Comportamento suicida em universitários da área de humanas de instituição federal
Arquivos
Data
2024-08-15
Autores
Abate, Evandro Benedito 
Orientadores
Marcolan, João Fernando
Tipo
Tese de doutorado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Objetivo: Analisar os fatores da vida acadêmica que causam sofrimento e influenciam o comportamento suicida em universitários da área de humanas de instituição federal. Método: Pesquisa quanti-qualitativa, exploratória-descritiva; realizada com 67 universitários dos seis cursos de humanas de universidade federal. Análise estatística pelo Teste Exato de Fisher entre as variáveis sociodemográficas, saúde mental e comportamento suicida; análise qualitativa dos dados pela análise de conteúdo; aplicação de questionário semiestruturado elaborado pelos pesquisadores no período de março a junho de 2021. Resultados: Dos 67 participantes, 73,15% eram do sexo feminino, 80,61% solteiros, 52% sem religião, 89,57% cisgêneros, 41,83% bissexuais, 74,60% sofreu violência física, psicológica ou sexual, 55,23% tinha histórico de tratamento em saúde mental na família, 22% tinha comportamento suicida na família, 52,24% usavam álcool, 61,20% fez ou fazia acompanhamento em saúde mental, 33,40% tinha diagnóstico de transtornos ansiosos, 29,60% de transtornos de humor, 55,24% fazia uso de psicofármacos, 29,84% psicoterapia, 8,94% tentou suicídio, sendo 38,1% com ingesta medicamentosa, 19,39% apresentaram comportamento suicida no último mês e 4,48% pretendia se suicidar no futuro. O ambiente acadêmico revelou-se causador de sofrimento psíquico, com excesso de demandas, competitividade, baixo rendimento acadêmico, dificuldades nas relações interpessoais, com diversas formas de violência como discriminação e racismo, abuso de substâncias psicoativas, dificuldades de permanência, suporte de saúde inadequado, com ambiente facilitador para a instalação de transtornos mentais e falta de apoio da instituição. Participantes relataram que a Instituição não oferecia apoio adequado para as necessidades de permanência estudantil e de detecção e tratamento suficiente aos em sofrimento mental. Os fatores acadêmicos podem elevar a susceptibilidade, principalmente, daqueles mais vulneráveis e com predisposição, para o adoecimento mental e comportamento suicida ou agravá-los se existentes. A Instituição poderia proporcionar ambiente humanizado para o bem-estar psíquico dos acadêmicos, com a elaboração e implantação de políticas públicas educacionais e psicossociais, regulamentação dos serviços de saúde mental e ampliação de acesso aos programas existentes, para a efetiva prevenção e identificação precoce do sofrimento psíquico. Considerações: Os fatores acadêmicos desencadearam ou agravaram o sofrimento mental, transtorno mental e comportamento suicida.
Objective: To analyze the factors of academic life that cause suffering and influence suicidal behavior in university students in the humanities at a federal institution. Method: Quantitative-qualitative, exploratory-descriptive study carried out with 67 university students from six humanities courses at a federal university. Statistical analysis using Fisher's Exact Test between sociodemographic variables, mental health and suicidal behavior; qualitative data analysis using content analysis; application of a semi-structured questionnaire prepared by the researchers between March and June 2021. Results: Of the 67 participants, 73.15% were female, 80.61% were single, 52% had no religion, 89.57% were cisgender, 41.83% were bisexual, 74.60% had suffered physical, psychological or sexual violence, 55.23% had a history of mental health treatment in the family, 22% had suicidal behavior in the family, 52.24% used alcohol, 61, 20% had been or were being monitored for mental health, 33.40% had been diagnosed with anxiety disorders, 29.60% with mood disorders, 55.24% were using psychotropic drugs, 29.84% were undergoing psychotherapy, 8.94% had attempted suicide, of which 38.1% had ingested medication, 19.39% had shown suicidal behavior in the last month and 4.48% intended to commit suicide in the future. The academic environment was shown to cause psychological distress, with excessive demands, competitiveness, low academic performance, difficulties in interpersonal relationships, various forms of violence such as discrimination and racism, abuse of psychoactive substances, difficulties in staying, inadequate health support, an environment that facilitates the onset of mental disorders and a lack of support from the institution. Participants reported that the institution did not offer adequate support for the needs of student permanence and sufficient detection and treatment of those in mental distress. Academic factors can increase susceptibility, especially among those who are more vulnerable and predisposed to mental illness and suicidal behavior, or aggravate them if they exist. The Institution could provide a humanized environment for the psychic well-being of academics, with the elaboration and implementation of educational and psychosocial public policies, regulation of mental health services and expansion of access to existing programs, for the effective prevention and early identification of psychic suffering. Considerations: Academic factors triggered or aggravated mental suffering, mental disorder and suicidal behavior.
Objective: To analyze the factors of academic life that cause suffering and influence suicidal behavior in university students in the humanities at a federal institution. Method: Quantitative-qualitative, exploratory-descriptive study carried out with 67 university students from six humanities courses at a federal university. Statistical analysis using Fisher's Exact Test between sociodemographic variables, mental health and suicidal behavior; qualitative data analysis using content analysis; application of a semi-structured questionnaire prepared by the researchers between March and June 2021. Results: Of the 67 participants, 73.15% were female, 80.61% were single, 52% had no religion, 89.57% were cisgender, 41.83% were bisexual, 74.60% had suffered physical, psychological or sexual violence, 55.23% had a history of mental health treatment in the family, 22% had suicidal behavior in the family, 52.24% used alcohol, 61, 20% had been or were being monitored for mental health, 33.40% had been diagnosed with anxiety disorders, 29.60% with mood disorders, 55.24% were using psychotropic drugs, 29.84% were undergoing psychotherapy, 8.94% had attempted suicide, of which 38.1% had ingested medication, 19.39% had shown suicidal behavior in the last month and 4.48% intended to commit suicide in the future. The academic environment was shown to cause psychological distress, with excessive demands, competitiveness, low academic performance, difficulties in interpersonal relationships, various forms of violence such as discrimination and racism, abuse of psychoactive substances, difficulties in staying, inadequate health support, an environment that facilitates the onset of mental disorders and a lack of support from the institution. Participants reported that the institution did not offer adequate support for the needs of student permanence and sufficient detection and treatment of those in mental distress. Academic factors can increase susceptibility, especially among those who are more vulnerable and predisposed to mental illness and suicidal behavior, or aggravate them if they exist. The Institution could provide a humanized environment for the psychic well-being of academics, with the elaboration and implementation of educational and psychosocial public policies, regulation of mental health services and expansion of access to existing programs, for the effective prevention and early identification of psychic suffering. Considerations: Academic factors triggered or aggravated mental suffering, mental disorder and suicidal behavior.
Descrição
Citação
ABATE, Evandro Benedito. Comportamento suicida em universitários da área de humanas de instituição federal. 2024. 326 f. Tese (Doutorado em Enfermagem) - Escola Paulista de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, 2024.