Navegando por Palavras-chave "Immune System"
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- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Associação entre doses elevadas de ácido fólico com ativação de linfócitos T, B e NK e suas possíveis consequências no processo inflamatório em indivíduos saudáveis(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2019-12-19) Lucena, Maylla Rodrigues [UNIFESP]; Shinohara, Elvira Maria Guerra [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)BACKGROUND:Folate is a B-complex vitamin withanimportantrole on cell replication since its involvement in DNA and RNA synthesis. In Brazil, most pharmaceutical formulationsof folic acid (FA) taken by women who intend to get pregnant and hemolytic anemia patients contain 5 mg, which is higher than tolerable upper intake levelof this vitamin for healthy subjects. Currently, there is a concern about intake of high doses of FA, once high consumption of FA has been associated to higher folate concentrations on the body, as well as appearanceof an unmetabolized fraction (UMFA). Elevated concentrations of folate and UMFA seem to be implied with changes on immunity. AIM: To assess the association between high doses of FA intake with activation of T, B and NK lymphocytes, and to investigate the possibleimplications in the inflammatory process in healthy individuals.METHODS:34healthy subjects make use of 5mg/day of FA during 90 days. Blood samples were collected at baseline and after 45 and 90 days of FA use. It was assessed: serum and RBC folate, UMFA and other folate forms; vitamin B12; T, B and NK cell activation assays; serum concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α).RESULTS:Higher serum and RBC folate, UMFA and 5-methyltetrahydrofolate concentrations were observed after 45 and 90 days of FA use when compared to baseline. Number of T CD4+ cellsincreased, and T CD8+ cells decreased after 90 days of FA use regarding to baseline and 45 days. After 90 days, decreased number of B cells/HLA-DR+ and NK cells/CD38+ after PMA and ionomicin stimulation were observed.CONCLUSIONS:Intake of 5 mg/ day of FA by healthy individuals was associated to increased circulating concentrations of folate, as well as increased number of T CD4+ cells and decreased T CD8+ cells. In addition, our data show relation between FA use and decrease on B and NK cells activation.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosCaracteristicas clínicas e biomarcadores da perda auditiva sensorioneural súbita: papel no prognóstico(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2021) Elias, Thais Gomes Abrahao [UNIFESP]; Penido, Norma De Oliveira [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São PauloIntroduction: Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) is a heterogeneous inflammatory disease, involving multiple causes and different inflammatory responses. We need to incorporate the concept of individualization and better classification of patients with SSHL, aiming to establish the endotypes of this pathology, offer the best therapeutic modality and be able to predict the hearing recovery and therapeutic response of each patient. Objective: To investigate the clinical and molecular characteristics and prognosis of hearing recovery in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Methods: A multicenter study was carried out, including patients diagnosed with SSHL from the Universidade Federal de São Paulo and Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, to compare clinical and molecular characteristics (Interleukin-6, Interleukin-10, Tumor-Necrosis Factor-Alpha, antioxidant enzymes and malondialdehyde activity). Results: It was possible to identify the etiology of SSHL in 45.6% of patients with unilateral SSHL (USSHL), 22.7% of patients with bilateral SSHL (BSSHL) non-simultaneous or sequential and 88.8% of patients with BSSHL simultaneous. 77.8% of patients with BSSHL simultaneous had severe or profound hearing loss even after treatment. The differences in the prevalence of severe to profound hearing loss in BSSHL simultaneous compared to unilateral USSHL and BSSHL non-simultaneous or sequential were statistically significant (P = 0.002). No statistically significant association was found between the concentration of interleukins, TNF-alpha, antioxidant enzymes and MDA and hearing recovery among patients with SSHL. As for the performance of patients with SSHL after cochlear implant surgery, there was also no statistically significant difference when compared with a group of patients with idiopathic bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Discussion: It can be suggested that the involvement of the inner ear is worse in BSSHL simultaneous and is probably related to systemic diseases, mainly autoimmune diseases. The plasma concentration of cytokines and oxidative stress activity do not reliably represent possible elevations of these inflammatory products in the intracochlear