Avaliação audiológica na doença falciforme
Data
2024-11-06
Autores
Lima, Vitor Romario de Oliveira 
Orientadores
Gil, Daniela
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Introdução: A doença falciforme é uma das enfermidades genéticas e hereditárias mais comuns no mundo. A deficiência auditiva nesses indivíduos pode se dar devido à sensibilidade da cóclea à vaso-oclusão que pode gerar isquemia e anoxia coclear. Objetivo: Analisar os resultados da avaliação audiológica básica (audiometria tonal, audiometria vocal e medidas de imitância acústica), emissões otoacústicas por estímulo transiente e do efeito inibidor da via eferente em indivíduos com doença falciforme. Metodologia: Os critérios de inclusão foram: indivíduos acima de 6 anos, de ambos os sexos, com diagnóstico de doença falciforme. Foi realizada anamnese audiológica complementada com dados sobre a doença falciforme, meatoscopia, audiometria tonal liminar, logoaudiometria (limiar de recepção de fala e índice percentual de reconhecimento de fala), medidas de imitância acústica (timpanometria e limiar do reflexo acústico), emissões otoacústicas transientes e pesquisa efeito inibidor da via eferente. Resultados: Foram selecionados 31 indivíduos, dos quais, um foi excluído por apresentar perda auditiva condutiva e sete por apresentarem ausência das emissões otoacústicas transientes bilateralmente. Foram avaliados 23 pacientes (46 orelhas), sendo 16 do sexo feminino e 7 do sexo masculino, entre 11 e 18 anos. Quanto ao resultado da audiometria tonal liminar convencional, 100% dos pacientes apresentaram limiares auditivos dentro dos padrões de normalidade. Na imitanciometria, foram observadas curvas timpanométricas dos tipos A (86,96%), Ar (8,69%) e C (4,35%). Nas emissões otoacústicas, 37 orelhas apresentaram emissões presentes em todas as frequências, 5 ausência em uma frequência, 2 em duas frequências e 2 em três frequências. Na avaliação do efeito inibidor da via eferente, na orelha direita, foram avaliadas apenas 20 orelhas, sendo que 9 apresentaram supressão presente e 11 ausentes, enquanto na orelha esquerda, foram avaliadas 17 orelhas e 9 apresentaram supressão ausente e 8 presente. Conclusão: indivíduos com doença falciforme apresentam avaliação audiológica básica dentro dos padrões de normalidade, no entanto na pesquisa das emissões otoacústicas por estímulo transiente e do efeito inibidor da via eferente apresentam alterações, sugestivos de alterações cocleares.
Introduction: Sickle cell disease is one of the most common genetic and hereditary diseases in the world. Hearing impairment in these individuals may be due to the sensitivity of the cochlea to vaso-occlusion that can generate ischemia and cochlear anoxia. Objective: To analyze the results of the basic audiological evaluation (pure-tone audiometry, speech audiometry and acoustic immittance measures), transient otoacoustic emissions by transient stimulus and the inhibitory effect of the efferent pathway in individuals with sickle cell disease. Method: The inclusion criteria were: individuals over 6 years old, of both sexes, who have sickle cell disease. Audiological anamnesis was performed complemented with data on sickle cell disease, otoscopy, pure tone audiometry, speech audiometry (speech reception threshold and word recognition score), immittance measurements (tympanometry and acoustic reflex threshold), transient otoacoustic emissions and inhibitory effect of the efferent pathway. Results: 31 individuals were selected, one was excluded for presenting conductive hearing loss and seven for presenting absence of transient otoacoustic emissions bilaterally. A total of 23 patients (46 ears) were evaluated, 16 female and 7 male, aged between 11 and 18 years. As for the result of tonal audiometry, 100% of the patients showed auditory thresholds within normal standards. In imitanciometry, tympanometric curves of types A (86.96%), Ar (8.69%) and C (4.35%) were observed. In the otoacoustic emissions, 37 ears showed emissions in all frequencies, 5 absences in one frequency, 2 in two frequencies and 2 in three frequencies. In the evaluation of the inhibitory effect of the efferent pathway, in the right ear, only 20 ears were evaluated, of which 9 showed present and 11 absent suppression, while in the left ear, there were 17 ears, 9 presented absent and 8 present suppression. Conclusion: individuals with sickle cell disease present basic audiological evaluation within normal limits, however in transient otoacoustic emissions and the inhibitory effect of the efferent pathway showed altered results, suggesting cochlear dysfunction.
Introduction: Sickle cell disease is one of the most common genetic and hereditary diseases in the world. Hearing impairment in these individuals may be due to the sensitivity of the cochlea to vaso-occlusion that can generate ischemia and cochlear anoxia. Objective: To analyze the results of the basic audiological evaluation (pure-tone audiometry, speech audiometry and acoustic immittance measures), transient otoacoustic emissions by transient stimulus and the inhibitory effect of the efferent pathway in individuals with sickle cell disease. Method: The inclusion criteria were: individuals over 6 years old, of both sexes, who have sickle cell disease. Audiological anamnesis was performed complemented with data on sickle cell disease, otoscopy, pure tone audiometry, speech audiometry (speech reception threshold and word recognition score), immittance measurements (tympanometry and acoustic reflex threshold), transient otoacoustic emissions and inhibitory effect of the efferent pathway. Results: 31 individuals were selected, one was excluded for presenting conductive hearing loss and seven for presenting absence of transient otoacoustic emissions bilaterally. A total of 23 patients (46 ears) were evaluated, 16 female and 7 male, aged between 11 and 18 years. As for the result of tonal audiometry, 100% of the patients showed auditory thresholds within normal standards. In imitanciometry, tympanometric curves of types A (86.96%), Ar (8.69%) and C (4.35%) were observed. In the otoacoustic emissions, 37 ears showed emissions in all frequencies, 5 absences in one frequency, 2 in two frequencies and 2 in three frequencies. In the evaluation of the inhibitory effect of the efferent pathway, in the right ear, only 20 ears were evaluated, of which 9 showed present and 11 absent suppression, while in the left ear, there were 17 ears, 9 presented absent and 8 present suppression. Conclusion: individuals with sickle cell disease present basic audiological evaluation within normal limits, however in transient otoacoustic emissions and the inhibitory effect of the efferent pathway showed altered results, suggesting cochlear dysfunction.
Descrição
Citação
LIMA, Vitor Romario de Oliveira. Avaliação audiológica na doença falciforme. 2024. 63 f. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação em Fonoaudiologia) - Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP). São Paulo, 2024.