Análise da efetividade de novas tecnologias de manejo dos corais invasores Tubastraea spp
Data
2022-02-11
Autores
Medeiros, Luisa Frank 
Orientadores
Kitahara, Marcelo Visentini
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Popularmente conhecidos como corais-sol, os corais escleractíneos invasores no Atlântico Sul Ocidental Tubastraea sp. se dividem em: T. coccinea e T. tagusensis. Os primeiros registros destas espécies exóticas na costa do Brasil datam de meados dos anos 1980, correspondendo a colônias incrustadas em plataformas de petróleo localizadas na Bacia de Campos, no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Desde então, além de expandirem significativamente suas distribuições ao largo da costa do Brasil, suas ocorrências vêm deflagrando mudanças significativas no ambiente marinho costeiro. Desde 2013, concomitantemente ao registro das primeiras colônias destes corais invasores no Arquipélago dos Alcatrazes, litoral norte do estado de São Paulo, mais especificamente no costão do Portinho dentro dos limites da Estação Ecológica dos Tupinambás, diversas ações de monitoramento e manejo vêm sendo realizadas. De forma geral, até a presente data, mais de 170.000 colônias de corais-sol foram manualmente removidas, e mais de 30 pontos com ocorrências destas espécies ao largo do arquipélago supracitado já foram registradas. Neste contexto, integrando parte dos resultados oriundos de pesquisas científicas apoiadas pelo recém-criado Núcleo de Gestão Integrada Alcatrazes de forma direta ou indireta, diversas características biológicas dos corais invasores foram publicadas, incluindo os trabalhos que demonstram a abundância de larvas e suas respectivas competências de assentamento, a indicação de produção de larvas de forma clonal e a extrema capacidade regenerativa de ambas as espécies. Considerando que o manejo manual das colônias de Tubastraea spp. demanda grande quantidade de tempo e recursos, o presente estudo visou desenvolver e avaliar a eficácia de novas técnicas de manejo para estas espécies, além de realizar um histórico das ocorrências de corais-sol e respectivas ações de manejo ao longo dos últimos sete anos no arquipélago.
Popularly known as sun corals, the Southwestern Atlantic invasive scleractinian corals of the genus Tubastraea are represented by two species: T. coccinea and T. tagusensis. The first records of these exotic species on the Brazilian coast date back to the early 1980s, corresponding to colonies encrusted on oil platforms located at the Bacia de Campos, Rio de Janeiro. Since then, in addition to their widespread distribution expansion along the Brazilian coast, their occurrences have triggered significant changes in the coastal marine environment/ecosystems. During 2013, concomitantly with their first record on the Alcatrazes Archipelago, northern coast of the São Paulo state, more specifically on the Portinho rocky shore, which is within the limits of the Marine Protected Area known as the Tupinambás Ecological Station, several monitoring and management actions have been carried out. To date, more than 170,000 colonies of sun corals have been manually removed from more than 30 localities along the rocky shores of the aforementioned archipelago. In this context, integrating part of the results from of scientific research supported by the recently created Núcleo de Gestão Integrada Alcatrazes, directly or indirectly, several biological characteristics from these invasive corals have been studied, including larval abundance and their respective settlement competencies, the indication of highly clonal reproduction, and the extreme colony regenerative capacity of both species. Considering that the manual management/removal of colonies of Tubastraea is highly demanding in terms of human, financial, and time resources, the present study aimed to develop and evaluate the efficacy of new semi-automated management techniques, and also review all Alcatrazes Archipelago sun coral occurrences and respective management actions within the last seven years.
Popularly known as sun corals, the Southwestern Atlantic invasive scleractinian corals of the genus Tubastraea are represented by two species: T. coccinea and T. tagusensis. The first records of these exotic species on the Brazilian coast date back to the early 1980s, corresponding to colonies encrusted on oil platforms located at the Bacia de Campos, Rio de Janeiro. Since then, in addition to their widespread distribution expansion along the Brazilian coast, their occurrences have triggered significant changes in the coastal marine environment/ecosystems. During 2013, concomitantly with their first record on the Alcatrazes Archipelago, northern coast of the São Paulo state, more specifically on the Portinho rocky shore, which is within the limits of the Marine Protected Area known as the Tupinambás Ecological Station, several monitoring and management actions have been carried out. To date, more than 170,000 colonies of sun corals have been manually removed from more than 30 localities along the rocky shores of the aforementioned archipelago. In this context, integrating part of the results from of scientific research supported by the recently created Núcleo de Gestão Integrada Alcatrazes, directly or indirectly, several biological characteristics from these invasive corals have been studied, including larval abundance and their respective settlement competencies, the indication of highly clonal reproduction, and the extreme colony regenerative capacity of both species. Considering that the manual management/removal of colonies of Tubastraea is highly demanding in terms of human, financial, and time resources, the present study aimed to develop and evaluate the efficacy of new semi-automated management techniques, and also review all Alcatrazes Archipelago sun coral occurrences and respective management actions within the last seven years.
Descrição
Citação
MEDEIROS, Luisa Frank. Análise da efetividade de novas tecnologias de manejo dos corais invasores Tubastraea spp. 2022. 38 f. Trabalho de conclusão de curso (Graduação em Bacharelado Interdisciplinar em Ciência e Tecnologia do Mar) - Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2022.