environment, which is inaccessible for clinical studies to date. Patients with SSHL experience significant performance improvement after cochlear implant surgery regardless of the etiology of hearing loss. Conclusion: Simultaneous BSSHL should be considered as a distinct clinical entity, when compared to unilateral SSHL and nonsimultaneous or sequential BSSHL, with greater involvement of the inner ear and greater chance of having a worse recovery from hearing loss. We found no difference between hearing gain after cochlear implant surgery in patients with SSHL and patients with idiopathic progressive hearing loss. The plasma concentration of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-alpha, oxidative stress activity and concentrations of TBARS (MDA activity) and TLR 4 do not correlate with the prognosis of hearing recovery after SSHL.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Efeito da suplementação de probióticos sobre função de monócitos e endotoxemia após exercício extenuante(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2021) Silva, Edgar Tavares da [UNIFESP]; Santos, Ronaldo Vagner Thomatieli dos [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Different physiological and biochemical responses are generated before, during and after performing strenuous physical exercises with high ability to negatively impact the immune and gastrointestinal system, promoting transiently immunodepression. Strategies are adopted to minimize the deleterious effects caused by strenuous physical exercise on the immune system, including macro and micronutrient supplementation. Emerge the interest in evaluating the effects of probiotic supplementation on immune function and maintenance of gastrointestinal and immunological homeostasis in athletes. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the monocyte's function, endotoxemia and intestinal microbiota of 27 individuals who performed an official Marathon race (42,195m). The athletes were supplemented with probiotics for four weeks with Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis 1 x 1010 Colony Forming Units (CFU) or placebo. Before the supplementation period (Basal), after the supplementation period/referring to the 24 hours before the race (Pre-race), one hour after (Post-race) and five days after the marathon (Recovery) blood and faeces were collected to determine the plasma concentration of cytokines, monocyte function, microbiota analysis and endotoxemia. The probiotic group significantly increased the phagocytosis rate after thirty days of probiotic supplementation. The production of hydrogen peroxide and cytokines by monocytes did not differ between the groups. After the marathon race, plasma IL-10 increase and five days after, plasma IL-15 increase and plasma IL-8 decrease in both groups. The intestinal microbiota does not differ between groups. The symptoms and severity of URTI were not different between groups. We concluded that daily supplementation with probiotics for 4 weeks in runners increased phagocytosis, but were not able to modulate the intestinal microbiota and part of the cellular functionality studied after marathon running.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Efeitos em curto prazo da aplicação de aloxana para indução de diabetes em ratos Wistar(Univ Federal Uberlandia, 2010-05-01) Leme, Jose Alexandre Curiacos de Almeida; Castellar, Alexandre; Remedio, Rafael Neodini; Barbosa, Rodrigo Avelaira; Moura, Leandro Pereira de; Dalia, Rodrigo Augusto; Gomes, Ricardo José [UNIFESP]; Caetano, Flavio Henrique; Mello, Maria Alice Rostom de; Luciano, Eliete; Univ Estadual Paulista; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)The present study aimed to verify action of alloxan in metabolic and immune parameters after 24 and 192 hours of the injection in Wistar rats. Thus, eight rats were fasted and received monohidrated alloxan Sigma (32 mg/kg body weight) via endovenous. Glycemia and trglyceridemia analyzes were performed before and 192 hours after alloxan application. After 24 hours, alloxan application increased water intake and decreased body mass, food intake and leucocytes counting. 192 hours after alloxan application, there was a recuperation in food intake and leucocytes counting. On the other hand, in this period there was an increase of glycemia and water intake and reduction of body mass. These results indicate that some of diabetic signs caused by alloxan occur in short-term after drug administration.