Randomized Controlled Trial of Iron-Fortified Drinking Water in Preschool Children
Data
2010-04-01
Autores
Arcanjo, Francisco Placido Nogueira 
Amancio, Olga Maria Silverio
Braga, Josefina Aparecida Pellegrini
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Artigo
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Resumo
Objectives: To evaluate the effects of fortified drinking water. with different concentrations of iron added, on hemoglobin and hematocrit values in preschoolers.Methods: Double-blind, randomized cluster clinical trial, with children aged 2 to 5 years of age, from 4 state-run schools, forming 1 group for each school. For fortification, ferrous sulphate in concentrations of 5 mg of elemental iron per liter of water (group A), 7.5 mg (group B), and 10 mg (group C), was used during a period of 4 months. In group D, the control, a placebo (Bixa orellana) was added. Hemoglobin and hematocrit values were checked before and after intervention.Results: Before fortification, hemoglobin and hematocrit averages were below the reference values adopted in all groups. After fortification, the prevalence of anemia showed a reduction in the 4 groups, which was more pronounced in group B, at 48.3%. The hemoglobin values in groups B (11.5) and C (11.4) were statistically similar. However, the average consumption of water/day/student was lower in group C. Comparison of hemoglobin values between groups A (11.2) and D (11.0) did not show a significant difference, suggesting insignificant efficacy with 5 mg Fe/L fortification.Conclusions: The consumption of drinking water fortified with 7.5 mg of elemental iron/L water resulted in greater adhesion and an increase in hemoglobin values, with a reduction in the prevalence of anemia.
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Journal Of The American College Of Nutrition. Abingdon: Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, v. 29, n. 2, p. 122-129, 2010.