Reabilitação profissional de dependentes químicos: estudo descritivo utilizando abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa
Arquivos
Data
2005
Autores
Bonadio, Alessandra Nagamine 
Orientadores
Laranjeira, Ronaldo
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
OBJETIVOS: Identificar as concepções sobre trabalho e as principais dificuldades enfrentadas no campo ocupacional, por uma amostra de dependentes químicos em atendimento ambulatorial, a fim de obter parâmetros que subsidiem a elaboração futura de um modelo de intervenção em orientação profissional para esta população. O principal objetivo específico foi a estruturação de um questionário de avaliação da situação ocupacional dos pacientes, como passo inicial do processo de reabilitação profissional. MÉTODOS: O estudo, de caráter exploratório, foi realizado em um ambulatório especializado em dependência química a partir de dois procedimentos: entrevistas semi-estruturadas e aplicação de avaliação estruturada. Na etapa qualitativa, foram entrevistados quinze pacientes; na segunda etapa, descritiva, o instrumento de avaliação foi aplicado a uma amostra de 104 pacientes. As entrevistas foram submetidas à análise de conteúdo e os questionários à análise estatística descritiva. RESULTADOS: O trabalho apareceu como foco de preocupação entre a amostra pesquisada, embora as ações para modificar a situação ocupacional tenham sido inferiores à magnitude da preocupação. As principais concepções emergentes sobre trabalho evidenciaram seu caráter emancipatório (dignificação, crescimento, autonomia, socialização), conjuntamente à sua condição atual de alijamento e expropriação, marcada pela necessidade de sobrevivência e impossibilidade de escolha. A dependência química figurou como o principal obstáculo à realização satisfatória de uma atividade ocupacional, tornando a abstinência um fator central ao início do processo de reabilitação profissional. O questionário estruturado de avaliação da situação ocupacional revelou-se excessivamente detalhado ao propósito específico de informar sobre o estágio de prontidão à reabilitação profissional (presença ou ausência de indicação para participação no grupo). CONCLUSÕES: OS seguintes aspectos revelaram-se centrais ao processo de reabilitação profissional: características da dinâmica da população dependente química (ambivalência, potência polarizada, dificuldades de planejamento e ação), faixa etária, substância consumida, situação atual de consumo e identidade ocupacional. O modelo de intervenção em reabilitação profissional deve ter como foco a estruturação de projetos de vida - em detrimento à empregabilidade - sendo norteado pelos princípios da Orientação Profissional, em sua abordagem psicossocial.
INTRODUCTION: The chronic course of the addiction turns necessary a long term therapeutic support concerning the acquisition of the abstinence and the individual invigoration in some life areas that have been harmed by the installation of the addiction – work, home, leisure, social networks, family relationships, judiciary system. This process has been defined as psychosocial rehabilitation. PURPOSE: Understanding, from the perspective of substance users in treatment, the aspects involved in the process of psychosocial rehabilitation and how this process goes on, in order to favor the target recovery. METHODS: Our investigation constitutes a case study research and was driven in a private therapeutic residence for substance users, located in the city of São Paulo. The qualitative approach has combined different methodological resources: focal groups, in depth individual interviews and participant observation, originating field diaries. The discussion of issues related to the work world was emphasized as a starting point to discharge this investigation. We carried out the investigation from June to December 2008. The material was submitted to the content analysis, in order to identify the main emerging themes. This research was approved by the ethics commitee of the Federal University of São Paulo. RESULTS: The main emerging themes that stood out were: the presence of tight identity settings, setlled in the disease; conceptions on the relationship of work and health also marked by the sickness and disentailed of a critic on the current historical context; the group as a device emerged as an important therapeutic resource in the addiction treatment; the addiction field emerged as an important source of work for those who are recovering from substance abuse; the relevance that treatment contributes to insertion the person in the culture, helping those who are recovering from addiction to develop new social roles and making possible the construction of work and life projects. DISCUSSION: In a culture that emphasizes as important values success, youth, money, physical beauty, happiness, the absence of such registers at a given moment of the life can potentiate the feeling of inadequacy and the uneasiness experienced by one, threatening the substance user weak feeling of social belonging. In this context, a long term therapeutic support has emerged as a fundamental condition to promote trust and complicity relationships, not just inaugurating new marks in the individual paths, but also favoring its consolidation. Considering the recuperation purpose, the grupal approach stands out as a privileged resource to favor the necessary registration in the culture, narrowly linked to the real possibilities of social reintegration. Concluding our study, we emphasize some central aspects to be guided by treatment programs in the addiction field.
INTRODUCTION: The chronic course of the addiction turns necessary a long term therapeutic support concerning the acquisition of the abstinence and the individual invigoration in some life areas that have been harmed by the installation of the addiction – work, home, leisure, social networks, family relationships, judiciary system. This process has been defined as psychosocial rehabilitation. PURPOSE: Understanding, from the perspective of substance users in treatment, the aspects involved in the process of psychosocial rehabilitation and how this process goes on, in order to favor the target recovery. METHODS: Our investigation constitutes a case study research and was driven in a private therapeutic residence for substance users, located in the city of São Paulo. The qualitative approach has combined different methodological resources: focal groups, in depth individual interviews and participant observation, originating field diaries. The discussion of issues related to the work world was emphasized as a starting point to discharge this investigation. We carried out the investigation from June to December 2008. The material was submitted to the content analysis, in order to identify the main emerging themes. This research was approved by the ethics commitee of the Federal University of São Paulo. RESULTS: The main emerging themes that stood out were: the presence of tight identity settings, setlled in the disease; conceptions on the relationship of work and health also marked by the sickness and disentailed of a critic on the current historical context; the group as a device emerged as an important therapeutic resource in the addiction treatment; the addiction field emerged as an important source of work for those who are recovering from substance abuse; the relevance that treatment contributes to insertion the person in the culture, helping those who are recovering from addiction to develop new social roles and making possible the construction of work and life projects. DISCUSSION: In a culture that emphasizes as important values success, youth, money, physical beauty, happiness, the absence of such registers at a given moment of the life can potentiate the feeling of inadequacy and the uneasiness experienced by one, threatening the substance user weak feeling of social belonging. In this context, a long term therapeutic support has emerged as a fundamental condition to promote trust and complicity relationships, not just inaugurating new marks in the individual paths, but also favoring its consolidation. Considering the recuperation purpose, the grupal approach stands out as a privileged resource to favor the necessary registration in the culture, narrowly linked to the real possibilities of social reintegration. Concluding our study, we emphasize some central aspects to be guided by treatment programs in the addiction field.
Descrição
Citação
BONADIO, Alessandra Nagamine. Reabilitação profissional de dependentes químicos: estudo descritivo utilizando abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa. 2005. 204 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências) - Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2005.