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Estudo das alterações do estado de mal epiléptico induzido por pilocarpina no cérebro de camundongos imunodeficientes BALB/c nude(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2010-09-29) Vignoli, Thiago [UNIFESP]; Fernandes, Maria Jose da Silva [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Epilepsy affects about 1-2% of world population and lack of effective therapeutic interventions more effective. Approximately 30% are symptomatic of epilepsy and temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is distinguished by the high incidence and severity. About 30% of patients with TLE seizures are refractory to treatment, if necessary, often, surgical intervention for control of them. The investigation of pathophysiology mechanism using human tissue extracted surgically, although very important, is limited by reflects only the chronic process in which the molecular, biochemical, and neuronal plasticity alterations resulting from epileptic effects already established. Thus, experimental models are essential for better approach of the mechanisms involved in epileptogenesis. The epilepsy induced by pilocarpine in small rodents has been widely used for reproducing the main features of TLE. In this model, the seizures are accompanied by a combined action between immune system, nervous and endocrine systems, involving the mediators activation such as cytokines, chemokines, neurotransmitters and their cell receptors. These processes have been associated with the etiology of the epileptic condition. In this project, immunodeficient BALB/c nude mice submitted to epilepsy model induced by pilocarpine to characterize behavior, electrographic, histological and neurochemical changes compared to their control BALB/c. The results indicated that integrity of the immune system is necessary to protect the central nervous system insult caused by status epilepticus. After administration of pilocarpine, the BALB/c nude mice showed a larger number of tonic-clonic seizures, with a high mortality rate when compared to BALB/c. The BALB/c nude also showed a greater activation of c-Fos in areas related to the circuitry of the crisis and a lower expression of parvalbumin, an intracellular calcium-binding protein compared to BALB/c studied in the same experimental condition. Differences concentrations of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters were also observed in cortex and hippocampus of the BALB/c nude compared to BALB/c. The BALB/c nude showed increased of the excitatory amino acids concentrations without compensatory alteration in the inhibitory amino acids during seizure, as occurred in BALB/c. Neuronal death measured by Fluoro Jade- B and Nissl histological techniques, was also increased in some areas of the central nervous system of BALB/c nude SE presented relative to BALB/c. The data suggest a positive correlation between c-Fos activation, excitatory amino acids concentration and neuronal death in BALB/c nude mice, suggesting that immune deficiency may have contributed to the hyperexcitability and vulnerability of the central nervous system injury caused by seizure.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Evaluation of lymphocyte levels in a random sample of 218 elderly individuals from São Paulo city(Associação Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia e Terapia Celular, 2011-10-01) Teixeira, Daniela [UNIFESP]; Longo-Maugéri, Ieda Maria [UNIFESP]; Santos, Jair Licio Ferreira; Duarte, Yeda Aparecida Oliveira; Lebrão, Maria Lucia; Bueno, Valquiria [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP)BACKGROUND: Age-associated changes in the immune system cause decreased protection after vaccination and increased rates of infections and tumor development. METHODS: Lymphocyte percentages were compared by gender and age to establish differences between subtypes. Three mL blood samples were obtained from 218 randomly selected individuals (60-101 years old) who live in São Paulo city. Blood was lysed with Tris phosphate buffer and stained for 30 minutes with monoclonal antibodies (CD3PerCP, CD4FITC, CD8Pe, CD19Pe) for analysis by flow cytometry. Statistical analysis was by ANOVA. RESULTS: The percentage of CD4+ T cells (p-value = 0.005) and the CD4/CD8 ratio (p-value = 0.010) were lower in men, whereas the percentage of CD8+ T cells was lower (p-value = 0.002) in women; the percentage of B cells (CD19+ ) was similar between groups. Individuals grouped by gender and age range and compared showed a drop in CD4+ cells in 75 to 79-year-old men (female: 46.1% ± 8.1% and male: 38.8% ± 10.5%; p-value = 0.023). Also, the 80 to 84-year-old group of men had a higher percentage of CD8+ (female: 20.8% ± 8.2%, and male: 27.2% ± 8.2%; p-value = 0.032). Low percentages of B cells were detected in men in the 75 to 79-year-old (p-value = 0.003), 85 to 89-year-old (p-value = 0.020) and older than 90 year old (p-value = 0.002) age ranges. CONCLUSION: Elderly men present with more changes in lymphocyte subsets compared to elderly women. These findings could demonstrate impairment in the immune response since the lower CD4+ in men would provide less help to B cells (also lower in men) in terms of antibody production. In addition, the increase in CD8+ cells in this group could represent chronic inflammation observed during the aging process.