight loss and most do not have nutritional monitoring. This study provides insights for discussions on the subject of body image, greater understanding of body dissatisfaction and its consequences in ballerinas, the factors that cause them to feel uncomfortable or pressured to have a slimmer body and the eating practices present in classical ballet.
Descrição
Citação
Zenerato, Júlia Norcia. Percepções do corpo, imagem corporal e práticas alimentares em bailarinas
Trabalho de conclusão de curso (Graduação em Nutrição) - Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2022.