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Evaluation of renal function and immune system cells in elderly individuals from São Paulo City(Faculdade de Medicina / USP, 2013-01-01) Teixeira, Daniela [UNIFESP]; Longo-Maugéri, Ieda Maria [UNIFESP]; Duarte, Yeda Aparecida Oliveira; Lebrão, Maria Lucia; Bueno, Valquiria [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); University of São Paulo Epidemiology DepartmentOBJECTIVES: Both renal function and immune system function decline with age. Although controversial, a significant number of studies have shown that the decline in kidney function is associated with the worsening of the immune system. These findings are reinforced by the increased susceptibility to infections and deficient immunization coverage after vaccination both in patients with chronic renal disease and in elderly individuals. Our objective was to evaluate a non-institutionalized elderly population from São Paulo City and correlate the estimated glomerular filtration rate with the percentage of lymphocytes in circulation. METHODS: A random population of 237 individuals (107 men and 130 women), ranging in age from 60 to 101 years, who were enrolled in the Health, Well-Being and Aging Study was evaluated for renal function (Modification on Diet in Renal Disease formula) and lymphocyte percentage (flow cytometry). RESULTS: Aging was associated with a decrease in the estimated glomerular filtration rate in both male and female individuals. We did not identify a significant correlation between the estimated glomerular filtration rate and either the percentage of CD4, CD8, and B cells or CD4/CD8 ratio. The median percentage of CD8+ T cells was significantly lower in individuals with an estimated glomerular filtration rate >60 mL/min/1.73 m². CONCLUSIONS: In this study, no statistical correlation was found between the estimated glomerular filtration rate and either the lymphocyte phenotype (CD4+,CD8+, and CD19+ cells) or the CD4/CD8 ratio in blood.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)IL10 inversely correlates with the percentage of CD8(+) cells in MDS patients(Elsevier B.V., 2013-05-01) Lopes, Matheus Rodrigues; Traina, Fabíola; Campos, Paula de Melo; Pereira, João Kleber Novais; Machado-Neto, João Agostinho; Machado, Helymar da Costa; Gilli, Simone Cristina Olenscki; Saad, Sara Teresinha Olalla; Favaro, Patricia [UNIFESP]; Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)The role of the immune system in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) progression has been widely accepted, although mechanisms underlying this immune dysfunction are not clear. CD4(+) and CD8(+) lymphocyte profiles in the peripheral blood of MDS patients were evaluated and correlated with clinical characteristics, the expression of FOXP3 and the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL10, TGF beta 1 and CTLA4. IL10 expression inversely correlated with the percentage of CD8(+) cells and was higher in high-risk MDS. Our findings provide further evidence for the role of T cell-mediated IL10 production in MDS and strengthen the idea of distinct cytokine profiles in low and high-risk MDS. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosMacrophage polarization: implications on metabolic diseases and the role of exercise(Consel Brasil Oftalmologia, 2016) Sanches Silveira, Loreana; Mello Antunes, Barbara de Moura; Minari, André Luis Araújo [UNIFESP]; Santos, Ronaldo Vagner Thomatieli dos [UNIFESP]; Rosa Neto, José Cesar; Lira, Fabio Santos deMacrophages are cells of the innate immune response that trigger inflammation resolution. The phenotype of "classically activated macrophages" (M1) has anti-tumoricidal and anti-bactericidal activities. On the other hand, "alternatively activated macrophages" (M2) are involved in tissue remodeling and immunomodulatory functions. The change in the polarization of macrophages varies according to the diversity of cytokines present in the microenvironment or by the stimuli of an antigen. It involves such factors as interferon-regulatory factors, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), and signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs). Switching the phenotype of macrophages can help attenuate the development of an inflammatory disease. Exercise can promote alterations in the number of innate immune cells and stimulates phagocytic function. Chronic exercise seems to inhibit macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue by attenuating the expression of F4/80 mRNA. Furthermore, exercise may also increase the expression of M2 markers and reduce TNF-alpha and TLR4 mRNA expression, which activates the inflammatory pathway of NF-kappa B. Chronic exercise reduces beta 2-adrenergic receptors in monocytes and macrophages by modulating TLR4 signaling as well as suppressing IL-12 production, a stimulator of interferon.. In this review, we discuss macrophage polarization in metabolic diseases and how exercise can modulate macrophage plasticity.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Papel da Resposta Imune Inata e Adaptativa na Doença Coronária Aterosclerótica em Portadores de Hipercolesterolemia Familiar(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2019-08-29) Lopes, Waleria Simone Toledo Fonzar [UNIFESP]; Izar, Maria Cristina De Oliveira [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)BACKGROUND: For hundreds of thousands of years, part of our genomic heritage was primarily developed to combat infectious agents. However, the participation of our immune system modulating the progression of atherosclerosis was only recently recognized in the differential role of lymphocyte subtypes,with B1 lymphocytes with an important antiatherogenic role, due to the production of IgM antibodies that interact with oxidized epitopes of apolipoprotein B, and B2 lymphocytes contributing to atherosclerosis progression favoring interactions of oxidized LDL with dendritic cells, thus contributing for the immune complex deposition in the intima layer and plaque instabilization. Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an inherited condition characterized by lifetime exposure to high LDL-c, premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and cutaneous stigmata. However, in spite of LDL-c burden and exposure to aggressive lipid-lowering therapy, there is heterogeneity on atherosclerosis presentation that cannot be explained by classical risk factors. Though, we postulated that the imune-inflammatory system could modulate the burden of atherosclerosis in FH patients. OBJECTIVES:Evaluate if the imune-inflammatory system can modulate the development of coronary atherosclerosis in FH patients under high-intensity lipidlowering therapy. METHODS: One-hundred and two patients with definite or probable diagnosis of FH (Dutch Lipid Clinic Network) were selected. Blood samples for laboratory tests (lipids, biochemistry, apolipoproteins A1, B and Lp(a), immune profile (absolute count and %of lymphocytes TCD4+, TCD8+, B memory cells, B naive, B1, ELISPOT assays, quantification of cytokines TNF-α, IFN-, IL-10, IL-6, IL-4, and IL-2 produced by B memory, B naive and T cells), quantification of monocitic, endothelial and platelet microparticles (flow citometry), and titers of autoantibodies of IgG and IgM isotype anti-oxLDL and anti-Apo B-D (ELISA) were assayed. Genetic study used NGS and a gene pannel with LDLR, APOB, PCSK9, LDLRAP1, APOL1andLIPAgenes. Coronary angiotomography and coronary calcium score (CCS) were performed for the evaluation of the extent and severity of coronary atherosclerosis. Data was compared among individuals with CCS = 0 vs. > 0, among categories of CCS (0; 1-99; 100-399; xxiv 400-999; > 1000 UA), CCS percentiles ( P75) and CAD-RADS categories (0-5). Statistical analysis used parametric and non-parametric tests, as appropriate, with significance set at a P-value < 0,05. RESULTS: CCS> 0 was more prevalent in males (P=0.015), smokers (P=0.016), in those with higher CAD-RADS score (P<0.001), but did not differ among intensities of treatment, presence of cardiovascular risk factors or clinical manifestations of ASCVD. Lipid parameters were similar among participants with CCS = 0 vs. CCS >0 (LDL-c 149 + 61 vs. 158 + 63, respectively; P=0.471). There was heterogeneity in the presentation of ASCVD, with mean and maximal CCS of 173 and 2139 UA, respectively. Immune profile variables, autoantibodies of IgG and IgM isotypes anti- LDLox and anti-Apo B-D, and microparticles did not differ among CCS and CADRADS score categories, although there were trends for diferences for some variables. CONCLUSION: Although there is a clear role of the immune-adaptive system in the development, progression and complications of ASCVD, it does not seem to significantly influence the expression of coronary atherosclerosis evaluated by angiotomography, in subjects with familial hypercholesterolemia under high-intensity lipid-lowering therapy. The expression of ASCVD in those individuals seems to result fromthe balance between long-term exposure to very high levels of LDL-c and highintensity lipid-lowering treatment.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Wound-healing and benzodiazepines: does sleep play a role in this relationship?(Faculdade de Medicina / USP, 2012-07-01) Egydio, Flavia [UNIFESP]; Pires, Gabriel Natan [UNIFESP]; Tufik, Sergio [UNIFESP]; Andersen, Monica Levy [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Patients who have suffered burns frequently experience psychological consequences, among which anxiety disorders are prominent. Benzodiazepines are commonly administered to treat these symptoms. The effects of benzodiazepines on healing may not be direct but rather are modulated by alterations of the sleep architecture. This hypothesis is supported by studies that demonstrate the effects of benzodiazepines on the immune system and the inflammatory profile under both normal sleep conditions and during sleep deprivation, particularly rapid eye movement sleep deprivation.